Search results for "PLASMA"

showing 10 items of 4043 documents

Contagion in Bitcoin Networks

2019

12 pages, 6 figures. Paper accepted in 2nd Workshop on Blockchain and Smart Contract Technologies (BSCT 2019), workshop satellite of 22nd International Conference on Business Information Systems (BIS 2019); International audience; We construct the Google matrices of bitcoin transactions for all year quarters during the period of January 11, 2009 till April 10, 2013. During the last quarters the network size contains about 6 million users (nodes) with about 150 million transactions. From PageRank and CheiRank probabilities, analogous to trade import and export, we determine the dimensionless trade balance of each user and model the contagion propagation on the network assuming that a user go…

CheiRankGoogle matrixMarkov chain[QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]Financial networksComputer science[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SOC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Physics and Society [physics.soc-ph]Balance of trade01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionPageRankBankruptcylaw0103 physical sciencesHouse of cardsEconometrics010306 general physics[QFIN.TR]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Trading and Market Microstructure [q-fin.TR]ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Novel Version of PageRank, CheiRank and 2DRank for Wikipedia in Multilingual Network Using Social Impact

2020

International audience; Nowadays, information describing navigation behaviour of internet users are used in several fields, e-commerce, economy, sociology and data science. Such information can be extracted from different knowledge bases, including business-oriented ones. In this paper, we propose a new model for the PageRank, CheiRank and 2DRank algorithm based on the use of clickstream and pageviews data in the google matrix construction. We used data from Wikipedia and analysed links between over 20 million articles from 11 language editions. We extracted over 1.4 billion source-destination pairs of articles from SQL dumps and more than 700 million pairs from XML dumps. Additionally, we …

CheiRankPageRankSQLComputer sciencecomputer.internet_protocol01 natural sciences[INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI]010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionCheiRankPageRanklaw0103 physical sciencesCentrality measures010306 general physicsClickstreamcomputer.programming_languageInformation retrievalGoogle matrixGoogle matrixPageviewsSocial impactPage viewcomputerClickstreamXMLWikipedia
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Albumin binding and hydrophobic character of promazine and chlorpromazine metabolites.

1972

1. The binding of didesmethylpromazine, promazine N-oxide, 2-hydroxypromazine, promazine sulfoxide, monodesmethylpromazine sulfoxide, didesmethylchlorpromazine, chlorpromazine N-oxide, and chlorpromazine sulfoxide to bovine serum albumin was determined by means of sephadex gel filtration. 2. The albumin binding of these substances was characterized by the following parameters: the percentage α of free substance, the percentage β of bound substance, the binding constants K1, k+ and m, the number of binding sites per albumin molecule, and the free binding energy ΔFo. 3. The partition coefficients between n-octanol and buffer solution, pH 7.40, were measured for the above mentioned metabolites…

Chemical PhenomenaChlorpromazineStatistics as TopicPlasma protein bindingchemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineAnimalsBovine serum albuminChlorpromazinePromazinePromazinePharmacologyChromatographyBinding SitesbiologyAlbuminSulfoxideSerum Albumin BovineGeneral MedicineBuffer solutionChemistrychemistrySolubilitySephadexSulfoxidesbiology.proteinChromatography GelCattleNitrogen OxidesChlorinemedicine.drugProtein BindingNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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HfF+ as a candidate to search for the nuclear weak quadrupole moment

2018

Nuclei with a quadrupole deformation, such as $^{177}\mathrm{Hf}$ have enhanced weak quadrupole moment which induces the tensor weak electron-nucleus interaction in atoms and molecules. Corresponding parity-non-conserving (PNC) effect is strongly enhanced in the ${}^{3}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}_{1}$ electronic state of the $^{177}\mathrm{HfF}^{+}$ cation which has very close opposite parity levels mixed by this tensor interaction. In the present paper we perform relativistic many-body calculations of this PNC effect. It is shown that the tensor weak interaction induced by the weak quadrupole moment gives the dominating contribution to the PNC effects in $^{177}\mathrm{HfF}^{+}$ which s…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Nuclear TheoryAtoms in moleculesFOS: Physical sciencesParity (physics)Weak interaction01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesQuadrupoleNeutronPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physics010306 general physicsPhysical Review A
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Overview of the JET results

2015

Since the installation of an ITER-like wall, the JET programme has focused on the consolidation of ITER design choices and the preparation for ITER operation, with a specific emphasis given to the bulk tungsten melt experiment, which has been crucial for the final decision on the material choice for the day-one tungsten divertor in ITER. Integrated scenarios have been progressed with the re-establishment of long-pulse, high-confinement H-modes by optimizing the magnetic configuration and the use of ICRH to avoid tungsten impurity accumulation. Stationary discharges with detached divertor conditions and small edge localized modes have been demonstrated by nitrogen seeding. The differences in…

Chemical analysiMagnetic confinementEdge localized modeTokamak:Física [Ciências exactas e naturais]Nuclear engineeringplasma-facing componentsTungsten7. Clean energyiter-like walllaw.inventionheat loadsAlcator C-ModlawPlasma-facing componentalcator C-MODQCPhysicsJet (fluid)Thermally activatedDivertormagnetic confinementMagnetic confinement fusionTokamak deviceerosionCondensed Matter PhysicsChemical erosionPost mortem analysiCondensed Matter Physics; Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsBerylliumAtomic physicstokamaksTokamaksNuclear and High Energy Physicschemistry.chemical_elementImpurity accumulationCondensed Matter PhysicNuclear and High Energy Physics; Condensed Matter PhysicsTungstenFísica Física:Physical sciences [Natural sciences]divertorNuclear fusionNuclear and High Energy PhysicPhysics Physical sciencesGas fuel analysifuel retentionSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)operationOrders of magnitudechemistryJETtransportMagnetic configuration
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Internal ion impact ionization for Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance

1994

A general scheme for ionization and fragmentation of ions in Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICRMS) is introduced. The technique is based upon excitation of high-frequency (i.e. lowmass) primary ions (e.g. N, Al+, H2O+·) which may be generated by standard ionization methods (e.g. electron ionization or laser desorption) inside the trap. Generation of the primary ions is followed by excitation of their cyclotron motion to high translational energy to serve as projectile ions. The projectiles serve two functions: to ionize neutral gas atoms and/or molecules (secondary ions) within the trap internal ion impact ionization (IIII), and to collisionally activate the…

Chemical ionizationChemistryOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistryThermal ionizationFourier transform ion cyclotron resonanceIon sourceAnalytical ChemistryAtmospheric-pressure laser ionizationPhysics::Plasma PhysicsIonizationAtomic physicsSpectroscopyElectron ionizationIon cyclotron resonanceRapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
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Low temperature plasma treatment of monomolecular Langmuir-Blodgett films

1993

Abstract The structure of the surface layer of materials is usually quite different from the bulk. Detailed information about the surface structure is often not available. This, together with the complex nature of low temperature plasma treatment, hinders the investigations of plasma chemical processes on solid surfaces. Monomolecular Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) structures offer a unique opportunity to prepare model surfaces with known thickness and molecular architecture. From the data obtained, the depth of the Ar plasma influence on solid organic surfaces was estimated to be about 400–1000 A depending on the nature of the surface layer. An oxygen plasma penetrates deeper with a penetration li…

Chemical processChemistryMetals and AlloysAnalytical chemistrySurfaces and InterfacesPlasmaPenetration (firestop)Langmuir–Blodgett filmSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMetalChemical engineeringvisual_artMonolayerMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSurface layerThermostabilityThin Solid Films
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A critical analysis of the cold plasma induced lipid oxidation in foods

2018

Abstract Background Cold plasma is an emerging, economical and environment-friendly technology with potential applications in food and bioprocessing industry, including microbial decontamination, enzyme inactivation, shelf-life extension, and physicochemical modification. These advantages stem from the cocktail of reactive species and the physical processes that are associated with gaseous electrical discharges. However, when oxygen is present as a component of the gas in which plasma discharges are made, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) could result in decreased food quality. The lipids oxidation induced by an oxygen-containing cold plasma process can eventually affect the acceptability a…

Chemistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food scienceProcess conditions0404 agricultural biotechnologyLipid oxidationPlasma technologyFood materialFood scienceBioprocessMicrobial decontaminationFood qualityPractical implicationsFood ScienceBiotechnologyTrends in Food Science & Technology
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Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS)-Assisted Synthesis and Thermoelectric Characterization of Magnéli Phase V6O11

2018

The Magneli phase V6O11 was synthesized in gram amounts from a powder mixture of V6O11/V7O13 and vanadium metal, using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Its structure was determined with synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data from a phase-pure sample synthesized by conventional solid-state synthesis. A special feature of Magneli-type oxides is a combination of crystallographic shear and intrinsic disorder that leads to relatively low lattice thermal conductivities. SPS prepared V6O11 has a relatively low thermal conductivity of κ = 2.72 ± 0.06 W (m K)-1 while being a n-type conductor with an electrical conductivity of σ = 0.039 ± 0.005 (μΩ m)-1, a Seebeck coefficient of α = -(3…

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryVanadiumchemistry.chemical_elementSpark plasma sintering02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryThermal conductivityElectrical resistivity and conductivitySeebeck coefficientThermoelectric effectPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyPowder diffractionPowder mixtureInorganic Chemistry
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Studies of electron heating on a 6.4 GHz ECR ion source through measurement of diamagnetic current and plasma bremsstrahlung

2011

Diamagnetic current and low energy (2–70 keV) x-ray bremsstrahlung measurements taken on a 6.4 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) are presented as a function of microwave power, neutral gas pressure and magnetic field configuration. X-ray flux from confined electrons and plasma energy density depend logarithmically on microwave power. This result differs from previous studies performed on ECRISs that operate at higher microwave frequencies, in which the x-ray power increases in an essentially linear fashion with the microwave power. X-ray power and plasma energy density both saturate as the neutral pressure is increased beyond a certain value. The gradient of the magnetic f…

ChemistryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaBremsstrahlungFaraday cupIon currentElectronPlasmaCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron cyclotron resonanceIon sourcesymbols.namesakesymbolsAtomic physicsMicrowavePlasma Sources Science and Technology
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