Search results for "PROB"

Problématiques animales : théorie de la connaissance, anthropologie, éthique et droit

2011

Estimations de probabilités d'accès aux seconds cycles de l'enseignement secondaire à l'issue de la classe de 3ème

1982

International audience

Réflexions sur les problèmes scientifiques posés par l'évaluation

1990

International audience

Exploring the deviations from scale-invariance of spatial distributions of buildings using a Geographically Weighted Fractal Analysis. An application…

2018

In the early twentieth century a handful of French geographers and historians famously suggested that mainland France comprised two agrarian systems: enclosed field systems with scattered settlements in the central and western France, and openfield systems with grouped settlements in eastern France. This division between grouped and scattered settlements can still be found on the outskirts of urban areas. The objective of this paper is to determine whether the shape of urban areas varies with the type of built patterns in their periphery. To this end, we identify and characterise the local and global deviations from scale-invariance of built patterns in metropolitan France. We propose a new…

Politique dans l’Astrée, politique de L’Astrée

2019

Je commencerai par noter une certaine invisibilisation de la question politique dans l’édition Folio du programme en raison des coupes opérées par Jean Lafond, très intelligemment d’ailleurs, compte tenu de la place possible pour les milliers de pages de L’Astrée dans une édition de poche. Jean Lafond a supprimé de nombreux livres historiques, notamment, dans toute la deuxième partie, la matière byzantine des livres 11 et 12, qui racontent l’histoire de Placidia, fille du dernier empereur d’O...

Infected persons by the fact of a public organism : is a fair compensation by the community realistic ? A graph-theory pproach

1999

The paper focuses on indirectly infected persons (persons infected by a person, infected by a person, etc., itself infected by a public organism, for AIDS, hepatitis C, etc.). It is assumed that fairness implies the national community to indemnify them. Graph theory is used to explain what is indirect infection. The concept of chains of infection, and their length is central. Re-infections are considered also because even individuals that are initially infected by another cause could become later indirectly infected by the public agent. The number of persons to be indemnified is larger than for direct infection, so the cost of compensation is higher, unless if compensation per capita is low…

Numerical vibroacoustic analysis of plates with constrained-layer damping patches

2011

International audience; A numerical vibroacoustic model that can manage multilayered plates locally covered with damping patches is presented. All the layers can have an on-axis orthotropic viscoelastic behavior. Continuity of displacements and transverse shear stresses at each interface is enforced, which permits to write the entire displacement field in function of the displacements of the-common-first layer, leading to a two-dimensional plate model. The problem is then discretized by Rayleigh-Ritz's method using a trigonometric basis that includes both sine and cosine functions in order to treat various boundary conditions. The excitation can be of mechanical kind (concentrated or distri…

Optimal control and applications to orbital transfer and almost-riemannian geometry

2010

In this thesis we focus on optimal control techniques as well as geometric control techniques applied to the orbital transfer problem and to almost-Riemannian geometry. In these cases, Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle allows to analyse the extremal flow of affine control systems.In the case of a satellite with low-thrust propulsion, averaging techniques give an approximated system. Averaging is explicit in the energy minimization case and is directly related to almost-riemannian problems. The geometric analysis of such problems is generalized by the study of metrics on the two-sphere of revolution. In this way it is possible to classify the situations considering the transcendance of the solu…

Frequency Stability Measurement of Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillators with a Multichannel Tracking DDS and the Two-Sample Covariance

2018

This article shows the first measurement of three 100 MHz signals exhibiting fluctuations from 2E-16 to parts in 1E-15 for integration time tau between 1 s and 1 day. Such stable signals are provided by three Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillators (CSOs) operating at about 10 GHz, also delivering the 100 MHz output via a dedicated synthesizer. The measurement is made possible by a 6-channel Tracking DDS (TDDS) and the two-sample covariance tool, used to estimate the Allan variance. The use of two TDDS channels per CSO enables high rejection of the instrument background noise. The covariance outperforms the Three-Cornered Hat (TCH) method in that the background converges to zero "out of the box," wi…

A multiple-response chi-square framework for the analysis of Free-Comment and Check-All-That-Apply data

2021

International audience; Free-Comment (FC) and Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) provide a contingency table containing citation counts of descriptors by products. The analyses performed on this table are most often related to the chi-square statistic. However, such practices are not well suited because they consider experimental units as being the citations (one descriptor for one product by one subject) while the evaluations (vector of citations for one product by one subject) should be considered instead. This results in incorrect expected frequencies under the null hypothesis of independence between products and descriptors and thus in an incorrect chi-square statistic. Thus, analyses related …