Search results for "PLE"
showing 10 items of 22773 documents
The rodent tibia fracture model: A critical review and comparison with the complex regional pain syndrome literature
2018
Abstract Distal limb fracture is the most common cause of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), thus the rodent tibia fracture model (TFM) was developed to study CRPS pathogenesis. This comprehensive review summarizes the published TFM research and compares these experimental results with the CRPS literature. The TFM generated spontaneous and evoked pain behaviors, inflammatory symptoms (edema, warmth), and trophic changes (skin thickening, osteoporosis) resembling symptoms in early CRPS. Neuropeptides, inflammatory cytokines, and nerve growth factor (NGF) have been linked to pain behaviors, inflammation, and trophic changes in the TFM model and proliferating keratinocytes were identified …
Encapsulation of Vitamins A and E as Spray-Dried Additives for the Feed Industry
2020
Encapsulated fat-soluble powders containing vitamin A (VA) and E (VE) were prepared as a feasible additive for extruded feed products. The effect of the encapsulating agents (Capsul-CAP®
Cytotoxicity of natural products and derivatives toward MCF-7 cell monolayers and cancer stem-like mammospheres
2015
Abstract Although cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are rare, they can enter a non-proliferative or dormant state and resist therapy. Furthermore, quiescent CSCs are responsible for metastases that can appear after curative surgical treatment of a primary tumor. Because of drug resistance of CSCs, the development of novel therapies is urgently required that specifically target CSCs. Purpose The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of a panel of natural products and derivatives to inhibit CSC-enriched mammospheres of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Methods CD44high/CD24low cells were identified by flow cytometry and maintained as mammospheres. As a control, we used two clinically…
Absence of the lactase-persistence-associated allele in early Neolithic Europeans.
2007
Lactase persistence (LP), the dominant Mendelian trait conferring the ability to digest the milk sugar lactose in adults, has risen to high frequency in central and northern Europeans in the last 20,000 years. This trait is likely to have conferred a selective advantage in individuals who consume appreciable amounts of unfermented milk. Some have argued for the “culture-historical hypothesis,” whereby LP alleles were rare until the advent of dairying early in the Neolithic but then rose rapidly in frequency under natural selection. Others favor the “reverse cause hypothesis,” whereby dairying was adopted in populations with preadaptive high LP allele frequencies. Analysis based on the cons…
Differential expression of mRNA encoding interleukin-12 p35 and p40 subunitsin situ
1994
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric cytokine that plays an important role in the regulation of the immune response. For biological activity the expression of both subunits of IL-12, p35 and p40, is required. Moreover, in the mouse the p40 chain of IL-12 specifically inhibits the effects of the IL-12 heterodimer. In the present study we have analyzed by in situ hybridization the expression of the p35 and p40 mRNA in the spleens of BALB/c and mutant (SCID, nude, beige) mice, unstimulated and after in vivo stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and with staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). In unstimulated spleens of BALB/c mice p35 and p40 mRNA were only detectable in a few strongly st…
Characterization of the Adjuvant Effect of IL-12 and Efficacy of IL-12 Inhibitors in Type II Collagen-Induced Arthritis
1996
A destructive joint disease can be induced in susceptible DBA/1 mice by immunization with type II collagen emulsified with oil and either killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis or IL-12 as adjuvant. Cellular and humoral anti-collagen immune mechanisms appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis. We have characterized the adjuvant effect or IL-12 in more detail and addressed the question whether mycobacteria might act via the induction of endogenous IL-12. Injections of IL-12 into collagen-immunized DBA/1 mice promoted the development of IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ T cells and strongly upregulated the production of complement-fixing IgG2a and IgG2b antibodies resulting in severe arthritis…
C5a complement and cytokine signaling mediate the pronociceptive effects of complex regional pain syndrome patient IgM in fracture mice.
2020
It has been proposed that complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a posttraumatic autoimmune disease. Previously, we observed that B cells contribute to CRPS-like changes in a mouse tibia fracture model, and that early (12 months duration) CRPS patient IgM antibodies have pronociceptive effects in the skin and spinal cord of muMT fracture mice lacking B cells. The current study evaluated the pronociceptive effects of intraplantar or intrathecal injections of early CRPS IgM (5 µg) in muMT fracture mice. Skin and lumbar spinal cord were collected for immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction analyses. Wild-type mice exhibited postfracture increases in complement component C5a and it…
Mediju lietojuma paradumi un motivācija pusaudžu auditorijā Rīgas vidusskolās
2018
Bakalaura darba “Mediju lietojuma paradumi un motivācija pusaudžu auditorijā Rīgas vidusskolās” pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot un atspoguļot jauniešu, vecumā no 16 līdz 19 gadiem, mediju lietojumu, motivācijas iezīmes, salīdzinot jauno un tradicionālo mediju attīstību no respondentu patēriņu paradumu aspekta. Darbs balstīts uz četrām galvenajām nodaļām – teorētisko, metodoloģisko, empīrisko un secinājumu. Teorētiskā bāze tiek koncentrēta uz mediju vides un jauniešu auditorijas raksturojumu, kas izgūts no pēdējā laikā publicētās literatūras izkonspektētā, kā arī vairāku pētījumu apkopojumiem. Tāpat darbā tiek koplietoti zinātnieku, universitātes profesoru un mediju ekspertu pieņēmumi saistībā…
El pago único de la prestación por desempleo como medio de financiación inicial de las empresas de Economía Social en España
2018
El Real Decreto 1044/85, de 19 de junio, configura la prestación por desempleo mediante pago único como un instrumento para el fomento del empleo. Desde entonces ha sido la base sobre la que se han desarrollado numerosas iniciativas empresariales dentro y fuera de la Economía Social.
 La trascendencia de esta modalidad de prestación para la Economía Social radica, además de en la reducción de la dificultad de financiación, quizás común en todas las figuras empresariales, en el hecho de que estas organizaciones pueden generar mayores efectos en el empleo que el resto. Es por ello por lo que se va a analizar la repercusión de dicha prestación en las empresas de economía social, más concr…
Les Agències de Col·locació dins del model vigent d'intermediació Laboral. Una aproximació al paper que desenvolupen a les zones rurals: el cas de la…
2014
Des de principis dels anys setanta, i de forma cíclica i fluctuant, l'atur s'ha erigit com el principal problema socioeconòmic a l'Estat espanyol. La virulència de la recessió i crisi econòmica iniciada a finals del 2007 ha obert un periode de forta destrucció d'ocupació i de nombrosos tancaments d'empreses, generant grans impactes en la vida de les persones i en el funcionament de l'economia i la societat. La magnitud d'aquesta problemàtica ha sobrepassat amb escreix la capacitat de resposta dels governs i dels serveis públics i privats d'ocupació. A més, el mercat de treball, per ell mateix, ha demostrat no ser suficientment eficaç a l'hora d'aconseguir uns majors nivells d'ocupació, i co…