Search results for "Oxide"
showing 10 items of 6424 documents
Induced post-traumatic apexification: 20 year follow-up and morphological study after new fracture.
2018
Apexification is an endodontic technique used in immature necrotic teeth, the primary goal of which is to induce a calcified barrier in roots with open apices and to promote the continuation of apical root development. A 7-year-old patient with a coronal fracture in a maxillary central incisor was treated with an apexification technique using calcium hydroxide. The apical closure was obtained after one year, then a permanent root canal filling was performed. The tooth was monitored for a period of 20 years, up to when a trauma caused its extraction. The newly formed root was analyzed macroscopically, histologically and through scanning electron microscopy. A morphologically normal root was …
Plasma Metabolites From Choline Pathway and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the PREDIMED (Prevention With Mediterranean Diet) Study.
2017
Background-The relationship between plasma concentrations of betaine and choline metabolism and major cardiovascular disease (CVD) end points remains unclear. We have evaluated the association between metabolites from the choline pathway and risk of incident CVD and the potential modifying effect of Mediterranean diet interventions. Methods and Results-We designed a case-cohort study nested within the PREDIMED (Prevention With Mediterranean Diet) trial, including 229 incident CVD cases and 751 randomly selected participants at baseline, followed up for 4.8 years. We used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to measure, at baseline and at 1 year of follow-up, plasma concentrations …
Simultaneous Inhibition of Peripheral CB1R and iNOS Mitigates Obesity-Related Dyslipidemia Through Distinct Mechanisms.
2020
Diabetic dyslipidemia, characterized by increased plasma triglycerides and decreased HDL cholesterol levels, is a major factor contributing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. Activation of the cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R) and activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progression. Here, we tested whether dual-targeting inhibition of hepatic CB1R and iNOS improves diabetic dyslipidemia in mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO mice). DIO mice were treated for 14 days with (S)-MRI-1867, a peripherally restricted hybrid inhibitor of CB1R and iNOS. (R)-MRI-1867, the CB1R-inactive stereoisomer that …
Stenosis coexists with compromised α1-adrenergic contractions in the ascending aorta of a mouse model of Williams-Beuren syndrome
2020
Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare disorder caused by a heterozygous deletion of 26-28 contiguous genes that affects the brain and cardiovascular system. Here, we investigated whether WBS affects aortic structure and function in the complete deletion (CD) mouse model harbouring the most common deletion found in WBS patients. Thoracic aortas from 3-4 months-old male CD mice and wild-type littermates were mounted in wire myographs or were processed for histomorphometrical analysis. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms and oxidative stress levels were assessed. Ascending aortas from young adult CD mice showed moderate (50%) luminal stenosis, whereas endothelial function and oxidative str…
Effect of different oxidative stress degrees generated by hydrogen peroxide on motility and DNA fragmentation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) spermatozoa.
2018
An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) or decrease in antioxidant barriers can provoke lipid peroxidation of the membranes or DNA damage of the spermatozoa. The aim of this work is to study the effect of the different degrees of oxidative stress generated by H2 O2 incubation on total motility, kinetics, and DNA fragmentation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) spermatozoa. For this process, experimental groups were incubated in 50 µM (Low; L) and 200 µM (High; H) H2 O2 , respectively, for 20 min at 4oC. Sperm motility parameters were obtained with a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) was assessed using the sperm chromatin dispersion test. Both low and…
Angiotensin II type II receptors and colonic dysmotility in 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats
2016
Background: Angiotensin II (Ang II), the main peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), has been suggested to be involved in inflammatory bowel diseases. Since RAS has emerged as gut motility regulator, and dysmotility is associated with intestinal inflammation, our objective was to investigate in rat 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis the functionality of RAS and its contribution to colonic motor alterations. Methods: The effects of Ang II on the longitudinal colonic muscular contractility of control and DNBS-treated rats were characterized in vitro. Transcripts encoding for Ang II receptors were investigated by RT-PCR. Key Results: Inflamed preparations showed a l…
Opposite effects of dopamine on the mechanical activity of circular and longitudinal muscle of human colon.
2020
Background Because dopamine (DA) has gained increasing evidence as modulator of gut motility, we aimed to characterize dopaminergic response in human colon, evaluating function and distribution of dopamine receptors in circular vs longitudinal muscle strips. Methods Mechanical responses to DA and dopaminergic agonists on slow phasic contractions and on basal tone were examined in vitro as changes in isometric tension. RT-PCR was used to reveal the distribution of dopaminergic receptors. Key results In spontaneous active circular muscle, DA induced an increase in the amplitude of slow phasic contractions and of the basal tone, via activation of D1-like receptors. DA contractile responses wer…
Effects of an Antimutagenic 1,4-Dihydropyridine AV-153 on Expression of Nitric Oxide Synthases and DNA Repair-related Enzymes and Genes in Kidneys of…
2016
Development of complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), including diabetic nephropathy, is a complex multi-stage process, dependent on many factors including the modification of nitric oxide (NO) production and an impaired DNA repair. The goal of this work was to study in vivo effects of 1,4-dihydropyridine AV-153, known as antimutagen and DNA binder, on the expression of several genes and proteins involved in NO metabolism and DNA repair in the kidneys of rats with a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of DM. Transcription intensity was monitored by means of real-time RT-PCR and the expression of proteins by immunohistochemistry. Development of DM significantly induced PARP1 protein express…
Mechanisms involved in the increased sensitivity of the rabbit basilar artery to atrial natriuretic peptide in diabetes.
2017
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a vasodilator with significant regional differences and controversial effects in the cerebral circulation, a vascular bed particularly prone to diabetes-induced complications. The present study has investigated how alloxan-induced diabetes modifies the mechanisms involved in the response of the rabbit basilar artery to ANP. ANP (10(-12) -10(-7) M) relaxed precontracted basilar arteries, with higher potency in diabetic than in control rabbits. In arteries from both groups of animals, endothelium removal reduced ANP-induced relaxations. Inhibition of NO-synthesis attenuated ANP-induced relaxation but this attenuation was lower in diabetic than in control ra…
Mas receptor is involved in the estrogen-receptor induced nitric oxide-dependent vasorelaxation.
2017
The Mas receptor is involved in the angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) vasodilatory actions by increasing nitric oxide production (NO). We have previously demonstrated an increased production of Ang-(1-7) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exposed to estradiol (E2), suggesting a potential cross-talk between E2 and the Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis. Here, we explored whether the vasoactive response and NO-related signalling exerted by E2 are influenced by Mas. HUVEC were exposed to 10nM E2 for 24h in the presence or absence of the selective Mas receptor antagonist A779, and the estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI182780 (ICI). E2 increased Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) …