Search results for "PESTICIDE"

Pesticide residues in some Baltic animals - a review of selected literature

1975

ABSTRACT During the last few years, considerable efforts have been devoted to the tracing of halogenated hydrocarbons, particularly DDT and PCB, and of mercury in Baltic animals. These investigations have already produced some important generalizations, which may be summarized as follows: (1) The concentrations of halogenated hydrocarbons and mercury in the tissues of Baltic animals are in general higher than those found in the corresponding species on the west coast of Sweden and in the Norwegian waters. (2) The highest levels of DDT compounds seem to occur in the animals of the southern Baltic and the Sound (oresund). (3) The highest contents of methylmercury in the Baltic fish occur in c…

Contributo per una visione contemporanea dell’azienda agricola: tra sostenibilità e sfide del mondo digitale

2023

Le sfide che l’umanità sta affrontando e da cui dipende la sopravvivenza del pianeta, il diffondersi nell’ambito dell’attività agricola di tecnologie digitali sempre più avanzate e la necessità di adottare un approccio sostenibile che preservi le risorse a tutela delle generazioni future hanno condotto l’azienda agricola a cambiare gradualmente volto. Questo libro mira a contribuire a un’aggiornata riflessione sul ruolo dell’imprenditore agricolo e dell’azienda da lui condotta, osservandone l’organizzazione e composizione alla luce delle regole che oggi la disciplinano e guardando alle innovazioni necessarie a garantire il raggiungimento dei pressanti obiettivi climatici e ambientali verso …

Recent advances in the application of innovative food processing technologies for mycotoxins and pesticide reduction in foods

2020

Abstract Background Agricultural products are a vital component of the human diet. However, these products can be contaminated by health-threatening pesticides and mycotoxins due to improper farming and storage practices. Besides, pesticide pollution can be also regarded as environmental pollution and pesticide reduction is among the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While these hazardous chemicals are stable during several traditional food processing, innovative food processing technologies, including high-pressure processing (HPP), pulsed electric fields (PEF), cold plasma (CP), supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2), and ultrasound (USN) processing, have been found to have good potent…

128 Development of a job-exposure matrix (JEM) to describe pesticide exposure in Spanish workers (1996–2005)

2013

Objectives Pesticides are intensively used in Spain in a wide range of economic activities such as agriculture, farming, wood treatments or pest control, reaching in 2005 a consumption of more than 100,000 ton/year. Exposure to these substances has been proven to have negative effects on human health. However, there is little information available regarding the levels and frequency of exposure for workers, or the job titles associated with the worst exposure indicators. This study aimed to collect the available information on occupational pesticide exposure in Spain as a job-exposure matrix (JEM). Methods The work was carried out in the context of MatEmESp Project, which aims to build a Spa…

In vitro effect of organophosphate pesticides, Malathion and chlorpyriphos, on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes

2008

Analysis of carbamate pesticides and their metabolites in water by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography: A review

2001

Carbamates are an important, broad class of pesticides that are used extensively as insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. Sensitive, economical, fast, and environmental friendly procedures are constantly developed to investigate their residues in water samples. The state of the art in methods based on solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatographic determination are examined here. SPE is presently the most extended method for preconcentration of carbamate pesticide residues and their transformation products from water samples. Advantages and limitations of alkyl bonded-silica, and polymeric sorbents, carbon, and mixed-phases in off-line and on-line procedures are discussed. Beca…

Evaluation of the Fate of Aldicarb and Its Metabolites in Oranges

1995

Abstract The accumulation, persistence and fate of systemic pesticide aldicarb was melencholy evaluated in orange crops. The concentration of this pesticide and its two toxic metabolites, aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone was determined in leaves, rind and pulp of three orange varieties (Satsuma, Navelina and Clemetina de Nules) and in the top soil of the orange groves. The groves were located in two different places in the Valencia Community (Spain). The analysis showed that the aldicarb concentration was lower than those of aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone. In all cases, the residues persisted at least 160 days in vegetable samples and between 157 and 227 days in soil samples…

Determination of indoor air quality of a phytosanitary plant.

2011

A new methodology has been developed to determine volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and pesticides in ambient air using membrane based devices as passive samplers. Pesticides were determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS) after their microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) from the passive sampler and the required clean-up. On the other hand, VOCs were also caught with the same samplers and directly determined by head space (HS) coupled to GC-MS. The use of samplers filled with florisil and activated carbon allows us to catch with a simple device both, VOCs and pesticides, with a high vapor pressure. Results obtained in the deployment of samplers in different sit…

Development of competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for boscalid determination in fruit juices

2012

Abstract Boscalid is a modern, broad-spectrum carboxamide pesticide highly efficient against most fungal diseases affecting valuable crops. In this study, a boscalid-mimicking derivative with a six-carbon spacer arm replacing the chlorine atom at the pyridine ring of the target molecule was synthesized and coupled to carrier proteins. Following rabbit immunization, antibodies against this agrochemical were obtained for the first time, and they were characterised in terms of affinity and specificity, tolerance to solvents, and robustness to changes in buffer pH and ionic strength, using two assay formats. Both of the optimised immunoassays showed limits of detection below 0.1 μg/L. Moreover,…

An Au(iii)–amino alcohol complex for degradation of organophosphorus pesticides

2015

An Au(III)–amino alcohol complex has been used to cleave organophosphorous pesticides of the dithiophosphate family. P–S bond breaking was readily demonstrated by 1H NMR, 31P NMR and MS. Thiol fragment release was also demonstrated using 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl fluorescein ethyl ester as a fluorescent sensor.