Search results for "PRESSURE"
showing 10 items of 4493 documents
Association of obesity with proteasomal gene polymorphisms in children.
2013
The aim of this study was to ascertain possible associations between childhood obesity, its anthropometric and clinical parameters, and three loci of proteasomal genes rs2277460 (PSMA6c.-110C>A), rs1048990 (PSMA6c.-8C>G), and rs2348071 (PSMA3c. 543+138G>A) implicated in obesity-related diseases. Obese subjects included 94 otherwise healthy children in Latvia. Loci were genotyped and then analyzed using polymerase chain reactions, with results compared to those of 191 nonobese controls.PSMA3SNP frequency differences between obese children and controls, while not reaching significance, suggested a trend. These differences, however, proved highly significant (P<0.002) in the subset…
Association between WHO cut-offs for childhood overweight and obesity and cardiometabolic risk
2012
AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between cardiovascular risk and childhood overweight and obesity using the BMI cut-offs recommended by the WHO.DesignChildren were classified as normal weight, overweight and obese according to the WHO BMI-for-age reference. Blood pressure, lipids, glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and uric acid levels were compared across BMI groups. ANOVA and tests of linearity were used to assess overall mean differences across groups. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated for adverse plasma levels of biochemical variables.SettingPaediatric care centres.SubjectsChildren (n149) aged 8–18 years.ResultsAbout 37 %,…
Cellular ionic alterations with age: relation to hypertension and diabetes.
2000
BACKGROUND: Cytosolic free calcium (Cai) and magnesium (Mgi) are vital to cellular homeostasis and function. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate cellular divalent cations in normal subjects at different ages and their relationship to ion levels in essential hypertension and diabetes. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: A university hospital in New York. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 103 subjects (32 older, 71.1 ± 1.2 y/o, and 71 young/middle aged subjects, 51.1 ± 2.3 y/o). INTERVENTION: Oral glucose tolerance test. MEASUREMENTS: 19F and 31P NMR spectroscopy were used to measure Cai and Mgi levels in erythrocytes from normal (>65 y/o, n = 11; 65 y/o, n = 9; 65 y/o, n = 12; <65 y/o, n = 15) subjects; the…
Bone status in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
2010
Aims The aim of the study was to investigate the potential negative impact of type 1 diabetes on bone status of adolescents. Bone status in adolescents with type 1 diabetes was assessed by means of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and the influence of metabolic control and other diseaserelated and growth variables was analysed. Methods Group I consisted of 99 pubertal (Tanner ≥2) adolescents (49 female), aged 14.3±2.5 years, diabetes duration 4.6±2.3 years. Controls (group II) were 297 children, matched by sex and age, from a healthy population. The influence of glycated haemoglobin (current: HbA1cD; last year’s mean: HbA1cY; whole duration mean: HbA1cT), diabetes duration, percentage of life …
Protective action of 1,3-butanediol in cerebral ischemia. A neurologic, histologic, and metabolic study.
1987
1,3-Butanediol (BD) is converted in the body to β-hydroxybutyrate, and previous studies have shown that hyperketonemia had beneficial effects in experimental models of generalized hypoxia. The aim of this study was to determine if BD would reduce brain damage following cerebral ischemia. A transient forebrain ischemia of 30-min duration was induced by the four-vessel occlusion technique in control and BD-treated rats (25 mmol/kg, i.p.; 30 min prior to ischemia). BD treatment led to significant improvement of neurologic deficit during the 72-h recovery period and reduced neuronal damage in the striatum and cortex but not in the CA1 sector of the hippocampus. Evaluation of cerebral energy me…
Fasting prior to transient cerebral ischemia reduces delayed neuronal necrosis.
1990
A transient brain ischemia of 30-min duration was induced by the four-vessel occlusion technique in normally fed and in 48-hr-fasted rats. Evaluation of brain damage 72 hr after ischemia showed that fasting reduced neuronal necrosis in the striatum, the neocortex, and the lateral part of the CA1 sector of hippocampus. Signs of status spongiosis in the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra were seen in 75% of fed rats and in only 19% of fasted rats. The protective effect was associated with reduction in mortality and in postischemic seizure incidence. The metabolic changes induced by fasting were evaluated before and during ischemia. After 30 min of four-vessel occlusion, fasted rats showe…
Serum ionized magnesium in diabetic older persons
2014
Objective. Several alterations of magnesium metabolism have been associated with type 2 diabetes pathophysiology, a condition particularly frequent in older persons. We aimed to evaluate serum total (Mg-tot) and serum ionized magnesium (Mg-ion) in older persons with type 2 diabetes in order to explore clinically applicable methods for the detection of magnesium deficit. Material/Methods: Mg-tot and Mg-ion were measured in 105 fasting subjects with type 2 diabetes (mean age: 71.10.8 years; M/F: 45/60) and in 100 age-matched non-diabetic control persons (mean age: 72.20.8 years; M/F: 42/58). Results: Mg-ion concentrations were significantly lower in diabetic persons compared with controls (…
Protein oxidation in a group of subjects with metabolic syndrome.
2013
Abstract Aims To examine the protein oxidation, marker of the oxidative stress, in metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods We enrolled 106 subjects (45 women and 61 men) with MS of which 43 (14 women and 27 men) were with diabetes mellitus and 63 (31 women and 32 men) were without diabetes mellitus, and 54 subjects (19 women and 35 men) as control group. The protein oxidation, expressed as carbonyl groups, was measured by an enzyme-like immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (BioCell PC test kit, Enzo Life Sciences AG, Switzerland). Results In the whole group of MS subjects, in comparison with control group, a significant increase in carbonyl groups was present. The same datum was also evident between co…
Associations of cardiometabolic risk factors with heart rate variability in 6‐ to 8‐year‐old children: The PANIC Study
2019
BACKGROUND Associations of cardiometabolic risk factors with heart rate variability (HRV) in children are unclear. We examined associations of cardiometabolic risk score (CRS) and individual cardiometabolic risk factors with HRV variables in 6- to 8-year-olds. METHODS The participants were a population-based sample of 443 children participating in baseline measurements of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children trial. Cardiometabolic risk factors included waist circumference (WC), insulin, glucose, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). CRS was calculated as WC + insulin + glucose + triglycerides - HDL cholesterol + the mea…
Effects of Strength Training and Reduced Training on Functional Performance and Metabolic Health Indicators in Middle-Aged Men
2007
Changes in muscular fitness and metabolic health indicators were examined in 22 men (57.9 +/- 6.6 years, BMI 24.5 +/- 2.6 kg/m (2)) and 21 control men (58.2 +/- 6.1 years, BMI 25.4 +/- 2.8 kg/m (2)) during two consecutive 21-week periods: 1) whole body progressive strength training (ST: twice a week), and 2) continued reduced training (CRT: 3 ST sessions/2 weeks, n = 17 + 17). After the 21-week ST period, maximal strength of leg extensors increased in the ST group by 19.6 +/- 7.6 % vs. 2.8 +/- 4.4 % (p < 0.001) and also 10-m walking time and 10-step stair-climbing time shortened by - 17.2 +/- 7.6 % vs. 4.1 +/- 3.9 % (p < 0.01) and by - 8.2 +/- 6.8 % vs. - 3.0 +/- 6.8 % (p < 0.05) compared t…