Search results for "PHOSPHATASE"
showing 10 items of 499 documents
The ISWI chromatin remodeler organizes the hsrω ncRNA-containing omega speckle nuclear compartments.
2011
The complexity in composition and function of the eukaryotic nucleus is achieved through its organization in specialized nuclear compartments. The Drosophila chromatin remodeling ATPase ISWI plays evolutionarily conserved roles in chromatin organization. Interestingly, ISWI genetically interacts with the hsrω gene, encoding multiple non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) essential, among other functions, for the assembly and organization of the omega speckles. The nucleoplasmic omega speckles play important functions in RNA metabolism, in normal and stressed cells, by regulating availability of hnRNPs and some other RNA processing proteins. Chromatin remodelers, as well as nuclear speckles and their assoc…
Enzyme histochemical and immunohistochemical characterization of oval and parenchymal cells proliferating in livers of rats fed a choline-deficient/D…
1991
Male outbred Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a choline-deficient diet containing 0.10% DL-ethionine for up to 30 weeks. Liver slices from rats killed 4, 6, 10, 14, 22 and 30 weeks after starting the treatment were histochemically analyzed for the following parameters: basophilia, expression of cytokeratin 19 (which in the liver is bile duct epithelial cell-specific), glycogen content and activities of glycogen synthetase (SYN), glycogen phosphorylase (PHO), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PASE), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), glycerin-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH), 'malic enzyme' (MDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALKPASE) and gamma-glutamyl…
Isolation, biochemical characterization, long-term culture, and phenotype modulation of oval cells from carcinogen-fed rats.
1993
Oval cells are liver epithelial cells that proliferate during hepatocarcinogenesis and chemically induced severe liver injury. It has been suggested that these cells represent hepatic stem cells which might play an important role in the histogenesis of cholangiocellular as well as hepatocellular carcinomas. In order to test this hypothesis highly purified oval cell preparations and propagable oval cell lines are needed. In the present study the isolation, biochemical characterization, and long-term culture of oval cells from rats fed a choline-deficient/DL-ethionine-supplemented diet for 6, 14, or 22 weeks are described. The freshly isolated oval cells were gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-posi…
The molecular evolution of sperm zonadhesin.
2008
Based on pioneering work of Hardy and Garbers, zonadhesin has become one of the best studied sperm ligands in boreoeutherian mammals, both from a biochemical and evolutionary perspective. Zonadhesin is a mosaic-type protein that localizes to the apical head of spermatozoa. In pig, cattle, rabbit and primates, zonadhesin precursor essentially consists of two or three MAM (meprin/A5 antigen/mu receptor tyrosine phosphatase) domains, one mucin-like domain, one incomplete and four complete D domains (homologous to vWFD). Mouse zonadhesin is distinguished from this general pattern by 20 extra partial D3 domains. While concerted evolution drives the divergence of the mucin-like domain in the orth…
Psoriasis vulgaris and genetic markers
1977
In a sample of n = 160 nonrelated male and female patients suffering from psoriasis Vulgaris, blood serum protein, and enzyme group typings have been carried out and compared with healthy controls from the same area (Rheinland-Pfalz). Marked statistically significant differences between patients and controls were found in none of the genetic blood polymorphisms considered here. However, combining previously published data from various authors with our own, significant associations between this skin disease and genetic polymorphisms such as MN, Gc, Gm (2), red cell acid phosphatase, and red cell phosphoglucomutase (PGM1) were seen. The possible reasons for these associations are discussed.
Phospholipase D in rat myocardium: formation of lipid messengers and synergistic activation by G-protein and protein kinase C.
1998
Activation of phospholipase D (PLD) and phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) by fluoride, to stimulate heterotrimeric G-proteins, and by phorbol esters, to stimulate protein kinase C (PKC), was studied in rat atria. Fluoride and 4beta-phorbol-12beta,13alpha-dibutyrate (PDB), in contrast to 4beta-phorbol-13alpha-acetate (PAc), activated PLD, catalyzing the formation of [3H]-phosphatidylethanol ([3H]-PETH), [3H]-phosphatidic acid ([3H]-PA), choline and sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG). Basal PLD activity was resistant to drastic changes in Ca2+ and to Ro 31-8220, a PKC inhibitor, but was decreased by genistein, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, and increased by vanadate, a tyrosine ph…
Enzyme polymorphisms and haemoglobin variants in Greeks
1975
Several enzyme polymorphisms and hemoglobin variants were typed in a sample of n = 219 non-related Greek blood-donors. The following gene frequencies were observed: pa = 0.201, pb = 0.701, pc = 0.098;PGDA = 0.985, PGDc = 0.015; AK1 = 0.942, AK2 = 0.058; HbA = 0.988, HbS = 0.012. No polymorphic variation was seen in LDH, s-MDH, PHI, or SOD. The population genetical aspects of these results are discussed.
Frontotemporal dementia: the post-tau era.
2006
As scientists have begun to decipher the molecular genetic bases of hereditary frontotemporal dementia (FTD), it has become clear that the biology of these human neurodegenerative diseases has a complexity not previously suspected. FTD has been found to be linked to several chromosomal loci including those in chromosome 9, chromosome 17, and chromosome 3. The article by Guyant-Marechal et al. in this issue of Neurology reports the clinical, pathologic, and molecular characteristics of a form of FTD associated with inclusion body myopathy and Paget disease of the bone observed in members of two families and expands our knowledge on genetically determined FTD.1 The disorder is associated with…
Compound heterozygosity in the SPG4 gene causes hereditary spastic paraplegia
2008
The SPG4 gene is frequently mutated in autosomal dominant form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). We report that the compound heterozygous sequence variants S44L, a known polymorphism, and c.1687G>A, a novel mutation in SPG4 cause a severe form of HSP in a patient. The family members carrying solely c.1687G>A mutation are asymptomatic for HSP. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that the c.1687G>A mutation is a splice site mutation and causes skipping of the exon 15 of spastin. Furthermore, quantification of RT-PCR products by sequencing and quantification of allele-specific expression by pyrosequencing assay revealed that c.1687G>A is a leaky…
Molecular mechanisms of carfilzomib-induced cardiotoxicity in mice and the emerging cardioprotective role of metformin
2019
AbstractCarfilzomib (Cfz), an irreversible proteasome inhibitor licensed for relapsed/refractory myeloma, is associated with cardiotoxicity in humans. We sought to establish the optimal protocol of Cfz-induced cardiac dysfunction, to investigate the underlying molecular-signaling and, based on the findings, to evaluate the cardioprotective potency of metformin (Met). Mice were randomized into protocols 1 and 2 (control and Cfz for 1 and 2 consecutive days, respectively); protocols 3 and 4 (control and alternate doses of Cfz for 6 and 14 days, respectively); protocols 5A and 5B (control and Cfz, intermittent doses on days 0, 1 [5A] and 0, 1, 7, and 8 [5B] for 13 days); protocols 6A and 6B (p…