Search results for "PPAR alpha"
showing 3 items of 33 documents
Type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and vascular risk: rationale and evidence for correcting the lipid imbalance.
2004
Type 2 diabetes is an important cardiovascular risk factor. A significant component of the risk associated with type 2 diabetes is thought to be because of its characteristic lipid "triad" profile of raised small dense low-density lipoprotein levels, lowered high-density lipoprotein, and elevated triglycerides (TGs). Trials of statins and fibrates have included substantial numbers of patients with diabetes and indicate that lipid lowering reduces cardiovascular event rates in these patients. However, statins alone do not always address all the lipid abnormalities of diabetes. Fibrates, which have low affinity for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), improve most asp…
The identification of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-independent effects of oleoylethanolamide on intestinal transit in mice
2009
Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is an endogenous lipid produced in the intestine that mediates satiety by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha). OEA inhibits gastric emptying and intestinal motility, but the mechanism of action remains to be determined. We investigated whether OEA inhibits intestinal motility by activation of PPARalpha. PPARalpha immunoreactivity was examined in whole mount preparations of mouse gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The effect of OEA on motility was assessed in wildtype, PPARalpha, cannabinoid CB(1) receptor and CB(2) receptor gene-deficient mice and in a model of accelerated GI transit. In addition, the effect of OEA on motility was as…
Sox17 regulates liver lipid metabolism and adaptation to fasting.
2014
Liver is a major regulator of lipid metabolism and adaptation to fasting, a process involving PPARalpha activation. We recently showed that the Vnn1 gene is a PPARalpha target gene in liver and that release of the Vanin-1 pantetheinase in serum is a biomarker of PPARalpha activation. Here we set up a screen to identify new regulators of adaptation to fasting using the serum Vanin-1 as a marker of PPARalpha activation. Mutagenized mice were screened for low serum Vanin-1 expression. Functional interactions with PPARalpha were investigated by combining transcriptomic, biochemical and metabolic approaches. We characterized a new mutant mouse in which hepatic and serum expression of Vanin-1 is …