Search results for "PROTECTION"
showing 10 items of 1623 documents
Modulators of Endogenous Neuroprotection: Estrogen, Corticotropin-releasing Hormone and Endocannabinoids
2005
Age-associated neurodegenerative disorders are among the most challenging problems of our aging society. Alzheimer’s disease is affecting people with increasing frequency, since there is a clear relationship between the incidence of this detrimental disorder and age. Other neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are also frequently observed in our aging society. For most of these diseases, no causal therapy has yet been identified. Many of the treatments given to patients that are affected by these disorders have different side effects, and therefore the search is on to identify novel molecular approaches that may lead to a more …
Regeneration After CNS Lesion: Help from the Immune System?
2010
Traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS) is followed by an inflammatory response, which is characterized by at least two very distinct phases: First, a short highly controlled burst of acute inflammatory defense and second, a long-term remodeling phase. Similarly, at least one or two phases of T-cell infiltration have been described in CNS trauma models suggesting differential functions of T cells in the acute and remodeling phase. Thus, the role of T cells in CNS trauma is still controversial. Interestingly, vaccine strategies and injections of autoimmune T cells led to both exacerbation of CNS damage after trauma in some models and improvement in others. Here, we suggest that …
Carbohydrates in plant immunity and plant protection: roles and potential application as foliar sprays.
2014
International audience; Increasing interest is devoted to carbohydrates for their roles in plant immunity. Some of them are elicitors of plant defenses whereas other ones act as signaling molecules in a manner similar to phytohormones. This review first describes the main classes of carbohydrates associated to plant immunity, their role and mode of action. More precisely, the state of the art about perception of "PAMP, MAMP, and DAMP (Pathogen-, Microbe-, Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns) type" oligosaccharides is presented and examples of induced defense events are provided. A particular attention is paid to the structure/activity relationships of these compounds. The role of sugars as…
Results of Angioplasty With Double-Layer Mesh Stent and Protection Systems of the Extra- and Intracranial Dissection of Cephalic Arteries
2023
Purpose: Although a majority of cervical artery dissections can be managed conservatively, patients presenting with cerebral embolization or significant stenosis require a more aggressive approach. However, complications associated with endovascular repair are quite frequent and optimal interventional technique still remains to be established. Materials and methods: The aim of this post hoc survey was to analyze results of endovascular treatments for symptomatic dissections of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries, which were performed under protection and with the use of double-layer mesh stents. During endovascular procedure catheters, stents and protection systems were tailored acc…
Mapificación de los centros de acogida de menores en la Comunidad Valenciana, España
2018
Tras casi veinte años, se realizó recientemente en España una reforma normativa que afecta al sistema de protección a la infancia y a la adolescencia, a través de la Ley 26/2015, del 28 de julio, y de la Ley Orgánica, del 22 de julio, de modificación del sis-tema de protección. En ellas, vuelve a establecerse que el servicio de acogimiento resi-dencial será una de las medidas de protección que se podrá decretar cuando nos encon-tremos ante un niño o niña en situación de desprotección. Al ser uno de sus principios normativos “mantener al/la menor lo más cerca posible de su entorno de origen”, nos propusimos conocer cuál era la mapificación de los centros de acogida existentes en la Comunidad…
Hsp 56 mRNA in Paracentrotus lividus embryos binds to a mitochondrial protein
2007
We previously demonstrated that Paracentrotus lividus Hsp56 mitochondrial chaperonin is constitutively expressed during development, that it has a specific territorial distribution, both in normal and heat-shocked embryos, and that its amount increases after heat shock [Roccheri MC, Patti M, Agnello M, Gianguzza F, Carra E, Rinaldi AM. Localization of mitochondrial Hsp56 chaperonin during sea urchin development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001;287:1093-98] and cadmium treatment [Roccheri MC, Agnello M, Boneventura R, Matranga V. Cadmium induces the expression of specific stress proteins in sea urchin embryos. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004;321:80-7]. In this study, we looked at Hsp56 mRNA …
Therapeutic use of omega-3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder
2011
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, chronic affective disorder, associated with significant disability, morbidity and premature mortality. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play several important roles in brain development and functioning. Evidence from animal models of dietary omega-3 (n-3) PUFA deficiency suggest that these fatty acids are relevant to promote brain development and to regulate behavioral and neurochemical aspects related to mood disorders, such as stress responses, depression and aggression, as well as dopaminergic content and function. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests roles for PUFAs in BD. n-3 PUFAs seem to be an effective adjunctive treatment for unip…
Importance of Individual Enzymes in the Control of Ultimate Carcinogens
1995
The metabolic activation of most chemical mutagens and carcinogens is a prerequisite for their mutagenic and carcinogenic activity. Reactive metabolites are under the control of activating, inactivating and precursor sequestering enzymes. These enzymes are under the long-term control of induction and repression and under the short-term control of posttranslational modification. As far as carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes are concerned, posttranslational modification has received little attention. This short-term regulation may be especially important since it works fast and may affect the enzymatic activity as well as the degradation of the enzyme. The enzymatic activity is modified by activa…
Changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic CO 2 assimilation and xanthophyll cycle interconversions during dehydration in desiccation-tole…
1998
The interactions among water content, chlorophyll a fluorescence emission, xanthophyll interconversions and net photosynthesis were analyzed during dehydration in desiccation-tolerant Frullania dilatata (L.) Dum. and desiccation-intolerant Pellia endiviifolia (Dicks) Dum. Water loss led to a progressive suppression of photosynthetic carbon assimilation in both species. Their chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at low water content were: low photosynthetic quantum conversion efficiency, high excitation pressure on photosystem II and strong non-photochemical quenching. However, dissipation activity was lower in P. endiviifolia and was not accompanied by a rise in the concentration of de-…
1,2-Dipolar addition model for the cytoprotective activity of selected α,β-unsaturated compounds with CO functionality: an ab initio study
2001
Abstract The mechanism of the addition of a nucleophile (an alkylthiol group) to a double bond of α,β-unsaturated systems in the gas phase was explored. In this study, intermediates of the reaction were also investigated using ab initio calculations (RHF/6-31G ∗ and MP2/6-31+G ∗ ). Our results indicate that direct dipolar attack of the S–H group of an alkylthiol on the CC double bond is a reasonable reaction path. The present results represent, therefore, additional support for our hypothesis. This suggests that the mechanism of cytoprotection might be mediated, at least in part, by a reaction between the olefinic acceptor and the sulfhydryl-containing groups of the mucosa.