Search results for "PREDICTION"
showing 10 items of 511 documents
Both contextual regularity and selective attention affect the reduction of precision‐weighted prediction errors but in distinct manners
2021
Predictive coding model of perception postulates that the primary objective of the brain is to infer the causes of sensory inputs by reducing prediction errors (i.e., the discrepancy between expected and actual information). Moreover, prediction errors are weighted by their precision (i.e., inverse variance), which quantifies the degree of certainty about the variables. There is accumulating evidence that the reduction of precision‐weighted prediction errors can be affected by contextual regularity (as an external factor) and selective attention (as an internal factor). However, it is unclear whether the two factors function together or separately. Here we used electroencephalography (EEG) …
Detection and discrimination of organophosphorus pesticides in water by using a colorimetric probe array
2014
[EN] Detection and discrimination of several organophosphorus pesticides in water using a colorimetric probe array containing twelve dyes has been achieved. A clear discrimination for malathion, leptophos, dichlorvos, dibrom and diazinon was observed. The array was used to determine the concentration of diazinon in orange leaves
On the use of generalized harmonic means in image processing using multiresolution algorithms
2019
In this paper we design a family of cell-average nonlinear prediction operators that make use of the generalized harmonic means and we apply the resulting schemes to image processing. The new famil...
Comprehensive Strategy for Proton Chemical Shift Prediction: Linear Prediction with Nonlinear Corrections
2014
A fast 3D/4D structure-sensitive procedure was developed and assessed for the chemical shift prediction of protons bonded to sp3carbons, which poses the maybe greatest challenge in the NMR spectral parameter prediction. The LPNC (Linear Prediction with Nonlinear Corrections) approach combines three well-established multivariate methods viz. the principal component regression (PCR), the random forest (RF) algorithm, and the k nearest neighbors (kNN) method. The role of RF is to find nonlinear corrections for the PCR predicted shifts, while kNN is used to take full advantage of similar chemical environments. Two basic molecular models were also compared and discussed: in the MC model the desc…
A word prediction methodology for automatic sentence completion
2015
Word prediction generally relies on n-grams occurrence statistics, which may have huge data storage requirements and does not take into account the general meaning of the text. We propose an alternative methodology, based on Latent Semantic Analysis, to address these issues. An asymmetric Word-Word frequency matrix is employed to achieve higher scalability with large training datasets than the classic Word-Document approach. We propose a function for scoring candidate terms for the missing word in a sentence. We show how this function approximates the probability of occurrence of a given candidate word. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms non neural network lang…
Perceptually weighted optical flow for motion-based segmentation in MPEG-4 paradigm
2000
In the MPEG-4 paradigm, the sequence must be described in terms of meaningful objects. This meaningful, high-level representation should emerge from low-level primitives such as optical flow and prediction error which are the basic elements of previous-generation video coders. The accuracy of the high-level models strongly depends on the robustness of the primitives used. It is shown how perceptual weighting in optical flow computation gives rise to better motion estimates which consistently improve motion-based segmentation compared to equivalent unweighted motion estimates.
Dual phase titanium alloy hot forging process design: experiments and numerical modeling
2015
Titanium alloys are considered desirable materials when both good mechanical properties and weight reduction are required at the same time. This class of materials is widely used in those fields (aeronautics, aerospace) in which common steels and light-weight materials, e.g., aluminum alloys, are not able to satisfy all operative service conditions. During the last decade, forging of titanium alloys has attracted greater attention from both industrial and scientific/academic researchers because of their potential in providing a near net shaped part with minimal need for machining. In this paper, a numerical model of the forging sequences for a Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy aerospace component is…
The predictive ability and value relevance of accounting measures
2011
Accepted version of an article published in the journal: International Journal of Economics and Accounting. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJEA.2011.041894 Empirical accounting research sometimes assumes that the value relevance of accounting variables can be indirectly assessed by studying the ability of the variables to forecast future cash flow and earnings. This study investigates the relationships between short-term cash flow and earnings prediction tests and value relevance analyses. I find that earnings prediction tests might be good substitutes for value relevance analyses, whereas cash flow prediction tests merely provide indications with respect to…
Predicted secondary structure of hydroperoxide lyase from green bell pepper cloned in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica
2010
International audience; Fatty acid hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) is a member of the cytochrome P450 family acting on fatty acid hydroperoxides in many organisms. The active green bell pepper HPL, cloned and expressed in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, was purified by immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) in the presence of 2% of Triton X-100R. The secondary structure prediction by bioinformatics servers of HPL was realized by ANTHEPROT software, using the GOR, DPM and Predator methods. The theoretical results which are average values obtained from three different calculation methods showed 33% α-helix, 18% β-sheet, 7% turn and 42% coil. On the other hand, the secondary structure a…
Child Abuse, Neglect, and Violent Criminal Behavior in a Midwest Metropolitan Area of the United States, 1967-1988
1991
These data examine the relationships between childhood abuse and/or neglect and later criminal and violent criminal behavior. In particular, the data focus on whether being a victim of violence and/or neglect in early childhood leads to being a criminal offender in adolescence or early adulthood and whether a relationship exists between childhood abuse or neglect and arrests as a juvenile, arrests as an adult, and arrests for violent offenses. For this data collection, adult and juvenile criminal histories of sampled cases with backgrounds of abuse or neglect were compared to those of a matched control group with no official record of abuse or neglect. Variables contained in Part 1 include …