Search results for "PIO"
showing 10 items of 2238 documents
Ethological analysis of morphine withdrawal with different dependence programs in male mice.
2002
Abstract This work was performed to clarify the differences between a long or short development of morphine dependence as well as between a recently installed or a long-term dependence. Morphine withdrawal in rats is a well-characterized phenomenon but this is not so in mice. A study of the principal withdrawal signs have been performed in mice, evaluating their specificity and particular profile of appearance in each type of dependence. Mice were divided into two groups that received increasing doses of morphine every 24 h, three groups that received increasing doses of morphine twice a day for 3 days, and a control group that received saline. Naloxone-induced opiate withdrawal was evaluat…
Synthetic studies of neoclerodane diterpenoids from Salvia splendens and evaluation of opioid receptor affinity
2008
Abstract Salvinorin A ( 1 ), a neoclerodane diterpene from the hallucinogenic mint Salvia divinorum , is the only known non-nitrogenous and specific κ-opioid agonist. Several structural congeners of 1 isolated from Salvia splendens ( 2 – 8 ) together with a series of semisynthetic derivatives ( 9 – 24 ), some of which possess a pyrazoline structural moiety ( 9 , 19 – 22 ), have been tested for affinity at human μ, δ, and κ opioid receptors. None of these compounds showed high affinity binding to these receptors. However, 10 showed modest affinity for κ receptors suggesting that other natural neoclerodanes from different Salvia species may possess opioid affinity.
Exercise as an Adjuvant Intervention in Opiate Dependence
2013
We read with interest the article by Weinstock et al. in whichthe authors propose exercise as an adjuvant intervention inopiate agonist treatment based on current research findings(1).The use of an opiate agonist, such as buprenorphine, butmainly, methadone, for the treatment of opiate dependenceis currently an effective therapy for this type of addiction.The main benefits of this treatment occur through a relieffrom craving narcotic drugs, a temporally suppression ofwithdrawal symptoms, and by blocking the euphoric effectsof opiates (2). Unfortunately, patients needing treatment foropiatedependenceoftenfaceavarietyofco-occurringissues,suchashepatitisBandCvirusesorhumanimmunodeficiencyvirus (H…
Riscoprire le vecchie scoperte: il sacello presso l’Olympieion di Agrigento
2016
I risultati delle nuove indagini stratigrafiche nel sacello posto a SE del tempio di Zeus Olympios ad Agrigento, condotte da un'equipe dell'Università di Palermo diretta dalla autrici e coinvolgente anche numerosi studenti di Archeologia dell'Ateneo, insieme con lo studio integrato della documentazione d'archivio e dei vecchi scavi, consentono una ricostruzione della storia, della fisionomia e delle pratiche religiose di un edificio rimasto finora di ardua interpretazione, specie in rapporto al monumentale vicino. In particolare, viene confermata la costruzione del sacello verso la metà del VI secolo, ma si definisce una fase di rimodellamento, risalente ai primi decenni del V secolo, finor…
Le ricerche dell'Università di Palermo nel santuario di Zeus Olympios ad Agrigento
2017
Il saggio offre una nuova ricostruzione dello sviluppo monumentale dell’area a Sud del Tempio di Zeus Olympios ad Agrigento (dal pieno VI alla fine del IV-inizi del III sec. a.C.), frutto di una revisione dei dati raccolti nei vecchi scavi e delle acquisizioni dalle nuove indagini condotte nell’area dall’Università di Palermo. L’insieme monumentale così ricostruito nelle sue diverse fasi di vita è inoltre letto in relazione al contesto urbano, ipotizzando una cronologia dell’impianto della città alla piena età arcaica, come indicherebbe l’orientamento del cosiddetto tempietto Gabrici, ben inserito nella griglia urbana e datato nel suo primo impianto alla metà-terzo quarto del VI sec. a.C.
Lo spazio sacro nella parte centro-occidentale della Collina dei templi: infrastrutturazione e contesto
2021
A seguito delle ricerche idell’Università degli studi di Palermo, si propone una nuova lettura d’insieme dell’area sacra situata sul margine meridionale della città di Akragas, finora percepita sostanzialmente attraverso i templi monumentali più noti (Olympieion e cosiddetto Tempio di Ercole) ma in realtà frutto di una complessa sequela di interventi di infrastrutturazione e riconfigurazione monumentale, legati all’evoluzione socio-politica e alla crescita economico-materiale della città dal suo sorgere alla conquista romana. Following research by the University of Palermo, a new overview of the sacred area located on the southern edge of the city of Akragas is proposed, so far perceived su…
Le fortificazioni di Akragas: il settore presso la cosiddetta Porta Aurea
2020
L’identificazione della porta ad mare ferens, ricordata da Livio per le vicende della conquista romana di Agrigento nel 211/0 a.C., ha costituito uno degli argomenti di maggior interesse per gli studiosi della topografia della città, in connessione con la localizzazione dell’agorà-foro e del non lontano tempio di Eracle/Ercole. Nel quindicennio scorso ha prevalso l’ipotesi, avanzata da G. Tripodi nel 2003, che la porta principale di collegamento con la costa sia da ubicare a Est (attuale giardino di Villa Aurea) e non già ad Ovest (sito della cosiddetta Porta Aurea) del Tempio A/ cosiddetto Tempio di Eracle; da ultimo, V. Caminneci e G. Cucchiara hanno invece rivalutato l’importanza anche d…
Il santuario di Zeus Olympios nel quadro urbano dell’antica Akragas
2019
The sanctuary of Zeus Olympios at Agrigento has been not perceived in its entirety till now. As a matter of fact, while the temple attracted the scholars’ interest, due to its outstanding features, the buildings surrounding it were referred to residential (W), military (S) and civic (“agora” E/NE) functions. Besides, a sacellum and a pool on the south-eastern side were attributed to the age of Timoleon, later than the main architectural phase. However, the new stratigraphical data allow us to refer all the structures in the southern area to a coherent building program carried out from 480 to 450 BC Starting from this evidence, the paper aims at redefining the whole context, putting it in ur…
Data from: Moving in the Anthropocene: global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements
2019
Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in areas with a low human footprint. We attribute this reduction to behavioral changes of individual animals and to the exclusion of species with long-range movements from areas with higher human impact. Global loss of vagility alters a key ecological trait of animals that affects no…
Short-term preseasonal birch pollen allergoid immunotherapy influences symptoms, specific nasal provocation and cytokine levels in nasal secretions, …
1999
Backround Birch pollen allergic rhinitis can be sufficiently treated with specific subcutaneous allergoid immunotherapy (IT). However, little is known about the clinical and immunological effects of short-term therapy protocols. Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of a birch pollen allergoid IT using seven preseasonal injections and to evaluate immunological parameters that might explain clinical findings. Methods Thirty-seven patients were included into the study and randomized to either a symptomatic treatment or allergoid IT plus symptomatic treatment. Patients were examined during the pre-IT season, at two extraseasonal visits both before and after IT and during the post-IT s…