Search results for "PC"

Maternal odor selectively enhances the categorization of face(like) stimuli in the 4 month-old infant brain

2020

Présentation Poster; International audience; In the 4-month-old infant brain, the visual categorization of natural face images is enhanced by concomitant maternal odor (Leleu et al., 2019), providing support for the early perception of congruent associations between co-occurring inputs from multiple senses. Here, we further explore whether this maternal odor effect is selective to faces or if it can be explained by a more general influence of salient odor cues on the perception of any visual object category. In Experiment 1, scalp electroencephalogram was recorded during a fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS-EEG) while 4-month-old infants were exposed to the maternal vs. a control odor. …

Du goût des protéines végétales au comportement des consommateurs : quelles méthodes d'étude pour quels enjeux ?

2021

National audience

Ecological role of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium graminearum : consequences of the presence of deoxynivalenol (DON) in crop residues on the soil mi…

2012

Fusarium graminearum is a plant pathogenic fungus, causing devastating disease “Fusarium head blight” (FHB) in cereals including wheat and maize. It also contaminates the grains with mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (DON) which are toxic to human and animals. This disease has resulted in the serious losses in grain yield and quality. We established through a first bibliographic review that during off season fungus survives saprophytically on the crop residues (ecological habitat) and serves as primary inoculum for the next season crop. However, we noticed also that the literature was poor about the role mycotoxins could play in the establishment of F. graminearum in such a habitat. The m…

Microalgae community structure analysis based on 18S rDNA amplification from DNA extracted directly from soil as a potential soil bioindicator

2005

International audience; Soil algae are photosynthetically active microorganisms showing changeable community structure, depending on the soil type, the agricultural practices and the application of pesticides. To characterise algal community structure, molecular approaches complementary to classical microbiological approaches based on the isolation and the culture of soil algae are required. Our study describes a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach targeting algal 18S rDNA sequences of desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples extracted either from unialgal eukaryotic microalgae culture, complex assemblages of microalgae populations or natural soil communities. Our first results showed that…

Aroma release and chewing activity during eating different model cheeses

2007

International audience; This study focused on the effect cheese properties had on chewing behaviour and aroma release as well as the relationship between them. Chewing activity and the kinetics of aroma release were simultaneously monitored during the consumption of eight model cheeses with the same flavour content. Differences in chewing behaviour explained most of the variability in aroma release among subjects. Aroma release increased with chewing work, bursts’ number and amplitude. For cheese samples, the chewing behaviour varied according to texture. Interaction between cheese composition and the chewing behaviour effects affected aroma release: (i) decreasing fat content increased aro…

Développement et évaluation d'une méthode fondée sur la PCR temps réel pour la caractérisation des bioaérosols : application au groupe des actinomycè…

2013

Actinomycetes are ubiquitous bacteria and some can be potentially pathogen for Humans in the air of some working areas. It’s notably the case in composting plants where bacteria concentrations can reach high values. Workers exposure to these inhalable bioaerosols can be source of various diseases (hypersensitivity pneumonitis notably). Although this problem is admitted, bibliography reveals a lack of knowledge about risk assessment: currently, none global method for bioaerosols sampling and analysis is standardized. So much that neither dose-effects relationship for most of these bacteria, nor Threshold Limit Value exists. Traditional methods, that are used, have some drawbacks (concentrati…

Characterization of rhizobia nodulating chickpea in Tunisia

2001

Cent cinquante rhizobia nodulant le pois chiche (Cicer arietinum L.) ont ete isoles a partir de sols echantillonnes dans differentes regions de Tunisie. L'inoculation de la plante hote avec ces isolats montre une variabilite dans le temps d'apparition des premieres nodosites. Cinq isolats induisent des nodosites deux semaines apres inoculation alors que pour les 145 isolats restants les nodosites ne sont observees qu'apres au moins quatre semaines. L'etude par PCR/RFLP de l'ADNr 16S a permis de rattacher les isolats du premier groupe a l'espece Mesorhizobium mediterraneum et ceux du second groupe a l'espece Sinorhizobium medicae. La position taxonomique des isolats a ete confirmee par leurs…

Localisation et visualisation de transcrits fongiques in situ: Une méthode originale qui combine biologie moléculaire et microscopie confocale

2011

National audience; Les Gloméromycètes, formant la symbiose mycorhizienne à arbuscules, sont des champignons biotrophes obligatoires qui sont intimement associés aux tissus végétaux qu’ils colonisent. Les techniques utilisées pour suivre l’expression des gènes fongiques dans les racines mycorhizées ne permettent pas de définir le profil spatio-temporel de leur activité. Afin de tracer l’activité transcriptionnelle fongique dans les racines mycorhizées, une méthode innovante, basée sur la RT-PCR in situ, a donc été développée. Cette technique permet de localiser, en microscopie optique confocale à balayage laser, des transcrits fongiques, à l’aide d’amorces spécifiques marquées par un fluoroc…

Duplex PCR method for rapid detection of Zymomonas mobilis in cider

2005

Identification de gènes liés à la résistance aux herbicides non liée à la cible chez les Ivraies : vers des tests « moléculaires » de diagnostic

2016

Identification of genes linked to non-target-site resistance to herbicides in ryegrass : towards "molecular" diagnosis assays. Setting up molecular diagnosis tools would greatly foster preventing and managing non-target-sitebased resistance to herbicides (NTSR). This is currently hampered by the complexity of NTSR genetic determinism, which is largely based upon differences in the expression of an unknown number of genes between resistant and sensitive plants. Identifying NTSR genes is thus a challenging task. Herein, we report the identification of 19 genes which expression patterns are correlated to NTSR to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in rye-grasses (Lolium sp.). We demonstrate the potentia…