Search results for "PESTICIDE"

Analytical Methods for Pesticide Residue Determination in Bee Products

2002

Monitoring pesticide residues in honey, wax, and bees helps to assess the potential risk of these products to consumer health and gives information on the pesticide treatments that have been used on the field crops surrounding the hives. The present review seeks to discuss the basic principles and recent developments in pesticide analysis in bee products and their application in monitoring programs. Consideration is given to extraction, cleanup, chromatographic separation, and detection techniques.

Determination of Urea Pesticide Residues in Vegetable, Soil, and Water Samples

2003

The main physico-chemical, toxicological, and environmental properties of urea pesticides are summarized. General characteristics of analytical methods for residues of phenylurea herbicides (PUHs), sulfonylurea herbicides (SUHs), and Benzoylurea insecticides (BUIs) in crops, soil, and water samples, employed in the last 5 years are reviewed. Provided it is information about liquid-liquid and solid-phase extraction of the samples and clean-up steps. The applications of gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), and capillary electrophoresis (CE) techniques in the analysis of these compounds are exposed in tabular form and commented on. Sensitivity and instrument conditions of liqui…

Determination of pesticides and their degradation products in soil: critical review and comparison of methods

2004

18 páginas, 5 figuras, 5 tablas.

Multiresidue analysis of pesticides in honey by quechers and gas chromatography mass spectrometry in tandem

2011

Solubility of some pesticides in supercritical CO2

1988

The solubility limits of some pesticides (Linuron, Methoxychlor, Diclofopmethyl, Diclofop and 2,4-D) and of 3,4-dichloroaniline have been determined in supercritical CO2 at 200 bar and 40° C, using the Milton Roy sample preparation accessory SPATM. Depending on the polarity and vapour pressure of the investigated compounds, the solubility was found to be between 0.3 and 12 gl−1.

Occurrence of biomarkers of pesticide exposure in non-invasive human specimens.

2015

Biomonitoring has been used in many types of investigations, including national programmes and epidemiological studies, to explore the occurrence of biomarkers of pesticide exposure in the general population or relevant groups. This review discusses recent studies that measure levels of biomarkers of pesticide exposure in non-invasive human specimens such as urine, breast milk, meconium and hair. Specific and non-specific metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides have been widely investigated in urine, where some of the suitable biomarkers present rates of detection higher than 80%, which stand for an ongoing chronic exposure to traces of these chemicals. Hair is a promisin…

Efficacy of Ozonation Treatments of Smoked Fish for Reducing Its Benzo[a]pyrene Concentration and Toxicity

2017

Ozone is widely used in food processing, for example, to decompose mycotoxins or pesticide residues, to extend the shelf life of products, and for sanitation. The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of expanding the application of ozone for oxidative degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The evaluation was conducted by ozonation of a benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) standard solution and smoked fish (sprats) contaminated with PAHs. The effect of ozonation was immediate in the BaP solution; 89% of this toxic compound was decomposed after only 1 min of treatment. However, the impact of ozonation on the smoked sprats was less pronounced, even after prolonged treatment. …

Aldicarb residues in citrus soil, leaves and fruits

1990

Aldicarb was applied to the soil of Late Valencia orange field plots. A comparative study between four analytical methods is reported, the NPD-gas chromatography method being the best choice. The work also reports the study of accumulation and persistence of aldicarb and its biologically active metabolites in the soil, leaves and fruits (rind and pulp, separately). Residue content, at the ppb level, was found in the order leaves much greater than rind greater than pulp. Carbamate was found to accumulate mainly in its oxidized forms. Residues had reached a maximum level in about 90 days after application.

Liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometric analysis of benzoylurea insecticides in citrus fruits.

2000

A liquid chromatography (LC) method for the quantitative determination of three benzoylurea insecticide residues (diflubenzuron, flufenoxuron and hexaflumuron) in citrus fruits is described. Residues were successfully separated on a C18 column by methanol/water gradient elution. Detection was by negative-ion, selected-ion monitoring atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (APCI-MS); the main ions were [M - H]-, and the secondary fragment ions were [M - H - HF]-. Useful confirmatory information can thus be obtained at low extraction voltages from losses of HF. Detection limits for standard solutions were 10 fg injected and good linearity and reproducibility were obtained. …

Pesticide residues in oranges from Valencia (Spain)

2001

One hundred and fifty citrus samples from an agricultural co-operative of the Valencian Community (Spain) were analysed for pre- and post-harvest pesticide residues using high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Among the residues from post-harvest treatments, imazalil was detected in 112 (74.7%) samples at a mean level of 1.2 mg/kg, thiabendazole in 21 (14.0%) samples at a mean level of 0.47 mg/kg and carbendazim in 5 (3.3%) samples at a mean level of 1.05 mg/kg. Among the residues from pre-harvest treatment, dicofol was detected in 28 (18.7%) samples at a mean level of .28 mg/kg chlorpyriphos in 19 (12.7% samples at a mean level of 0.16 mg/kg and endosulfan in 11 (7.…