Search results for "PDGFRA"

showing 3 items of 13 documents

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): Focus on histopathological diagnosis and biomolecular features

2007

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract that are believed to originate from a neoplastic transformation of the intestinal pacemaker cells (interstitial cells of Cajal) normally found in the bowel wall or their precursors. Although the microscopic features have been known for a long time, the defining characteristic of GIST is the presence of the cell-surface antigen CD117 (KIT), which is demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. KIT, which is a growth factor transmembrane receptor, is the product of the proto-oncogene c-kit (chromosome 4). Surgical removal remains the only curative treatment for patients with GISTs. Tumor size, mitotic index,…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyGastrointestinal Stromal TumorsPDGFRAProto-Oncogene MasHumansMedicineGastrointestinal stromal tumors; Histopathological diagnosis; Molecular biology; Novel therapies; Drug Resistance Neoplasm; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; Humans; Hematology; OncologyNeoplastic transformationGastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs)neoplasmsbiologyGiSTbusiness.industryCD117SunitinibImatinibHematologymedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesImatinib mesylateOncologyDrug Resistance Neoplasmbiology.proteinCancer researchbusinessmedicine.drug
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Abstract LB-295: Detection of oncogenic kinase mutations in circulating plasma DNA and correlation with clinical benefit in the phase III GRID study …

2013

Abstract Background: GRID is a phase III study for patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) following failure of imatinib (I) and sunitinib (S) who were randomized to receive either the multikinase inhibitor regorafenib (R) or placebo (P). R demonstrated a highly significant improvement in progression-free survival compared with P (HR 0.27, p<0.0001). A preplanned retrospective biomarker analysis was conducted to assess GIST genotypes in GRID patients and to explore the possible impact of different driver oncogene mutations on clinical outcomes. Methods: DNA was isolated from archival tumor tissue and analyzed for KIT mutations via Sanger sequencing. The expectat…

Sanger sequencingCancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyGiSTbusiness.industrySunitinibCancerImatinibPDGFRAmedicine.diseasesymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundOncologychemistryRegorafenibGenotypemedicinesymbolsCancer researchbusinessmedicine.drugCancer Research
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Targeted Therapy in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

2015

Advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) pathogenesis have resulted in the development of a treatment approach which has become a model of targeted therapy in oncology. The introduction of imatinib mesylate [inhibiting KIT/PDGFRA (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α) and their downstream signaling cascade] has dramatically improved the therapy of advanced (inoperable and/or metastatic) GIST. Imatinib has now become the standard of care in the treatment of patients with advanced GIST and its efficacy has been proven also in adjuvant setting after resection of primary high-risk tumors. However, a majority of patients eventually…

business.industrySunitinibPonatinibImatinibPDGFRAchemistry.chemical_compoundImatinib mesylateKit signaling pathwaychemistryRegorafenibCancer researchMedicinebusinessTyrosine kinasemedicine.drug
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