Search results for "PROTOTYPES"

showing 10 items of 14 documents

Pragmatic languages with universal grammars

2012

Abstract This paper constructs the equilibrium for a specific code that can be seen as a “universal grammar” in a class of common interest Sender–Receiver games where players communicate through a noisy channel. We propose a Senderʼs signaling strategy which does not depend on either the game payoffs or the initial probability distribution. The Receiverʼs strategy partitions the set of possible sequences into subsets, with a single action assignment to each of them. The Senderʼs signaling strategy is a Nash equilibrium, i.e. when the Receiver responds best to the Senderʼs strategy, the Sender has no incentive to deviate. An example shows that a tie-breaking decoding is crucial for the block…

Computer Science::Computer Science and Game TheoryEconomics and EconometricsTheoretical computer sciencejel:C61jel:D82Symmetric gamejel:C73TheoryofComputation_GENERALgrammar pragmatic language prototypes separating equilibriasymbols.namesakeNash equilibriumsymbolsCode (cryptography)Probability distributionCommunication sourceSignaling gameSet (psychology)FinanceDecoding methodsComputer Science::Information TheoryMathematicsGames and Economic Behavior
researchProduct

Concepts, proto-concepts, and shades of reasoning in neural networks

2019

One of the most important functions of concepts is that of producing classifications; and since there are at least two different types of such things, we better give a preliminary short description of them both. The first kind of classification is based on the existence of a property common to all the things that fall under a concept. The second, instead, relies on similarities between the objects belonging to a certain class A and certain elements of a subclass AS of A, the so-called ‘stereotypes.’ In what follows, we are going to call ‘proto-concepts’ all those concepts whose power of classification depends on stereotypes, leaving the term ‘concepts’ for all the others. The main aim of th…

Concepts proto-concepts stereotypes prototypes neural networks machine learningSettore M-FIL/02 - Logica E Filosofia Della Scienza
researchProduct

Fractal-structured multifocal intraocular lens

2017

[EN] In this work, we present a new concept of IOL design inspired by the demonstrated properties of reduced chromatic aberration and extended depth of focus of Fractal zone plates. A detailed description of a proof of concept IOL is provided. The result was numerically characterized, and fabricated by lathe turning. The prototype was tested in vitro using dedicated optical system and software. The theoretical Point Spread Function along the optical axis, computed for several wavelengths, showed that for each wavelength, the IOL produces two main foci surrounded by numerous secondary foci that partially overlap each other for different wavelengths. The result is that both, the near focus an…

DiffractionOptical PhenomenaFocus (geometry)VisionSocial Scienceslcsh:MedicinePhysics::Optics01 natural sciences0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologylcsh:ScienceLens (Anatomy)PhysicsMultidisciplinaryPhysicsOphthalmic ProceduresCataract SurgeryOptical LensesWavelengthFractalsOptical EquipmentPhysical SciencesEngineering and TechnologySensory PerceptionAnatomyDiffractionResearch ArticlePoint spread functionOcular AnatomyGeometryEquipmentSurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresIn Vitro TechniquesProsthesis DesignProof of Concept Study010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesFractalOpticsOcular SystemOptical transfer function0103 physical sciencesChromatic aberrationPrototypesComputer Simulationbusiness.industrylcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesModels TheoreticalMultifocal Intraocular LensesOptical axisTechnology DevelopmentFISICA APLICADAWaves030221 ophthalmology & optometryEyeslcsh:QbusinessHeadMathematicsNeuroscience
researchProduct

The iconic interface for the PIctorial C language

2003

Iconic environments intend to provide expressive tools to implement, to debug and to execute programs. Moreover its pictorial constructs guide the user to design algorithms in an interactive fashion. Visual interfaces are especially required whenever programs run on an heterogeneous and reconfigurable multiprocessor system oriented to image analysis. Pictorial tools help the user to control the scope of variables, and the distribution of the tasks into the processors. In this paper, the general design, the visual-syntax, and the implementation of the first prototype of an iconic user interface for the PIctorial C Language (PICL) are described. >

Functional programmingSettore INF/01 - InformaticaInterface (Java)business.industryProgramming languageComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectcomputer.software_genreVisualizationDebuggingIconic Interface Visual languages visual programming Algorithm design and analysis Graphics Image analysis Computer languages Flowcharts Prototypes Visualization Functional programming AutomataGraphicsUser interfacebusinesscomputerScope (computer science)Graphical user interfacemedia_commonProceedings IEEE Workshop on Visual Languages
researchProduct

A Novel Semi-Supervised Methodology for Extracting Tumor Type-Specific MRS Sources in Human Brain Data

2013

Background: The clinical investigation of human brain tumors often starts with a non-invasive imaging study, providing \ud information about the tumor extent and location, but little insight into the biochemistry of the analyzed tissue. Magnetic \ud Resonance Spectroscopy can complement imaging by supplying a metabolic fingerprint of the tissue. This study analyses \ud single-voxel magnetic resonance spectra, which represent signal information in the frequency domain. Given that a single \ud voxel may contain a heterogeneous mix of tissues, signal source identification is a relevant challenge for the problem of\ud tumor type classification from the spectroscopic signal.\ud Methodology/Princ…

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyStatistics as TopicBioinformaticsSignalDiagnostic RadiologyEngineeringDiscriminative modelBasic Cancer ResearchMathematical ComputingNeurological TumorsComplement (set theory)PhysicsMultidisciplinaryBrain NeoplasmsApplied MathematicsQRBrainMagnetic Resonance ImagingIdentification (information)OncologyFrequency domainMetric (mathematics)MedicineRadiologyAlgorithmsResearch ArticleScienceLipid signalingGlioblastoma multiformeMatrix decompositionRC0254Magnetic resonance imagingCancer detection and diagnosisMagnetic resonance spectroscopyCancer Detection and DiagnosisHumansPrototypesbusiness.industryFingerprint (computing)Cancers and NeoplasmsData acquisitionPattern recognitionComputing MethodsR1Computer ScienceSignal ProcessingRC0321Artificial intelligencebusinessMathematics
researchProduct

Sexual orientation predicts men’s preferences for sexually dimorphic face-shape characteristics: A replication study

2020

Many researchers have proposed that straight men prefer women’s faces displaying feminine shape characteristics at least partly because mating with such women will produce healthier offspring. Although a prediction of thisadaptation-for-mate-choicehypothesis is that straight men will show stronger preferences for feminized versus masculinized versions of women’s faces than will gay men, only one previous study has directly tested this prediction. Here we directly replicated that study by comparing 623 gay and 3163 straight men’s preferences for feminized versus masculinized versions of faces. Consistent with the adaptation-for-mate-choice hypothesis of straight men’s femininity preferences,…

MaleEthnic groupSocial Sciences050109 social psychologyChoice Behavior5. Gender equalityPsychological AttitudesMedicine and Health SciencesEthnicitiesPsychologyHomosexualsmedia_commonSex CharacteristicsMultidisciplinaryQ05 social sciencesRResearch AssessmentFemininityResearch DesignMasculinitybehavior and behavior mechanismsMedicineEngineering and TechnologyFemaleAnatomyPsychologySocial psychologyResearch ArticleAdultSciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectSexual BehaviorReplication StudiesBFResearch and Analysis MethodsInterpersonal Relationships050105 experimental psychologyFace shapeInterpersonal relationshipPrototypesHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesMasculinityBiology and Life SciencesSexual dimorphismFemininityTechnology DevelopmentCollective Human BehaviorFacePeople and PlacesSexual orientationRomantic partnersPopulation GroupingsHeadSexuality GroupingsPLoS ONE
researchProduct

The ALICE Transition Radiation Detector: Construction, operation, and performance

2018

The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) was designed and built to enhance the capabilities of the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While aimed at providing electron identification and triggering, the TRD also contributes significantly to the track reconstruction and calibration in the central barrel of ALICE. In this paper the design, construction, operation, and performance of this detector are discussed. A pion rejection factor of up to 410 is achieved at a momentum of 1 GeV/$c$ in p-Pb collisions and the resolution at high transverse momentum improves by about 40% when including the TRD information in track reconstruction. The triggering capability is demonstrated both …

Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]TRPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCOLLIDING BEAM EXPERIMENT; ELECTRON IDENTIFICATION; DRIFT CHAMBERS; TRD PROTOTYPES; ENERGY-LOSS; GEV/C; COLLISIONS; PIONSparticle identification [electron]Ionisation energy loTracking (particle physics)Transition radiation detector ; Multi-wire proportional drift chamber ; Fibre/foam sandwich radiator ; Xenon-based gas mixture ; Tracking ; Ionisation energy loss ; dE/dx ; TR ; Electron-pion identification ; Neural network ; Trigger01 natural sciencesParticle identificationdesign [detector]ALICEDetectors and Experimental Techniquesmomentum resolutionNuclear Experimentphysics.ins-detInstrumentationPhysicsPROTOTYPESLarge Hadron Collidertransition radiation detector; multi-wire proportional drift chamber;; fibre/foam sandwich radiator; Xenon-based gas mixture; tracking;; Ionisation energy loss; dE/dx; TR; electron-pion identification; Neural; network; trigger; COLLIDING BEAM EXPERIMENT; ELECTRON IDENTIFICATION; DRIFT CHAMBERS; TRD; PROTOTYPES; ENERGY-LOSS; GEV/C; COLLISIONS; PIONStrack data analysisTrackingPIONSDetectorVDP::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)trackingtransition radiation detector:Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]ddc:PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.Xenon-based gas mixtureTransition radiation detector:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]VDP::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431GEV/Cmulti-wire proportional drift chamberperformanceParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCOLLISIONSelectron-pion identificationneural networkInstrumentationFOS: Physical sciencesTransition radiation detector; Multi-wire proportional drift chamber; Fibre/foam sandwich radiator; Xenon-based gas mixture; Tracking; Ionisation energy loss; dE/dx; TR; Electron-pion identification; Neural network; Trigger114 Physical sciencesMomentumNuclear physicsionisation energy loss0103 physical sciencesdE/dxDRIFT CHAMBERSdE/dx Electron-pion identification Fibre/foam sandwich radiator Ionisation energy loss Multi-wire proportional drift chamber Neural network TR Tracking Transition radiation detector Trigger Xenon-based gas mixture Nuclear and High Energy Physics Instrumentation.ddc:530[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]seuranta010306 general physicsdetector: designNuclear and High Energy PhysicNeuralCOLLIDING BEAM EXPERIMENTTRD PROTOTYPESelectron: particle identificationta114010308 nuclear & particles physics:Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]fibre/foam sandwich radiatortriggercalibrationNATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.Neural networkdE/dx; Electron-pion identification; Fibre/foam sandwich radiator; Ionisation energy loss; Multi-wire proportional drift chamber; Neural network; TR; Tracking; Transition radiation detector; Trigger; Xenon-based gas mixtureTriggerdE/dx; Electron-pion identification; Fibre/foam sandwich radiator; Ionisation energy loss; Multi-wire proportional drift chamber; Neural network; TR; Tracking; Transition radiation detector; Trigger; Xenon-based gas mixture; Nuclear and High Energy Physics; InstrumentationnetworkELECTRON IDENTIFICATIONTRDHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentALICE (propellant)ENERGY-LOSSNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
researchProduct

TRITIUM - A Real-Time Tritium Monitor System for Water Quality Surveillance

2018

In this work the development results of the TRITIUM project is presented. The main objective of the project is the construction of a near real-time monitor for low activity tritium in water, aimed at in-situ surveillance and radiological protection of river water in the vicinity of nuclear power plants. The European Council Directive 2013/51/Euratom requires that the maximum level of tritium in water for human consumption to be lower than 100 Bq/L. Tritium levels in the cooling water of nuclear power plants in normal operation are much higher than the levels caused by the natural and cosmogenic components, and may easily surmount the limit required by the Directive. The current liquid-scint…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsMonitoringNuclear engineeringSurface treatmentFOS: Physical sciences7. Clean energy01 natural scienceslaw.inventionSilicon photomultiplierlaw0103 physical sciencesNuclear power plantWater coolingPrototypes[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Nuclear power6. Clean waterElectricity generation13. Climate actionOptical sensorsEnvironmental radioactivityEnvironmental scienceTritiumWater qualitybusinessCoolingPower generation
researchProduct

The use of sea waves for generation of electrical energy: a linear tubular asynchronous electrical generator

2007

A linear tubular asynchronous generator to be used as generator driven by seawave is presented. The design criteria of a TLIM with hollowed iron induced part as well as the technological processes to be adopted and the materials utilized in the various parts are described. The methodologies for mechanical assembling and electric wiring are considered too. Finally, the prototype with bimetallic induced part that has been designed and built is presented and some experimental results on electrical and mechanical variables are shown.

Sea wavesEngineeringbusiness.industryElectric potential energyInduction generatorMechanical engineeringElectric generatorInduction generators Stator windings Iron Prototypes Frequency Permanent magnets Voltage Telecommunications AssemblySettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti Elettricilaw.inventionGenerator (circuit theory)Asynchronous communicationlawWind waveWave power generationbusinessOCEANS 2007
researchProduct

PROTOTIPI O FORME SCHEMATICHE? PER UNA FORMA ENUNCIATIVA DI CATEGORIZZAZIONE

2006

The paper aims at explaining the notion of lexical polysemy by means of some theoretical metalinguistic construction.

Semantica Potential Schematic Form Polysemy Enunciation PrototypesSettore M-FIL/05 - Filosofia E Teoria Dei Linguaggi
researchProduct