Search results for "PRESSURE"
showing 10 items of 4493 documents
Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated risk factors in Turkish adults.
2013
Background and Objectives Dyslipidemia is a modifiable major risk factor for coronary heart disease. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia among Turkish adults and its associations with other cardiovascular risk factors. Methods This study included 4309 people ages 20 to 83 years old from 7 provinces of Turkey. People from the city centers, districts, and villages were selected by a stratified sampling method. Weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences were measured. Blood samples were obtained to determine glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides …
Muscle inactivity is adversely associated with biomarkers in physically active adults.
2015
PURPOSE While the lack of muscular activity is a proposed trigger for metabolic alterations, this association has not been directly measured. We examined the associations between EMG-derived muscle inactivity and activity patterns and cardiometabolic biomarkers in healthy, physically active adults. METHODS Data for this cross-sectional study were pooled from two studies (EMG24 and InPact), resulting in a sample of 150 individuals without known chronic diseases and with high-quality EMG data (female n = 85, male n = 65, age = 38.8 ± 10.6 yr, body mass index = 23.8 ± 3.1 kg·m⁻²). EMG was measured during one to three typical weekdays using EMG shorts, measuring quadriceps and hamstring muscle …
Clinical correlates of renal dysfunction in hypertensive patients without cardiovascular complications: the REDHY study
2009
Our study was aimed to assess the clinical correlates of different degrees of renal dysfunction in a wide group of non-diabetic hypertensive patients, free from cardiovascular (CV) complications and known renal diseases, participating to the REDHY (REnal Dysfunction in HYpertension) study. A total of 1856 hypertensive subjects (mean age: 47+/-14 years), attending our hypertension centre, were evaluated. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated by the simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study prediction equation. A 24-h urine sample was collected to determine albumin excretion rate (AER). Albuminuria was defined as an AER greater than 20 mug min(-1). We used the classi…
Insulin resistance and glomerular hemodynamics in essential hypertension
2002
Insulin resistance and glomerular hemodynamics in essential hypertension. Background Arterial hypertension is an important cause of end-stage renal failure. Insulin has been shown to modify glomerular hemodynamics in hypertensive subjects. The aim of this work, therefore, was to observe the relationships between renal hemodynamics and insulin resistance in arterial hypertension. Methods Sixty-two non-diabetic hypertensive patients and 25 healthy normal subjects were studied. Renal plasma flow and the glomerular filtration fraction were determined by renoscintigraphy and the insulin sensitivity by an oral glucose test. Results Renal plasma flow in hypertensive subjects was lower than expecte…
Misclassification of subjects with insulin resistance and associated cardiovascular risk factors by homeostasis model assessment index. Utility of a …
2009
Different methods are available for assessing insulin sensitivity in the fasting state. However, insulin resistance (IR) is initially a postprandial disturbance; and usually, when basal (fasting) disturbance appears, the process has been in progress for some time. Our aim was to investigate if a postprandial measurement, performing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), is more sensitive than fasting values. We wished to identify early IR states in healthy, nonobese individuals and ascertain if this situation was associated with other cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 90 nonobese, nondiabetic, and nonsmoker individuals were studied. They were divided into 3 groups according to IR stat…
Microalbuminuria, renal dysfunction and cardiovascular complication in essential hypertension
1996
To evaluate the prevalence of microalbuminuria (albumin excretion rate, AER) in a wide hypertensive population, and to evaluate any relationship with cardiovascular damage and renal dysfunction.A transversal study.In 383 hospitalized Caucasian essential hypertensives (198 men, 185 women) of mean age 44 +/- 0.5 years and mean clinic blood pressure 170.3 +/- 0.95/ 103.4 +/- 0.47 mmHg, metabolic parameters, serum creatinine level (Cs), creatinine clearance rate (Ccs), 24 AER and plasma renin activity (PRA) were measured. Furthermore, each patient underwent 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and echocardiography to measure left ventricular mass, which was indexed both by body surf…
Childhood neglect and parental care perception in cocaine addicts: Relation with psychiatric symptoms and biological correlates
2009
Childhood neglect and poor child–parent relationships have been reported to increase substance use disorders susceptibility. Stressful environmental factors, including emotional neglect, could affect individual personality traits and mental health, possibly inducing stable changes in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and brain mono-amine function, in turn involved in addictive behavior vulnerability. Therefore, we decided to investigate homovanillic (HVA) and prolactin (PRL) plasma levels, as expression of possible changes in dopamine function, ACTH and cortisol plasma levels, as measures of HPA axis function, and concomitant psychiatric symptoms profile in abstinent cocaine a…
Correlations between central corneal thickness and general anthropometric characteristics and cardiovascular parameters in a large European cohort fr…
2014
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations between general anthropometric features and cardiovascular parameters and central corneal thickness (CCT) in an adult European cohort. METHODS Analysis was based on a Gutenberg Health Study cohort that included 5000 subjects (2540 male, 2460 female), aged 35 to 74 years at enrollment. The participants underwent a standardized protocol with a comprehensive questionnaire; ophthalmic examination (slit-lamp biomicroscopy; autorefractometry; noncontact tonometry; fundus photography; CCT measurements (optical pachymetry); visual field testing; and a thorough general examination focused on cardiovascular parameters, psychosomatic evalu…
Conditional Self-Entropy and Conditional Joint Transfer Entropy in Heart Period Variability during Graded Postural Challenge.
2015
Self-entropy (SE) and transfer entropy (TE) are widely utilized in biomedical signal processing to assess the information stored into a system and transferred from a source to a destination respectively. The study proposes a more specific definition of the SE, namely the conditional SE (CSE), and a more flexible definition of the TE based on joint TE (JTE), namely the conditional JTE (CJTE), for the analysis of information dynamics in multivariate time series. In a protocol evoking a gradual sympathetic activation and vagal withdrawal proportional to the magnitude of the orthostatic stimulus, such as the graded head-up tilt, we extracted the beat-to-beat spontaneous variability of heart per…
Optical coherence tomography-based retinal vessel analysis for the evaluation of hypertensive vasculopathy
2013
Purpose Evaluation of retinal vessels in cardiovascular disease traditionally relies upon funduscopy, but more recently digital photo analysis has expanded the spectrum. As spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows an in-vivo assessment of retinal tissue and its vessels on a histological scale, our study aimed at using this tool for the analysis of the retinal vasculature. Methods Circumferential peripapillary OCT scans (3DOCT-2000; Topcon Inc., Tokyo, Japan), with centration on the optic nerve head, were taken from 20 eyes (20 participants) with normal blood pressure and 20 eyes (20 participants) with arterial hypertension above 120 mmHg (mean blood pressure). The diameter …