Search results for "PRODUCTIVITY"

Humanities and Social Sciences Latvia, Vol. 26, N 1 (Spring-Summer)

2018

Trade, innovation and interdependence : a spatial econometric approach

2015

This thesis studies the consequences for innovation of international trade allowing for spatial interdependence. Indeed, the mechanisms through which international trade affects innovation are based on highlighting factors that, because they are the source of increasing returns, represent real engines of the growth. Yet, the accumulation process of these factors depends on effects which are constraints in space .First, trade flows by which technology is supposed to transmit between countries are interdependent. Second, the results highlighted in existing literature capture only the direct effect of trade on innovation. However, it is possible that a country benefits technology from an anoth…

Prosodia y partículas discursivas: sobre las funciones de atenuación, intensificación como valores (des)corteses en los marcadores conversacionales

2015

La presente investigación se integra en un proyecto más amplio, Fonocortesía: el componente fónico en la expresión de cortesía y descortesía verbales en español coloquial (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, FFI2009-07034), interesado en el estudio de la capacidad del componente fónico (a nivel segmental y suprasegmental) para favorecer efectos pragmáticos corteses o descorteses en la conversación coloquial. Dentro de esa línea investigación general, pretendemos analizar aquí la variedad de realizaciones prosódicas de los denominados enfocadores de la alteridad, y las implicaciones que ello pueda tener en la asunción de efectos pragmáticos (des)corteses, articulados principalmente a tr…

Idiomatic expressions and anaphoric reference in functional discourse grammar

2018

Aquest treball se centra en un tipus especial de relació anafòrica que consisteix en la referència efectuada mitjançant una part, o a una part, d?una expressió idiomàtica. S?hi posa de manifest que, contràriament al que se suposa generalment, aquestes referències no estan necessàriament marcades estilísticament o gramaticalment, sinó que responen a diversos patrons productius. A partir de dades de corpus i dins del marc de la gramàtica funcional discursiva es presenta una anàlisi amb base teòrica de cadascun d?aquests patrons. L?anàlisi en reflecteix els processos de producció i interpretació, en dona compte de la sistematicitat i productivitat i presenta una proposta explicativa del cost c…

Effects of a split 48-h doe-litter separation on productivity of free-nursing rabbit does and their litters

2004

To prevent the weight loss of litters, and the distress of both rabbit does and their litters due to doe-litter separation (DLS), without losing its beneficial effects on fertility, the DLS, lasting 48 h before artificial insemination (AI), was split into two periods of 24 h with a short controlled suckling. Initially, 105 does of different parity were divided into three groups. During the post partum, the free-nursing does were treated as follows: regular DLS (R-DLS), the nest-box was closed for 48 h, from days 9 to 11, before AI; split DLS (S-DLS), the nest-box was closed for 24 h and, after suckling, for other 24 h before AI; control, does had free access to the nest-box. Fertility impro…

What Makes People Nursing Home Residents: Individual Need or Municipalities’ Supply?

2016

In a context where admissions to nursing homes are strictly rationed we examine which individuals become nursing home residents. Rationing decisions are taken by municipalities. Using a national sample we estimate the impact on the rationing decision of individual characteristics and characteristics of the municipalities in which individuals live. High age, lack of self-care productivity and lack of cognitive ability have a positive impact on whether an individual is in a nursing home. By contrast, ample access to informal care has a substantial negative impact on the probability of residing in a nursing home. Men have a slightly lower incidence than women of living in a nursing home. Munic…

Improving Of The Productivity And The Quality Of A Manufacturing Robotized Cell For Mig/Mag Welding

2007

During the last years, globalization and the necessity to reduce production costs have pushed industry to employ more and more manufacturing robotized cells. This trend has been assimilated by arc welding too. The use of robotic systems allows to increase the performance of productive systems by means of reduction in lead-time, reproducibility of processes and increase in quality. However, process automation needs pre-scheduling of manufacturing cell movements and also a setup of different welding parameters, such as power provided by the welding generator, arc length and robot speed, all of which allows to get a joint without defects. An online scheduling of robotic systems brings certainl…

Spain in the euro: a general equilibrium analysis

2010

Bayesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models combine microeconomic behavioural foundations with a full-system Bayesian likelihood estimation approach using key macro-economic variables. Because of the usefulness of this class ofmodels for addressing questions regarding the impact and consequences of alternative monetary policies they are nowadays widely used for forecasting and policy analysis at central banks and other institutions. In this paper we provide a brief description of the two main aggregate euro area models at the ECB. Both models share a common core but their detailed specification differs reflecting their specific focus and use. The New Area Wide Model (NAWM)…

Disaggregate Real Exchange Rate Behaviour

2007

In this paper, we re-examine the “PPP Puzzle” using sectoral disaggregated data. Specifically, we first analyse the mean reversion speeds of real exchange rates for a number of different sectors in eleven industrial economies and then focus on relating these rates to variables identified in the literature as key determinants of CPI-based real exchange rates, namely: the trade balance, productivity and the mark up. In particular, we seek to understand to what extent the relationships existing at the aggregate level are borne out at the disaggregate level. We believe that this analysis can help shed light on the PPP puzzle.

Catching-up to foreign technology? Evidence on the “Veblen–Gerschenkron” effect of foreign investments

2006

Abstract The presence of foreign multinational enterprises may benefit local economies. In particular, highly productive foreign-owned firms may promote the technological catch-up of local firms. This channel of spillovers is defined as the “Veblen–Gerschenkron” effect of foreign direct investment and is analyzed in this article. Rather than the overall concentration of foreign-owned plants in a region or sector, it is their productivity advantage that determines the positive effect on domestic firms in geographical and technological proximity. We test this hypothesis using new firm-level data for German and Italian manufacturing firms during the 1990s. These two countries are particularly …