Search results for "PLACENTA"
showing 10 items of 153 documents
In situ formation of pyronin dyes for fluorescence protease sensing
2017
International audience; We report a reaction-based strategy for the fluorogenic detection of protease activity. Based on the "covalent-assembly" probe design principle recently put forward by the Yang group for detection of Sarin related threats (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2014, 136, 6594-6597), we have designed two unusual nonfluorescent caged precursors (mixed bis-aryl ethers) which are readily converted into a fluorescent unsymmetrical pyronin dye through a domino cyclisation-aromatisation reaction triggered by penicillin G acylase (PGA) or leucine aminopeptidase (LAP). Fluorescence-based in vitro assays and HPLCfluorescence/- MS analyses support the claimed activation mechanism whose the furthe…
Human amniotic stem cells improve hepatic microvascular dysfunction and portal hypertension in cirrhotic rats
2020
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Portal hypertension is the main consequence of cirrhosis, responsible for the complications defining clinical decompensation. The only cure for decompensated cirrhosis is liver transplantation, but it is a limited resource and opens the possibility of regenerative therapy. We investigated the potential of primary human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stromal (hAMSCs) and epithelial (hAECs) stem cells for the treatment of portal hypertension and decompensated cirrhosis. METHODS In vitro: Primary liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) from cirrhotic rats (chronic CCl4 inhalation) were co-cultured with hAMSCs, hAECs or vehicle for…
Injured Axons Instruct Schwann Cells to Build Constricting Actin Spheres to Accelerate Axonal Disintegration
2019
Summary: After a peripheral nerve lesion, distal ends of injured axons disintegrate into small fragments that are subsequently cleared by Schwann cells and later by macrophages. Axonal debris clearing is an early step of the repair process that facilitates regeneration. We show here that Schwann cells promote distal cut axon disintegration for timely clearing. By combining cell-based and in vivo models of nerve lesion with mouse genetics, we show that this mechanism is induced by distal cut axons, which signal to Schwann cells through PlGF mediating the activation and upregulation of VEGFR1 in Schwann cells. In turn, VEGFR1 activates Pak1, leading to the formation of constricting actomyosin…
Prenatal ambient air pollution exposure, infant growth and placental mitochondrial DNA content in the INMA birth cohort
2017
Background: The association between prenatal air pollution exposure and postnatal growth has hardly been explored. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), as a marker of oxidative stress, and growth at birth can play an intermediate role in this association. Objective: In a subset of the Spanish birth cohort INMA we assessed first whether prenatal nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure is associated with infant growth. Secondly, we evaluated whether growth at birth (length and weight) could play a mediating role in this association. Finally, the mediation role of placental mitochondrial DNA content in this association was assessed. Methods: In 336 INMA children, relative placental mtDNA content was measured. L…
The rat liver foci bioassay: I. Age-dependence of induction by vinyl chloride of ATPase-deficient foci
1985
The age-dependence of the induction of pre-neoplastic enzyme-altered hepatic foci was investigated. Rats were exposed (8 h/day, 7 days/week) to 2000 p.p.m. vinyl chloride (VC) either 'transplacentally' (exposure of pregnant females), or immediately after birth for different time intervals (5, 11, 17, 47, 83 days) or from an age of 7 or 21 days onwards. The animals were then kept without further treatment; livers were evaluated for ATPase-deficient foci at the age of 4 months. 'Transplacental' exposure and exposure from day 1 through 5 caused no increase over controls in ATPase-deficient foci, probably due to the lack of hepatocellular proliferation and the low rate of VC metabolism at this …
Association of placental concentrations of phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals with cognitive functioning in preschool children from the Environm…
2020
Developmental exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and other phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may affect child neurodevelopment, but data on the effects of prenatal exposure to phenols on cognitive function remain sparse. Our aim was to examine the association of placental concentrations of several phenolic EDCs, including BPA, parabens (PBs), and benzophenones (BzPs), with cognitive development in preschool children from the Environment and Childhood (INMA) Project in Spain. Concentrations of BPA, four PBs (methylparaben [MePB], ethylparaben [EtPB], propylparaben [PrPB], and butylparaben [BuPB]), and six BzPs (BzP-1, BzP-2, BzP-3, BzP-6, BzP-8, and 4-hydroxybenzophenone [4-OH-BzP]) …
Murine expression and mutation analyses of the prostate androgen-regulated mucin-like protein 1 (Parm1) gene, a candidate for human epispadias.
2012
Abstract Background Epispadias is the mildest phenotype of the human bladder exstrophy–epispadias complex (BEEC), and presents with varying degrees of severity. This urogenital birth defect results from a disturbance in the septation process, during which separate urogenital and anorectal components are formed through division of the cloaca. This process is reported to be influenced by androgen signaling. The human PARM1 gene encodes the prostate androgen-regulated mucin-like protein 1, which is expressed in heart, kidney, and placenta. Methods We performed whole mount in situ hybridization analysis of Parm1 expression in mouse embryos between gestational days (GD) 9.5 and 12.5, which are e…
Distinct Roles of Classical and Lectin Pathways of Complement in Preeclamptic Placentae
2022
Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by defective vascular remodeling in maternal decidua responsible for reduced blood flow leading to functional and structural alterations in the placenta. We have investigated the contribution of the complement system to decidual vascular changes and showed that trophoblasts surrounding unremodeled vessels prevalent in preeclamptic decidua fail to express C1q that are clearly detected in cells around remodeled vessels predominant in control placenta. The critical role of C1q is supported by the finding that decidual trophoblasts of femaleC1qa-/-pregnant mice mated toC1qa+/+male mice surrounding remodeled vessels express C1q of paternal …
Transplacental permeability of heavy metals in relation to newborn sex - evidence from the neurodevelopment project
2023
Introduction: Gender medicine is an innovative medical approach that studies how some biological variables are influenced by the male or female sex and gender. This issue is under debate because it characterizes the impact of tailored or individual medicine. In this scenario, the aim of this study is to study the correlation between heavy metal exposure and pathologies of neurodevelopment, according to the sex of newborns. In particular, this is an observational study under the name of the Neurosviluppo Project, involving 217 mother-child couples. Material and methods: The correlation with phenotype small for gestational age and congenital malformations were studied, but above all we focuse…
Is it possible to predict late antepartum stillbirth by means of cerebroplacental ratio and maternal characteristics?
2019
Objective: To examine the potential value of fetal ultrasound and maternal characteristics in the prediction of antepartum stillbirth after 32 weeks’ gestation. Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study in Spain. In 29 pregnancies, umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA PI), middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCA PI), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), estimated fetal weight (EFW), and maternal characteristics were recorded within 15 days prior to a stillbirth. The values of UA PI, MCA PI, and CPR were converted into multiples of the normal median (MoM) for gestational age and the EFW was expressed as percentile according to a Spanish reference range for gestational age. Data fr…