Search results for "PERFORMANCE"
showing 10 items of 4457 documents
Dissociation of emotional processes in response to visual and olfactory stimuli following frontotemporal damage.
2005
Contemporary neuropsychological studies have stressed the widely distributed and multicomponential nature of human affective processes. Here, we examined facial electromyographic (EMG) (zygomaticus and corrugator muscle activity), autonomic (skin conductance and heart rate) and subjective measures of affective valence and arousal in patient TG, a 30 year-old man with left anterior mediotemporal and left orbitofrontal lesions resulting from a traumatic brain injury. Both TG and a normal control group were exposed to hedonically valenced visual and olfactory stimuli. In contrast with control subjects, facial EMG and electrodermal activity in TG did not differentiate among pleasant, unpleasant…
Prism adaptation and neck muscle vibration in healthy individuals: Are two methods better than one?
2013
Studies involving therapeutic combinations reveal an important benefit in the rehabilitation of neglect patients when compared to single therapies. In light of these observations our present work examines, in healthy individuals, sensorimotor and cognitive after-effects of prism adaptation and neck muscle vibration applied individually or simultaneously. We explored sensorimotor after-effects on visuo-manual open-loop pointing, visual and proprioceptive straight-ahead estimations. We assessed cognitive after-effects on the line bisection task. Fifty-four healthy participants were divided into six groups designated according to the exposure procedure used with each: 'Prism' (P) group; 'Vibra…
NOA-05 phase 2 trial of procarbazine and lomustine therapy in gliomatosis cerebri.
2011
The NOA-05 multicenter trial was performed to analyze the efficacy of primary chemotherapy with procarbazine and lomustine (PC) in patients with gliomatosis cerebri (GC) and to define clinical, imaging, and molecular factors influencing outcome.Thirty-five patients with previously untreated GC were treated with up to six 56-day courses of 110mg/m(2) lomustine on day 1 and 60mg/m(2) procarbazine on days 8 to 21. The primary endpoint was the rate of patients without therapy failure (defined as progressive disease, death from any cause, or termination of PC therapy before the end of course 4) at 8 months after the beginning of PC chemotherapy.The failure-free survival rate at 8 months was 50.3…
Effects of time-of-day on neuromuscular function in untrained men: Specific responses of high morning performers and high evening performers
2015
It has been clearly established that maximal force varies during the day in human muscles but the exact mechanisms behind the diurnal rhythms are still not fully clarified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the diurnal rhythms in maximal isometric force production in a large group of participants and also by separating the high morning performance types (n = 8) and the high evening performance types (n = 19) from the neutral types (n = 45) based on their actual maximal isometric force levels. Measurements were performed in the morning (7:26 h ± 63 min) and in the evening (17:57 h ± 74 min) for maximal bilateral isometric leg press force (MVCLP) together with myoelectric activi…
Effects of morning vs. evening combined strength and endurance training on physical performance, sleep and well-being
2019
The aim of the present study was to examine how combined strength and endurance training in the morning and evening influences the adaptations in strength and endurance performance, perception of time management, psychological well-being and sleep. The combined training period lasted for 24 weeks and the participants were divided into the morning training (MG, n = 18), evening training (EG, n = 24) and control groups (CG, n = 10). Isometric leg press force (iLP), maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), sleep behavior, fatigue, time management, motivation, self-esteem and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed. Morning to evening difference in iLP was observed in both MG and EG at…
Visuospatial attention lateralization in volleyball players and in rowers.
2011
In the present study, differences in visuospatial attention lateralization were evaluated in athletes engaged in open- compared to closed-skill sports and sedentary nonathletes. 23 volleyball players (open skill; Italian national level and regional level), 10 rowers (closed skill, Italian national level), and 23 sedentary participants responded to a computerized line-length judgment task. Five lines, differing in the length of their right and left segments, were randomly presented; the respondent made a forced-choice decision about the respective length of the two segments. Volleyball players responded significantly faster; those at the higher competitive level were also more accurate, mak…
Comparison of Foot and Hand Reaction Times among Men: A Methodologic Study Using Simple and Multiple-Choice Repeated Measurements
1995
The primary study goal was to compare visual simple and choice reaction times of the hand and foot to assess validity of measurements for evaluating subjects' ability to perform rapid, controlled movements. First, we examined the repeatability ( N = 34) for four different data-sampling methods from a series of 12 trials within sessions and between two test sessions. Simple and choice reaction times with the preferred hand and both feet were then compared among 153 healthy male volunteers aged 35 to 67 years. Pearson correlations for hand and ipsilateral and contralateral foot reaction times on simple and choice tasks (.53 to .80, p<.001) showed that psychomotor foot reaction time is a v…
Brain slow waves preceding time-locked visuo-motor performance.
1993
According to previous findings (Konttinen and Lyytinen, 1992), the slow brain negativity preceding the trigger pull in rifle‐shooting tends to be decreased in successful shots among experienced marksmen, whereas no such pattern is found among inexperienced subjects. This effect was interpreted as resulting mainly from optimal arousal. However, another explanation is examined here. The aim of the experiment was to investigate slow electrocortical changes associated with motor regulation and visual aiming related to shooting performance. Four variations on a shooting task were used, in which the visual and motor components were contrasted. Motor activity related to gun stabilization was found…
Fatigue does not conjointly alter postural and cognitive performance when standing in a shooting position under dual-task conditions
2017
ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effects of fatigue on balance control and cognitive performance in a standing shooting position. Nineteen soldiers were asked to stand while holding a rifle (single task – ST). They also had to perform this postural task while simultaneously completing a cognitive task (dual task – DT). Both the ST and DT were performed in pre- and post-fatigue conditions. In pre-fatigue, participants achieved better balance control in the DT than in the ST, thus suggesting that the increased cognitive activity associated with the DT improves balance control by shifting the attentional focus away from a highly automatised activity. In post-fatigue, balance control was deg…
Neurophysiological insights on flexibility improvements through motor imagery
2017
International audience; The efficacy of motor imagery (MI) practice to facilitate muscle stretching remains controversial and the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms unexplored. We evaluated the effects of MI practice during a sit-and reach task. Healthy participants were randomly assigned to a MI practice (n = 15) or Control (n = 15) group and completed 2 blocks of 5 sit-and-reach trials. During the first block (B1), participants performed 5 maximal stretching trials of 10s. During the second block (B2), trials were divided into two consecutive parts: i) reproducing the maximum performance of B1 (10s, B2 part 1), and ii) attempting to outperform the maximum performance of B1 (10s, B2 …