Search results for "POLARIZATION"

showing 10 items of 1884 documents

Spin Density Distribution in Transition Metal Complexes: Some Thoughts and Hints

1998

Abstract The spin density distribution in transition metal complexes is discussed in qualitative terms, taking into account the coexistence of spin delocalization and spin polarization mechanisms, with the help of numerical results for several complexes obtained from density functional calculations. The covalent character of the metal-ligand bonds as well as the σ- or π-characteristics of the partially filled d orbitals must be taken into account to qualitatively predict the sign of the spin density at a particular atom within a ligand. The same patterns can be applied to binuclear complexes and can be helpful in determining the ferro- or antiferromagnetic character of the exchange coupling…

Inorganic ChemistryLigand field theoryDelocalized electronCondensed matter physicsAtomic orbitalSpin statesSpin polarizationTransition metalChemistryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsMolecular orbitalSpin-½Comments on Inorganic Chemistry
researchProduct

High-Nuclearity Magnetic Clusters: Generalized Spin Hamiltonian and Its Use for the Calculation of the Energy Levels, Bulk Magnetic Properties, and I…

2001

A general solution of the exchange problem in the high-nuclearity spin clusters (HNSC) containing arbitrary number of exchange-coupled centers and topology is developed. All constituent magnetic centers are supposed to possess well-isolated orbitally non-degenerate ground states so that the isotropic Heisenberg-Dirac-Van Vleck (HDVV) term is the leading part of the exchange spin Hamiltonian. Along with the HDVV term, we consider higher-order isotropic exchange terms (biquadratic exchange), as well as the anisotropic terms (anisotropic and antisymmetric exchange interactions and local single-ion anisotropies). All these terms are expressed as irreducible tensor operators (ITO). This allows u…

Inorganic ChemistryPhysicsMagnetizationAntisymmetric exchangeSpin statesCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationDiamagnetismPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMagnetic susceptibilityInelastic neutron scatteringSpin-½Inorganic Chemistry
researchProduct

Magnetic and Structural Properties of Heusler Compounds with 27.8 Valence Electrons 

2010

Co2-based Heusler compounds with 27.8 valence electrons exhibit an exceptional electronic structure that makes them interesting materials for the application in spintronics. Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al is the most prominent example of this particular family of compounds. In this article new materials of this class are tested with respect to their structural and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction, Mossbauer spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and SQUID magnetometry were carried out to characterize the compounds. The use of Co2Fe0.45Ti0.55Ge as a new material in spintronic devices is suggested.

Inorganic ChemistrySQUIDSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationChemistrylawMagnetometerElectronic structureHalf-metalValence electronSpectroscopylaw.inventionZeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie
researchProduct

Three-dimensional polarimetric computational integral imaging

2012

In this paper, we propose a novel 3D polarimetric computational integral imaging system by using polarization diversity of objects under natural illumination conditions. In the system, the measured Stokes polarization parameters are utilized to generate degree of polarization images of a 3D scene. Based on degree of polarization images and original 2D images, we utilize a modified computational reconstruction method to perform 3D polarimetric image reconstruction. The system may be used to detect or classify objects with distinct polarization signatures in 3D space. Experimental results also show the proposed system may mitigate the effect of occlusion in 3D reconstruction.

Integral imagingComputer sciencebusiness.industry3D reconstructionPolarimetryIterative reconstructionPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionDegree of polarizationImage sensorbusinessCircular polarizationOptics Express
researchProduct

Joint Distribution of Polarization-Multiplexed UWB and WiMAX Radio in PON

2009

[EN] In this paper, the feasibility of the joint distribution of ultra-wideband (UWB) and WIMAX wireless using polarization multiplexing as a coexistence technique is proposed and experimentally demonstrated within the framework of passive optical networks (PON). Four single- and orthogonal-polarization multiplexing schemes are studied targeting to reduce the mutual interference when UWB and WiMAX are distributed jointly through standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) without transmission impairments compensation techniques and amplification. Experimental results indicate successful transmission up to 25 km, in SSMF exceeding the range in typical PON deployments. The radio link penalty introduced…

Integrated optical-wireless accessEngineeringH600WiMAX radioUltra-widebandRadio-over-fiber02 engineering and technologyPolarization-division multiplexingPassive optical networkMultiplexingTelecomunicacióOptical fiber communication020210 optoelectronics & photonicsRadio over fiberTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONES0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringComunicació i tecnologiaUltra-wideband radiobusiness.industryPolarization division multiplexing020206 networking & telecommunicationsWiMAXAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsbusinessData transmissionFree-space optical communication
researchProduct

Wannier90 as a community code: new features and applications

2019

Wannier90 is an open-source computer program for calculating maximally-localised Wannier functions (MLWFs) from a set of Bloch states. It is interfaced to many widely used electronic-structure codes thanks to its independence from the basis sets representing these Bloch states. In the past few years the development of Wannier90 has transitioned to a community-driven model; this has resulted in a number of new developments that have been recently released in Wannier90 v3.0. In this article we describe these new functionalities, that include the implementation of new features for wannierisation and disentanglement (symmetry-adapted Wannier functions, selectively-localised Wannier functions, s…

Interface (Java)02 engineering and technologysemiconductors01 natural sciencesGeneral Materials Sciencefieldslocal orbitalCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceUnit testingComputer programBasis (linear algebra)electronstooldynamicsComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsspin polarizationreal-space methods[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]0210 nano-technologyPhysics - Computational PhysicspseudopotentialsconstructionMaterials sciencelocal orbitalsFluids & Plasmasreal-space method0204 Condensed Matter PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesComputational sciencecrystalSet (abstract data type)band structure interpolation0103 physical sciencesddc:530Wannier function010306 general physics0912 Materials Engineeringdensity-functional theoryWannier orbitalWannier function1007 Nanotechnologybusiness.industrywannier orbitalsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Usabilitywannier functionsWannier functions; band structure interpolation; local orbitals; real-space methods; electronic structure; Wannier orbitals; density-functional theoryelectronic structureAutomationtotal-energy calculationsbusiness
researchProduct

Variability and polarization in the inner jet of 3C 395

2001

We present new results on the parsec-scale jet of the quasar 3C395, derived from VLBI polarization sensitive observations made in 1995.91 and 1998.50 at 8.4, 15.4 and 22.2 GHz. The observations show a complex one-sided jet extending up to 20 mas, with a projected magnetic field essentially aligned with the radio jet. The emission is strongly dominated, in total intensity and polarization, by the core and the inner jet region (of ~3 mas length). We have studied the details of this dominant region finding clear structural variations during this ~2.5 years period, in contrast with the apparent quietness of the jet structure inferred from lower resolution VLBI observations. We observe the eject…

InterferometricAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAsymbols.namesakeFaraday effectVery-long-baseline interferometryJetsPhysicsIndividual galaxiesAstrophysics (astro-ph)Active Galaxies ; Individual galaxies ; 3C 395 ; Jets ; Radio continuum ; InterferometricAstronomy and AstrophysicsQuasarPolarization (waves):ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]Magnetic fieldRadio continuumPolarization sensitiveSpace and Planetary Science3C 395symbolsDegree of polarizationUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogoniaActive Galaxies:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
researchProduct

Space charge effect on competitive ion transport through ion-exchange membranes

2002

A mathematical model of the competitive electro-transport of two counter-ions through an ion exchange membrane based on the Nernst-Planck and Poisson equations is developed. A three-layer system is considered: the membrane and two adjacent diffusion layers. Concentration profiles in the three layers, effective transport numbers as functions of the current and current-voltage characteristics are calculated. Deviation from the local electroneutrality in space charge region near the depleted solution/membrane interface is taken into account. It is shown that the space charge region grows with the voltage applied. However the fluxes of the competitive counter-ions at over-limiting currents are …

Ion exchangeChemistryMechanical EngineeringGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistrySpace chargeQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorDiffusion layerMembraneDepletion regionChemical physicsGeneral Materials ScienceDiffusion (business)Ion transporterWater Science and TechnologyConcentration polarizationDesalination
researchProduct

Higher-order polarizations on the Virasoro group and anomalies

1991

In a previous paper the authors showed that the space of (first order) polarized functions on the Virasoro group is not, in general, irreducible. The full reduction was explicitly achieved by taking the orbit of the enveloping algebra through the vacuum. This additional step provided the proper quantization in the “strong-coupling” domain 0<c≦1. In this paper we introduce the concept of “higher order polarization” as a generalization of that of polarization. We prove that the imposing of the additional (higher-order) polarization conditions is equivalent to the taking of the above-mentioned orbit. This demonstrates that the generalized (higher-order) polarization conditions suffice to obtai…

IsotropyMathematical analysisComplex systemHilbert spaceStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsPolarization (waves)First ordersymbols.namesakesymbolsStrong couplingMathematical PhysicsMathematicsSymplectic manifoldMathematical physicsCommunications in Mathematical Physics
researchProduct

Field-free two-direction alignment alternation of linear molecules by elliptic laser pulses

2005

We show that a linear molecule subjected to a short specific elliptically polarized laser field yields postpulse revivals exhibiting alignment alternatively located along the orthogonal axis and the major axis of the ellipse. The effect is experimentally demonstrated by measuring the optical Kerr effect along two different axes. The conditions ensuring an optimal field-free alternation of high alignments along both directions are derived.

Kerr effectI-2 MOLECULESField (physics)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesLinear molecular geometry02 engineering and technologyElliptical polarizationEllipse01 natural scienceslaw.inventionOpticsREVIVAL STRUCTURESlaw0103 physical sciencesOPTICAL CENTRIFUGEAlternation (formal language theory)010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum Physicsbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserOrthogonal coordinates0210 nano-technologybusinessQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
researchProduct