Search results for "PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY"

showing 10 items of 8108 documents

Measurement of Low Concentration of Nanosized Objects Suspended in a Liquid Medium

2018

The new optical scheme of refractometer with temperature stabilisation 10-2 °C is developed, which allows measuring a refractive index of the sample with accuracy not worse than 10-5; dependence of refraction index on concentration of SiO2 nanoparticles in liquid suspension is obtained within the framework of the research.

refractive indexconcentration measurementPhysicsQC1-999Center of excellenceGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyLiquid medium021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesEngineering physics010309 optics0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]suspensionEnvironmental sciencemedia_common.cataloged_instancenanoparticlesEuropean union0210 nano-technologyVolume concentrationmedia_commonLatvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences
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Dynamics of hydrofracturing and permeability evolution in layered reservoirs

2015

International audience; A coupled hydro-mechanical model is presented to model fluid driven fracturing in layered porous rocks. In the model the solid elastic continuum is described by a discrete element approach coupled with a fluid continuum grid that is used to solve Darcy based pressure diffusion. The model assumes poro-elasto-plastic effects and yields real time dynamic aspects of the fracturing and effective stress evolution under the influence of excess fluid pressure gradients. We show that the formation and propagation of hydrofractures are sensitive to mechanical and tectonic conditions of the system. In cases where elevated fluid pressure is the sole driving agent in a stable tec…

reservoir[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]Materials Science (miscellaneous)Effective stressfluid pressureBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPattern formation[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciencesreservoirsstresshydrofracturesfluid pressure4Ultimate tensile strength[PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph][PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph]Physical and Theoretical ChemistryPorosityMathematical PhysicsCauchy stress tensorPhysicsMechanicssimulationreservoirs2lcsh:QC1-999TectonicsPermeability (earth sciences)Keywords: hydrofractures1simulation3Relative permeabilityhydrofractureGeologystress5lcsh:Physics
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High precision numerical approach for Davey–Stewartson II type equations for Schwartz class initial data

2020

We present an efficient high-precision numerical approach for Davey–Stewartson (DS) II type equa- tions, treating initial data from the Schwartz class of smooth, rapidly decreasing functions. As with previous approaches, the presented code uses discrete Fourier transforms for the spatial dependence and Driscoll’s composite Runge–Kutta method for the time dependence. Since DS equations are non-local, nonlinear Schrödinger equations with a singular symbol for the non-locality, standard Fourier methods in practice only reach accuracy of the order of 10−6or less for typical examples. This was previously demonstrated for the defocusing integrable case by comparison with a numerical approach for …

semiclassical limitClass (set theory)General MathematicsGeneral Physics and AstronomywaveType (model theory)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasDavey-Stewartson equationsevolution0103 physical sciencesApplied mathematics[MATH]Mathematics [math]0101 mathematicsMathematicsInverse scattering transform010102 general mathematicsGeneral EngineeringD-bar problemsFourier spectral methodsimulationkadomtsev-petviashviliinverse scattering transformpacketssystemsSolitonsolitonblow-upProceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
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One-loop corrections to light cone wave functions: the dipole picture DIS cross section

2018

We develop methods needed to perform loop calculations in light cone perturbation theory using a helicity basis, refining the method introduced in our earlier work. In particular this includes implementing a consistent way to contract the four-dimensional tensor structures from the helicity vectors with d-dimensional tensors arising from loop integrals, in a way that can be fully automatized. We demonstrate this explicitly by calculating the one-loop correction to the virtual photon to quark-antiquark dipole light cone wave function. This allows us to calculate the deep inelastic scattering cross section in the dipole formalism to next-to-leading order accuracy. Our results, obtained using …

small-xNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyVirtual particleFOS: Physical scienceshiukkasfysiikka01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Dimensional regularizationHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Light cone0103 physical sciencesTensorHelicity basis010306 general physicskvanttifysiikkaPhysicsDISta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsHelicityLoop integralQCDEVOLUTIONlight-cone perturbation theoryDipoleHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyQuantum electrodynamicsREGULARIZATIONcolor glass condensate
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On the effects of suitably designed space microstructures in the propagation of waves in time modulated composites

2023

In the one-dimensional case, the amplitude of a pulse that propagates in a homogeneous material whose properties are instantaneously changed in time will undergo an exponential increase due to the interference between the reflected and transmitted pulses generated at each sudden switch. Here, we resolve the issue by designing suitable reciprocal PT-symmetric space-time microstructures so that the interference between the scattered waves is such that the overall amplitude of the wave will be constant in time in each constituent material. Remarkably, for the geometries proposed here, a pulse will propagate with constant amplitude regardless of the impedance between the constituent materials,…

space-time modulationPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)microstructuresSettore ING-IND/06 - FluidodinamicaClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)FOS: Physical scienceswave propagationPhysics - Classical PhysicsMathematical Physics (math-ph)Mathematical PhysicsPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Characterization of Supersonic Gas Jets for High-Resolution Laser Ionization Spectroscopy of Heavy Elements

2018

© 2018 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the »https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/» Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. The method of laser spectroscopy in supersonic gas jets was proposed for high-resolution and high-efficiency in-gas laser ionization and spectroscopy studies of short-lived nuclei. The flow properties of such supersonic gas jets have been characterized under off-line conditions. Planar laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of s…

spectroscopyMaterials scienceta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsQC1-999laser technologyspektroskopiaGeneral Physics and AstronomyHigh resolutionLaser01 natural scienceslasertekniikkalaw.inventionCharacterization (materials science)lawnuclear physicsIonization0103 physical sciencesSupersonic speedAtomic physics010306 general physicsSpectroscopyydinfysiikka
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Octopus, a computational framework for exploring light-driven phenomena and quantum dynamics in extended and finite systems

2020

Over the last few years, extraordinary advances in experimental and theoretical tools have allowed us to monitor and control matter at short time and atomic scales with a high degree of precision. An appealing and challenging route toward engineering materials with tailored properties is to find ways to design or selectively manipulate materials, especially at the quantum level. To this end, having a state-of-the-art ab initio computer simulation tool that enables a reliable and accurate simulation of light-induced changes in the physical and chemical properties of complex systems is of utmost importance. The first principles real-space-based Octopus project was born with that idea in mind,…

spectroscopyPhotonelectronic-structure calculationsComputer sciencespectraQuantum dynamicsmolecular-dynamicsComplex systemGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences010402 general chemistryspin01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaEngineeringTDDFTreal-space0103 physical sciencesoctopusgeneralized gradient approximationPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrydensity-functional theoryMassively parallelQuantumChemical Physicsreal time010304 chemical physicsComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)scientific software0104 chemical sciencestotal-energy calculationsphysics.comp-phPhysical SciencesChemical Sciencespolarizable continuum modelState of matterSystems engineeringLight drivenDensity functional theoryPhysics - Computational Physics
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The NUMEN project @ LNS: Status and perspectives

2017

The NUMEN project aims at accessing experimentally driven information on Nuclear Matrix Elements (NME) involved in the half-life of the neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ), by high-accuracy measurements of Heavy Ion (HI) induced Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reaction cross sections. In particular, the (18O,18Ne) and (20Ne,20O) reactions are used as tools for β+β+ and β−β− decays, respectively. In the experiments, performed at INFN - Laboratory Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania, the beams are accelerated by the Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) and the reaction ejectiles are detected the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer. The measured cross sections are challengingly low (a few nb), being the tota…

spectroscopyacceleratorspektroskopiaCyclotronnucleus: energyContext (language use)Scintillator[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]7. Clean energy01 natural scienceslaw.inventionNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)double-beta decay: (0neutrino)lawDouble beta decay0103 physical sciencescyclotron010306 general physicsPhysicsSpectrometerta114operator: transition010308 nuclear & particles physicscyclotrons nuclear structureNuclear structureradioactive decaysemileptonic decaycross section: measuredmagnetic spectrometercharge exchangecharge exchange reactionsheavy ionUpgradeOrder of magnitudeexperimental results
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Results of DTAS Campaign at IGISOL : Overview

2023

The β decays of more than twenty fission fragments were measured in the first experiments with radioactive-ion beams employing the Decay Total Absorption γ-ray Spectrometer. In this work, we summarize the main results obtained so far from this experimental campaign carried out at the Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line facility. The advances introduced for these studies represent the state-of-the-art of our analysis methodology for segmented spectrometers. peerReviewed

spektrometriatutkimuslaitteetspektrometritGeneral Physics and Astronomyydinfysiikka
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Three-dimensional skyrmions in spin-2 Bose–Einstein condensates

2017

We introduce topologically stable three-dimensional skyrmions in the cyclic and biaxial nematic phases of a spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensate. These skyrmions exhibit exceptionally high mapping degrees resulting from the versatile symmetries of the corresponding order parameters. We show how these structures can be created in existing experimental setups and study their temporal evolution and lifetime by numerically solving the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equations for realistic parameter values. Although the biaxial nematic and cyclic phases are observed to be unstable against transition towards the ferromagnetic phase, their lifetimes are long enough for the skyrmions to be imprinted…

spinor condensateSUPERFLUID HE-3Angular momentumSYMMETRYFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyBose-Einstein condensation114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesInstability010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionPHASESKNOTSlaw0103 physical sciencesField theory (psychology)magnetismikvanttifysiikka010306 general physicsVORTICESSpin-½Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsBose–Einstein condensationBiaxial nematicCondensed matter physicsSkyrmionMONOPOLESCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectFIELD-THEORYSymmetry (physics)skyrmionQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesBose–Einstein condensateNew Journal of Physics
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