Search results for "POLARIZATION"

showing 10 items of 1884 documents

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

2019

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) represents a valuable neurophysiological technique useful for both research and clinical practice purposes [1]. TMS acts by inducing electrical fields which cause electric currents to flow in targeted cortical areas. These currents interact with the electrical activity of the brain and can depolarize cortical interneurons and/or projection neurons depending on the characteristics of the stimulation. The induced excitation can spread throughout the nervous system by the brain’s normal mechanisms of propagation of neuronal signals. In this way, TMS can also induce functional changes in areas remote to the stimulated cortical area, including both functio…

Nervous systembusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentContralateral hemisphereStimulationDepolarizationNeurophysiologyClinical PracticeTranscranial magnetic stimulationmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemmedicinebusinessNeuroscience
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Model predictions of the ionic mechanisms underlying the beating and bursting pacemaker characteristics of molluscan neurons

1976

The general properties of the excitable membrane on molluscan pacemaker neurons can be described on the basis of a fair amount of experimental evidence available in the literature. The neuronal membrane exhibits under voltage clamp an initial inward current carried by both Na+ and Ca2+ ions, the time- and voltage-dependent characteristics of which are similar to that of other excitable structures. The conductance mechanism for the two ion species and the transport kinetics appear to be closely similar. The time course and amplitude of the delayed outward current carried by K+ ions shows a marked dependence on the membrane potential. Characteristic for the molluscan neurons is the existence …

NeuronsMembrane potentialPhysicsCardiac transient outward potassium currentGeneral Computer ScienceVoltage clampModels NeurologicalSnailsElectric ConductivityAction PotentialsConductanceCations MonovalentHyperpolarization (biology)BurstingPacemaker potentialAmplitudeElectronic engineeringBiophysicsAnimalsBiotechnologyBiological Cybernetics
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Coupling of electrochemical, electrogravimetric and surface analysis techniques to study dithiocarbamate/bronze interactions in chloride media

2018

International audience; Interaction between ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) and bronze in 30 g L-1 NaCl was investigated at several concentrations between 0.1 and 10 mM by means of various electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Electrochemical measurements revealed a fast adsorption process of PDTC on Cu and Pb and the formation of a thick insulating and protective film with a high surface coverage. At high concentrations, PDTC prevents oxides formation. Surface analyses confirm PDTC adsorption on bronze mainly via interaction between sulphur atoms and Cu sites to form Cu I-PDTC complex.

Neutral inhibitionMaterials science020209 energyGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistry02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialElectrochemistryChlorideCorrosionAdsorptionX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyPolarizationXPS0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicine[CHIM]Chemical SciencesGeneral Materials ScienceBronzePolarization (electrochemistry)Dithiocarbamatechemistry.chemical_classificationEISGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBronzechemistryRaman spectroscopyengineering0210 nano-technologymedicine.drugCorrosion Science
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Dynamic nuclear polarisation of biological matter

1986

Polarised targets as used in high energy physics experiments may be of considerable interest in biological structure research using polarized neutrons. So far, this promising method has been facing difficulties in getting reasonable polarization of the target nuclei. We report on a polarized "frozen spin" target which has been prepared from an enzyme dissolved in a mixture of heavy water and deuterated propanediol doped with a completely deuterated paramagnetic radical. Clusters of 700 protons defined by the structure of lysozyme embedded in a fully deuterated matrix were polarized to 75% within an hour by 4 mm microwave irradiation in a magnetic field of 2.5 tesla at a temperature of 0.3 K…

NeutronsHeavy waterMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyDynamic nuclear polarisationElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyBiophysicsGeneral MedicinePolarization (waves)Biophysical PhenomenaMagnetic fieldchemistry.chemical_compoundParamagnetismDeuteriumchemistrySpin diffusionScattering RadiationNeutronProtonsAtomic physicsMicrowavesPolarographyEuropean Biophysics Journal
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Phosphorescence emission and polarization of quinoline 3-carbonitrile

1993

Abstract The phosphorescence emission and excitation spectra and their polarization have been studied for quinoline 3-carbonitrile in methylcyclohexane and ethanol glasses at 77 K. From the results obtained in this molecule (τ=1.15 sec in ethanol, τ=1.04 sec in methylcyclohexane and out-of-plane polarization) it is concluded that the emission is orginated from a triplet state of 3 ππ * character. The two major spin-orbit coupling mechanisms through which the ππ * state of quinoline 3-carbonitrile acquires dipole-allowed character via nπ * states are: 1. In ethanol glass: 2. In methylcyclohexane glass:

NitrileOrganic ChemistryQuinolinePhotochemistryAnalytical ChemistryInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMoleculeEmission spectrumMethylcyclohexaneTriplet statePolarization (electrochemistry)PhosphorescenceSpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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"Table 3" of "Measurement of the transverse polarization of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ hyperons produced in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=…

2015

Transverse polarization POL of LAMBDA and LAMBDABAR hyperons as a function of PT.

Nonlinear Sciences::Chaotic DynamicsPOLInclusiveProton-Proton ScatteringStrange productionPolarizationHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear Theory7000.0High Energy Physics::ExperimentP P --> LAMBDA XNuclear Experiment
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"Table 2" of "Measurement of the transverse polarization of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ hyperons produced in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=…

2015

Transverse polarization POL of LAMBDA and LAMBDABAR hyperons as a function of XF.

Nonlinear Sciences::Chaotic DynamicsPOLInclusiveProton-Proton ScatteringStrange productionPolarizationHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear Theory7000.0High Energy Physics::ExperimentP P --> LAMBDA XNuclear Experiment
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Polarization attraction using counter-propagating waves in optical fiber at telecommunication wavelengths

2008

International audience; In this work, we report the experimental observation of a polarization attraction process which can occur in optical fibers at telecommunication wavelengths. More precisely, we have numerically and experimentally shown that a polarization attractor, based on the injection of two counter-propagating waves around 1.55 mu m into a 2-m long high nonlinear fiber, can transform any input polarization state into a unique well-defined output polarization state.

Nonlinear opticsPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technologyfibers01 natural sciencesNonlinear optical devices010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsPolarization0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFiber Optic TechnologyComputer SimulationOptical FibersCircular polarizationPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Polarization rotatorbusiness.industrySingle-mode optical fiberSignal Processing Computer-AssistedPolarization (waves)Optical FiberAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNonlinear DynamicsCross-polarized wave generationPolarization mode dispersionTelecommunicationsOptical TelecommunicationbusinessTelecommunicationsPhotonic-crystal fiberOptics Express
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Q-switched mode locking noise-like pulse generation from a thulium-doped all-fiber laser based on nonlinear polarization rotation

2021

Abstract Q-switched mode locking (QML) noise-like pulse (NLP) emission from an all-fiber thulium-doped laser based on the nonlinear polarization rotation effect is reported. The QML emission is obtained in a cavity with net anomalous dispersion in a pump power interval in between the CW laser threshold and the threshold of the NLP regime. Highest-energy QML pulses were observed with a repetition rate of 812 kHz with a pump power of 520 mW at the optical wavelength of 1881.09 nm. A maximum overall energy of 460 nJ at an average output power of 6.4 mW was reached, which corresponds to a burst of mode-locked noise-like sub-pulses with 8.7 ns of pulse duration within a QML envelope of 11 µs. Th…

Nonlinear polarization rotationPhysicsQ-switched mode lockingbusiness.industryPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementPulse durationThulium-doped fiber lasersQC350-467Optics. LightÒpticaLaserNoise (electronics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPulse (physics)law.inventionThuliumOpticschemistryMode-lockinglawFiber laserbusinessEnvelope (waves)Results in Optics
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All-fiber based chaotic polarization scrambler

2014

We present a fiber-based polarization scrambler founded on the nonlinear interaction between a signal and its backward replica generated and amplified by a reflective loop. The output polarization dynamic turns out to be chaotic.

Nonlinear systemOpticsMaterials sciencePolarization rotatorComputer simulationbusiness.industryPolarization mode dispersionReplicaChaoticbusinessPolarization (waves)ScramblerAdvanced Photonics
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