Search results for "POWER"

Biais de discrimination et statut social : une étude de terrain sur les relations intergroupes

2006

International audience; This study concerns discrimination bias in relations between work groups. As new developments in categorisation theory have shown, several factors modulate the effects of inter-group categorisation. Among these, status is viewed as introducing conflict between groups. We studied the impact of this factor in a work situation where status was not linked to power, choosing a firm in which relations between groups were conflict provoking. Three work groups within the same mobile phone firm were selected on the basis of their status : the ''Hard'' group, considered as high status in relation to the low status ''Administration'' group, and the ''Production'' group with an …

Role of Foreseeability in Imposition of Civil Liability

2021

The purpose of this article is to offer an insight into the role of foreseeability in imposition of civil liability. The article contains analysis of the principle of foresee­ability from various points of view, for example, by analysing it from the perspective of the general (fault-based) model of liability as well of the strict liability. Likewise, the article analysis the role of foreseeability during determination of preconditions to civil liability, for example, by introducing it into the concepts of “fault” and “causation”. The aspects referred to in this article are predominantly analysed from the theoretical perspective. The article references various legal sources from different co…

Electrosynthesis and electrochemistry

2015

Since the pioneering work of Kolbe, electrochemistry and electrosynthetic methods have been a part of the repertoire of the organic synthesis toolbox [1–2]. In general, only electrons are employed as reagents or the reagents are electrochemically regenerated. Consequently, waste can be avoided, and limited resources can be used in a careful and economic manner. Because alternative reaction pathways are employed by electrosynthetic methods, scarce and toxic elements can be replaced or are not required at all [3]. Moreover, in the foreseeable future regenerative sources of electricity, for example, photovoltaics and wind power, will provide a surplus of electricity as the current unsteady sup…

Initial approaches in benchmarking and round robin testing for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers

2019

Abstract As ever-increasing amounts of renewable electricity enter the energy supply mix on a regional, national and international basis, greater emphasis is being placed on energy conversion and storage technologies to deal with the oscillations, excess and lack of electricity. Hydrogen generation via proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is one technology that offers a pathway to store large amounts of electricity in the form of hydrogen. The challenges to widespread adoption of PEM water electrolyzers lie in their high capital and operating costs which both need to be reduced through R&D. An evaluation of reported PEMWE performance data in the literature reveals that there …

Strategies for Exploring Functions from Dynamic Combinatorial Libraries

2020

Synergy of Axial and Point Chirality to Construct Helical N -Heterotriangulene-Based Supramolecular Polymers

2018

Salt extraction regeneration technologies

2022

Abstract A salinity gradient power heat engine is a novel sustainable technology for the conversion of low-grade waste heat (T  This chapter presents an overview of the main regeneration technologies based on the “salt extraction strategy” reported in the literature. A salt extraction regeneration unit takes advantage of the property of specific chemical compounds to shift from a soluble form to separable species in solution allowing the salt transfer between the exhausted solutions and aiding their regeneration. The regeneration processes reported here are classified into (i) switchable solubility salts and (ii) thermolytic salts. The first class includes compounds characterized by thermal…

Amine N-Oxide Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitor Polymers for High-Salinity Applications

2020

A series of glycidyl amine N-oxide polyethers with cyclic and acyclic amine N-oxide side groups and their block copolymers with poly(propylene) oxide (Mn in the range of 1.8–6.4 kg/mol) have been s...

Impact of operation condition on temperature distribution in single cell of polymer electrolyte fuel cell operated at higher temperature than usual

2016

For improving performance of the stationary Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) system, the cell operating temperature up to 90°C will be preferred in Japan during the period from 2020 to 2030. To understand the operation of the PEFC system under relatively high temperature conditions, detail heat and mass transfer analysis is required. The main focus of this study is to analyze the PEFC performance under operational conditions, such as initial operational temperature of cell (Tini), relative humidity of supply gas, and the cathode gas type, temperature distribution in a cell of PEFC (using Nafion membrane) under relatively higher operating temperature conditions. The in-plane temperature …

Design and characterization of bi-functional electrocatalytic layers for application in PEM unitized regenerative fuel cells

2010

Abstract Results concerning the development and characterization of bi-functional electrocatalytic layers for application in unitized regenerative fuel cells (URFCs) based on proton exchange membrane (PEM) technology are reported. Carbon-supported hydrophobic (10 wt.% of PTFE) Pt catalysts (40 wt.% of Pt), and Pt and Ir black powders of large specific areas have been synthesized. Their structure, morphology and electrochemical properties have been investigated using SEM, TEM, XRD analysis, and by measurements of polarization curves and cyclic voltammograms. Current–voltage curves have been recorded during water electrolysis and H 2 /O 2 fuel cell experiments to evaluate their performances a…