Search results for "PRECIPITATION"

Sea surface temperature and torrential rains in the Valencia region: modelling the role of recharge areas

2015

Abstract. Heavy rain events are frequently recorded in the Western Mediterranean causing economic losses and even human casualties. The Western Mediterranean is a deep and almost closed sea surrounded by high mountain ranges and with little exchange of water with the Atlantic ocean. A main factor in the development of torrential rains is ocean-atmosphere exchanges of heat and moisture that can potentially destabilize air masses travelling over the sea. The study of air mass trajectories previous to the rain event permits the identification of sea areas that could probably contribute to the development or intensification of rainfall. From a previous Mediterranean sea surface temperature clim…

A map of autumn precipitation for the third millennium BP in the Eastern Iberian Peninsula from charcoal carbon isotopes

2009

Abstract Carbon isotope composition (δ13C) in tree-rings has become routinely used in palaeoclimatic research for the assessment of changes in plant water availability in seasonally dry climates. However, the distribution of long tree-ring records around the world is very limited. Alternatively, the original climate signal of wood δ13C is well preserved in fossil charcoal and, accordingly, charcoal δ13C can be used to quantify past changes in water availability (e.g. precipitation). We report a case study on spatial palaeoclimate reconstruction which aims to characterize the transition between Bronze and Iron Ages, the so-called Iron Age Cold Epoch (ca. 900–300 BCE), using charcoals of Quer…

Messenger RNA of the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Isolation and properties.

1979

Polysomes specifically synthesizing the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase were isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardi cells by the indirect immunoprecipitation method. Electrophoretic analysis showed that the immunoprecipitated polysomes were of chloroplast origin. The mRNA coding for the large subunit which was purified from immunoprecipitated polysomes migrated at the 19-S position on sucrose density gradients, and its molecular weight was estimated to be 7.3 x 10(5) by acid-urea/agarose gel electrophoresis. The mRNA was translated in vivo with a cell-free protein-synthesizing system derived from Escherichia coli to give full-length large-subunit polypeptides.

ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Properties of NiIICrIIILayered Double Hydroxide Materials.

2009

This paper describes the isolation of four layered double hydroxide (LDH) compounds having the general formula[NiII3–xCrIIIx(OH)6](CO3)x/2·yH2O [x = 0.57 (1), 0.69 (2), 0.81 (3) and 0.93 (4)] by using homogeneous precipitation methods and varying the metal ratio in the synthetic solutions. All the reported compounds have carbonate anions in the interlamellar space. This fact forces the interlayer distances to remain unchanged in all the cases, thus providing an ideal system in which the changes observed in magnetic properties can be correlated with metal composition along the hydroxide layers.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)

Multi-model ensemble simulations of olive pollen distribution in Europe in 2014

2017

Abstract. A 6-models strong European ensemble of Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) was run through the season of 2014 computing the olive pollen dispersion in Europe. The simulations have been compared with observations in 6 countries, members of the European Aeroallergen Network. Analysis was performed for individual models, the ensemble mean and median, and for a dynamically optimized combination of the ensemble members obtained via fusion of the model predictions with observations. The models, generally reproducing the olive season of 2014, showed noticeable deviations from both observations and each other. In particular, the season start was reported too early, by 8 days …

Mapping daily global solar irradiation over Spain: A comparative study of selected approaches

2011

Abstract Three methods to estimate the daily global solar irradiation are compared: the Bristow–Campbell (BC), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR). BC is an empirical approach based on air maximum and minimum temperature. ANN and KRR are non-linear approaches that use temperature and precipitation data (which have been selected as the best combination of input data from a gamma test). The experimental dataset includes 4 years (2005–2008) of daily irradiation collected at 40 stations and temperature and precipitation data collected at 400 stations over Spain. Results show that the ANN method produces the best global solar irradiation estimates, with a mean absol…

A Wind Tunnel Experimental Study of the Wet Deposition of Atmospheric Pollutants

2007

A New Nuclear Function of the Entamoeba histolytica Glycolytic Enzyme Enolase: The Metabolic Regulation of Cytosine-5 Methyltransferase 2 (Dnmt2) Act…

2009

Cytosine-5 methyltransferases of the Dnmt2 family function as DNA and tRNA methyltransferases. Insight into the role and biological significance of Dnmt2 is greatly hampered by a lack of knowledge about its protein interactions. In this report, we address the subject of protein interaction by identifying enolase through a yeast two-hybrid screen as a Dnmt2-binding protein. Enolase, which is known to catalyze the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), was shown to have both a cytoplasmatic and a nuclear localization in the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. We discovered that enolase acts as a Dnmt2 inhibitor. This unexpected inhibitory activity was antagonized by…

Evaluation of the Purity of Magnesium Hydroxide Recovered from Saltwork Bitterns

2022

Magnesium has been listed among the 30 critical raw materials by the European Union. In recent years, many green and sustainable alternative Mg2+ sources have been sought to satisfy the EU’s demand and to avoid mineral ore consumption. In this context, saltwork bitterns, the by-products of solar sea salt production, have attracted much attention thanks to their high Mg2+ concentrations (up to 80 g/L) and low Ca2+ and bicarbonate contents (<0.5 g/L). Although investigations on Mg2+ extraction from bitterns in the form of Mg(OH)2(s) have already been performed, product purity has never been properly addressed. Mg(OH)2(s) is a chemical compound of great interest and extensive utility in num…

Distribution of sulfur and chlorine over Europe

2011

Maps showing the mean concentration of sulfar and chlorine in air and precipitation over north western Europe in summer and winter have been constructed. Exess SO4—S has been computed on the basis of the assumption that chloride is a conservative property of sea spray particles and that there are no other sources for chloride than sea spray. Finally, maps showing the ratio of concentration air/precipitation for sulfur and chlorine are presented.DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1963.tb01401.x