Search results for "PESTICIDE"

Ekologo-gigieničeskaâ ocenka povedeniâ insekticidov v agrocenoze âbloni

2016

Under actual conditions of agroecosystems and agrocoenosis of the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, the use of neonicotinoids and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides in apple orchards pose no hazard to terrestrial ecosystems and human health in terms of nutrition hygiene and sanitary soil protection,provided that conventional technolo- gies as well as agrotechnical and hygienic regulations apply.

Reconciling pesticide reduction with economic and environmental sustainability in arable

2014

National audience

Évolution des pratiques et des performances technico-économiques et environnementales au sein du réseau de fermes DEPHY, filière Grandes Cultures

2021

National audience; Le réseau DEPHY génère des données uniques pour la production de connaissances génériquessur les systèmes agricoles peu consommateurs de pesticides. Des travaux récents ont valoriséla diversité des pratiques des agriculteurs DEPHY, décrites au moment de leur entrée dans leréseau, pour (i) identifier les caractéristiques techniques des stratégies de gestion associées à unfaible usage de pesticides, en tenant compte des spécificités du contexte de production dechaque ferme, et (ii) étudier le lien entre le niveau d’usage de pesticides et les performances deproductivité et de rentabilité économique. L’ambition de la thèse est d’analyser maintenant lesévolutions de pratiques …

Allelopatyczne właściwości metabolitów wtórnych roślin uprawnych

2009

Allelopathy has been defined by the International Allelopathy Society as "any process involving secondary metabolites produced by plants, microorganisms, viruses and fungi that influence the growth and development of agricultural and biological systems, including positive and negative effects [1]". Allelochemicals can be released into the environment and despite what effect they evoke towards living organisms this kind of specific chemical interactions is known as "allelopathy". Allelopathic phenomena have been observed and studied from ancient times. Theophrastus from Eresos, a disciple of Aristotle, reported an inhibitory effect of pigweed Polygonum spp. on alfalfa in ca. 350 B.C., wherea…

Effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide on survival and oxidative status of a non-target herbivore, the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlin…

2019

Glyphosate is the globally most used herbicide against a wide range of weeds. Glyphosate has been considered safe to animals as it mainly targets physiological pathways in plants. However, recent toxicological studies have revealed that glyphosate can cause various toxic effects also on animals. In this study, we investigated the direct toxic effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH, Roundup® Bio) on 1) survival and 2) oxidative status of a non-target herbivore by using Colorado potato beetles (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), originating from Poland and USA, as model species. Larvae were randomly divided into three groups: 1) high concentration (100% Roundup Bio, 360 g/l), 2) low concentrat…

Molecular Basis for Endocrine Disruption by Pesticides Targeting Aromatase and Estrogen Receptor

2020

The intensive use of pesticides has led to their increasing presence in water, soil, and agricultural products. Mounting evidence indicates that some pesticides may be endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), being therefore harmful for the human health and the environment. In this study, three pesticides, glyphosate, thiacloprid, and imidacloprid, were tested for their ability to interfere with estrogen biosynthesis and/or signaling, to evaluate their potential action as EDCs. Among the tested compounds, only glyphosate inhibited aromatase activity (up to 30%) via a non-competitive inhibition or a mixed inhibition mechanism depending on the concentration applied. Then, the ability of the thr…

Isolation of organophosphorus-degrading bacteria from agricultural mediterranean soils

2010

PHB-based films as matrices for pesticides

2002

Abstract The effects of pesticides incorporated into PHB-based polymeric matrices on the biodegradability of films and antifungal efficiency of immobilised pesticides to Botrytis cinerea was studied. The mass loss of tested PHB-based films for 2 weeks was 40–50% and after 4 weeks 92–96% of the initial mass. The fungicides Ronilan and Sumilex immobilised into the polymeric matrices did not depress the film degradation rate. PHB-based films caused changes in the soil microorganism association. Fungicides immobilised in PHB-based matrices decreased the count of the phytopathogenic fungus B. cinerea.

Acute toxicity of several pesticides to rotifer (Brachionus calyciflorus).

1992

Detection and discrimination of organophosphorus pesticides in water by using a colorimetric probe array

2014

[EN] Detection and discrimination of several organophosphorus pesticides in water using a colorimetric probe array containing twelve dyes has been achieved. A clear discrimination for malathion, leptophos, dichlorvos, dibrom and diazinon was observed. The array was used to determine the concentration of diazinon in orange leaves