Search results for "PIV"
showing 10 items of 376 documents
Symptom severity, infection progression and plant responses in solanum plants caused by three pospiviroids vary with the inoculation procedure
2021
This article belongs to the Section Molecular Plant Sciences.
Hop stunt viroid: A polyphagous pathogenic RNA that has shed light on viroid–host interactions
2021
[Taxonomy]: Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) is the type species of the genus Hostuviroid (family Pospiviroidae). The other species of this genus is Dahlia latent viroid, which presents an identical central conserved region (CCR) but lacks other structural hallmarks present in Hop stunt viroid. HSVd replication occurs in the nucleus through an asymmetric rolling-circle model as in the other members of the family Pospiviroidae, which also includes the genera Pospiviroid, Cocadviroid, Apscaviroid, and Coleoviroid.
Experimental study and numerical simulation of inclined rectangular weirs
2018
Inclined rectangular weirs, also named pivot weirs, are used both to adjust the upstream water level and to increase the flow capacity compared with that of normal rectangular weirs. However, the experimental studies available in the literature present contradictory conclusions for the inclined weir discharge capacity. In this paper, new experimental runs and numerical simulations were performed to investigate the effect of the rectangular weir inclination angle on the stage-discharge formula. The experiments were carried out using inclination angles ranging from 30° to 90°. Buckingham's theorem of dimensional analysis was used to obtain an equation for the flow magnification ratio (the dis…
A Novel Intelligent Technique for Product Acceptance Process Optimization on the Basis of Misclassification Probability in the Case of Log-Location-S…
2019
In this paper, to determine the optimal parameters of the product acceptance process under parametric uncertainty of underlying models, a new intelligent technique for optimization of product acceptance process on the basis of misclassification probability is proposed. It allows one to take into account all possible situations that may occur when it is necessary to optimize the product acceptance process. The technique is based on the pivotal quantity averaging approach (PQAA) which allows one to eliminate the unknown parameters from the problem and to use available statistical information as completely as possible. It is conceptually simple and easy to use. One of the most important featur…
Different rates of spontaneous mutation of chloroplastic and nuclear viroids as determined by high-fidelity ultra-deep sequencing
2017
[EN] Mutation rates vary by orders of magnitude across biological systems, being higher for simpler genomes. The simplest known genomes correspond to viroids, subviral plant replicons constituted by circular non-coding RNAs of few hundred bases. Previous work has revealed an extremely high mutation rate for chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid, a chloroplastreplicating viroid. However, whether this is a general feature of viroids remains unclear. Here, we have used high-fidelity ultra-deep sequencing to determine the mutation rate in a common host (eggplant) of two viroids, each representative of one family: the chloroplastic eggplant latent viroid (ELVd, Avsunviroidae) and the nuclear pot…
Parsimonious Scenario for the Emergence of Viroid-Like Replicons De Novo
2019
This article belongs to the Special Issue Viroid-2018: International Conference on Viroids and Viroid-Like RNAs. Viroids are small, non-coding, circular RNA molecules that infect plants. Different hypotheses for their evolutionary origin have been put forward, such as an early emergence in a precellular RNA World or several de novo independent evolutionary origins in plants. Here, we discuss the plausibility of de novo emergence of viroid-like replicons by giving theoretical support to the likelihood of different steps along a parsimonious evolutionary pathway. While Avsunviroidae-like structures are relatively easy to obtain through evolution of a population of random RNA sequences of fixe…
NNRTI and Liver Damage: Evidence of Their Association and the Mechanisms Involved.
2021
Due to the improved effectiveness and safety of combined antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become a manageable, chronic condition rather than a mortal disease. However, HIV patients are at increased risk of experiencing non-AIDS-defining illnesses, with liver-related injury standing out as one of the leading causes of death among these patients. In addition to more HIV-specific processes, such as antiretroviral drug-related toxicity and direct injury to the liver by the virus itself, its pathogenesis is related to conditions that are also common in the general population, such as alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, and age…
Factors Associated With Weight Gain in People Treated With Dolutegravir.
2020
AbstractBackgroundAn unexpected excess in weight gain has recently been reported in the course of dolutegravir (DTG) treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether weight gain differs among different DTG-containing regimens.MethodsAdult naïve and experienced people with HIV (PWH) initiating DTG-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) between July 2014 and December 2019 in the Surveillance Cohort Long-Term Toxicity Antiretrovirals (SCOLTA) prospective cohort were included. We used an adjusted general linear model to compare weight change among backbone groups and a Cox proportional hazard regression model to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for …
Kuusenmäen "ylhäisemmän" kansakoulun muotoutuminen uuden oppivelvollisuuslain 1921 mukaiseksi kansakouluksi 1921-1939
2013
Tutkielmassa selvitetään, miten Pyhäjärven kunnassa sijainneesta Kuusenmäen ”ylhäisemmästä” kansakoulusta muotoutui uuden oppivelvollisuuslain 1921 mukainen kansakoulu. Tutkimusajanjakso käsittää vuosien 1921 – 1939 välisen ajan, koska tänä aikana tarvittavat sopeuttamistoimenpiteet tehtiin koulun toiminnassa. Tutkielmassa käytetään mikrohistoriallista tarkastelutapaa. Tutkimusaineiston intensiivisellä ja tarkalla analysoinnilla saadaan informaatiota ilmiöstä, jota tarkastellaan. Tilastotietoja analysoitaessa käytetään kvantitatiivista menetelmää. Kolmantena menetelmänä tutkimuksessa käytetään vertailua. Keskeisin tutkimusmateriaali koostuu Kuusenmäen kansakoulua koskevista arkistolähteistä…
Rīgas Tehniskās koledžas laboratoriju darba drošības pasākumu pilnveide
2022
Rīgas Tehniskās koledžas laboratoriju darba drošības pasākumu pilnveide. Darba autore: Zanda Beķe. Darba zinātniskais vadītājs: Dr.ķīm., docents Ingars Reinholds. Darbs izklāstīts uz 44 lpp, ietver 18 attēlus, 1 tabulu, 1 pielikumu, 23 informatīvos avotus. Pētījums sastāv no 3 daļām. Pirmajā daļā ir apkopota un analizēta literatūra par darba aizsardzības sistēmu Latvjā, darba vides iekšējo uzraudzību, kā arī par mācību laboratorijām Latvijā un pasaulē un metodēm darba vides uzlabošanai laboratorijās. Otrajā daļā ir aprakstītas pētījumā pielietotās metodes, bet trešajā daļā ir apkopotas laboratorijas darbinieku atbildes par darba vidi, individuālajiem un kolektīvajiem darba aizsardzības līdz…