Search results for "PROGRAM"

Non-specific Effects of Vaccines Illustrated Through the BCG Example: From Observations to Demonstrations

2018

Epidemiological studies regarding many successful vaccines suggest that vaccination may lead to a reduction in child mortality and morbidity worldwide, on a grander scale than is attributable to protection against the specific target diseases of these vaccines. These non-specific effects (NSEs) of the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, for instance, implicate adaptive and innate immune mechanisms, with recent evidence suggesting that trained immunity might be a key instrument at play. Collectively referring to the memory-like characteristics of innate immune cells, trained immunity stems from epigenetic reprogramming that these innate immune cells undergo following exposure to a primary…

Nivolumab Enhances In Vitro Effector Functions of PD-1+ T-Lymphocytes and Leishmania-Infected Human Myeloid Cells in a Host Cell-Dependent Manner

2017

Functional impairment of T-cells and a concomitant augmented expression of programmed death-1 (PD-1) have been observed in visceral leishmaniasis patients, as well as in experimental models for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. The PD-1/PD-1-ligand (PD-1/PD-L) interaction negatively regulates T-cell effector functions, which are required for parasite control during leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the impact of the PD-1/PD-L axis in a human primary in vitro infection model of Leishmania major (Lm). Blocking the PD-1/PD-L interaction with nivolumab increased T-cell proliferation and release of the proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IFNγ during the cocultivation of Lm…

The Strategy of Harm Reduction in Work with People Addicted to Drugs and Alcohol

2016

The policy of EU Member States, the United States, South America and Australia is heading towards the restructuring of the support system for addicts by implementing actions meant to limit the health and social damages resulting from the use of psychoactive substances. Many countries offer access to low-threshold programmes whereby the participant is not forced to maintain abstinence or submit to the excessive rules and obligations of a rehabilitation center. Harm reduction is a philosophy based on pragmatic and realistic goals of working with addicts and users. It assumes that each change, even the smallest, is important and should be supported. Harm reduction programmes usually function i…

Papel de la Energía en nuestras vidas : una ocasión privilegiada para el estudio de la situación del mundo

2010

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un programa de actividades centrado en el estudio de la energía como contribución a una mejor comprensión de la actual situación de emergencia planetaria,estrechamente vinculada a la obtención y uso de recursos energéticos, así como para generar actitudes y comportamientos adecuados para hacer frente a los problemas que caracterizan dicha situación. Este material didáctico ha sido utilizado en talleres dirigidos a profesores en formación inicial y permanente, así como a estudiantes de universidad y de secundaria, con resultados que quedan recogidos en los comentarios a las a…

La place du français dans les programmes éducatifs plurilingues en Espagne

2014

Améliorer les compétences de communication en langues étrangères est devenu l’un des éléments clé de la politique éducative de l’Europe, en réponse à l’énorme défi de la mondialisation et à l’acquisition nécessaire de nouvelles compétences professionnelles. Les programmes plurilingues en langue étrangère ont ainsi acquis une place de plus en plus importante dans notre réalité éducative. Cet article présente une réflexion sur la situation actuelle de ces programmes et montre les obstacles à franchir pour l’enseignement du français comme deuxième langue étrangère avec l’arrivée de la LOMCE (Loi Organique pour l’Amélioration de la Qualité de l’Éducation).

Comparisons of two diaphragm ultrasound-teaching programs: a multicenter randomized controlled educational study

2019

Abstract Background This study aims to ascertain whether (1) an educational program is sufficient to achieve adequate Diaphragm Ultrasound (DUS) assessments on healthy volunteers and (2) combining a video tutorial with a practical session is more effective in making learners capable to obtain accurate DUS measurements, as opposed to sole video tutorial. Results We enrolledstep 1: 172 volunteers naïve to ultrasound. After watching a video tutorial, a questionnaire was administered and considered to be passed when at least 70% of the questions were correctly answered. Course participants who passed the theoretical test were randomized to either intervention or control group. Learners randomiz…

Increased autophagy and apoptosis contribute to muscle atrophy in a myotonic dystrophy type 1 Drosophila model

2015

ABSTRACT Muscle mass wasting is one of the most debilitating symptoms of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) disease, ultimately leading to immobility, respiratory defects, dysarthria, dysphagia and death in advanced stages of the disease. In order to study the molecular mechanisms leading to the degenerative loss of adult muscle tissue in DM1, we generated an inducible Drosophila model of expanded CTG trinucleotide repeat toxicity that resembles an adult-onset form of the disease. Heat-shock induced expression of 480 CUG repeats in adult flies resulted in a reduction in the area of the indirect flight muscles. In these model flies, reduction of muscle area was concomitant with increased apopto…

Analytical Research Based on the Use of Low Cost Instrumentation

2019

FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION: A GROWTH PATTERN WITH FETAL, NEONATAL AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES

2019

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are the terms used for a fetus which has not attained its full growth potential for gestational age. FGR is a multifactorial syndrome responsible for increased fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality as well as long term adverse outcomes involving auxological, metabolic, organic and functional domains. Clinicians distinguish early and late onset FGR, in relation to specific fetal anthropometric parameters related to the possible primary etiology and to different patterns of placental and maternal cardiovascular pathologies. Delivery of an early onset FGR or growth impaired newborn with congenital pathology should be…

Dannelse og samskaping av utdanning mellom akademia og sykehjem

2020

Cultivation and co-creation of education between academy and nursing home - a critical ethnography study Collaboration between academy and practice in education is emphasized. In this study, we explored and described boundary-crossing spaces, when co-creating an adjusted educational program for nursing students in a nursing home in Norway. Our aim was to explore how to learn person-centered dementia care through the participants in a learning community. A critical ethnographic approach and method with observations, field n otes, minutes of board, spontaneous meetings, and focus groups particularly with the students were used. Data were analyzed with six-step thematic analysis by Braun and…