Search results for "PTO"
showing 10 items of 28599 documents
Synthesis of Amino-1,2,4-triazoles by Reductive ANRORC Rearrangements of 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles
2010
The reaction of various 1,2,4-oxadiazoles with an excess of hydrazine in DMF has been investigated. 3-Amino- 1,2,4-triazoles are produced through a reductive ANRORC pathway consisting of the addition of hydrazine to the 1,2,4-oxadiazole followed by ring-opening, ring-closure, and final reduction of the 3-hydroxylamino-1,2,4-triazole intermediate. The general applicability of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles ANRORC reactivity is demonstrated also in the absence of C(5)-linked electron-withdrawing groups.
Controlling Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination at Tin(I) via Hemi-Lability.
2021
We report on the synthesis of a distannyne supported by a pincer ligand bearing pendant amine donors that is capable of reversibly activating E–H bonds at one or both of the tin centres through dissociation of the hemi-labile N–Sn donor/acceptor interactions. This chemistry can be exploited to sequentially (and reversibly) assemble mixed-valence chains of tin atoms of the type ArSn{Sn(Ar)H} n SnAr ( n = 1, 2). The experimentally observed (decreasing) propensity towards chain growth with increasing chain length can be rationalized both thermodynamically and kinetically by the electron-withdrawing properties of the –Sn(Ar)H– backbone units generated via oxidative addition. peerReviewed
Transcriptome analysis after a strong oxidative stress highlighted a mesoangioblast stem cell sub-population with important different capability
2014
Mesoangioblast stem cell population is non-omogeneous as revealed by transcriptome analysis after a severe oxidative stress.
2014
A Deadly Liaison between Oxidative Injury and p53 Drives Methyl-Gallate-Induced Autophagy and Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells
2023
Methyl gallate (MG), which is a gallotannin widely found in plants, is a polyphenol used in traditional Chinese phytotherapy to alleviate several cancer symptoms. Our studies provided evidence that MG is capable of reducing the viability of HCT116 colon cancer cells, while it was found to be ineffective on differentiated Caco-2 cells, which is a model of polarized colon cells. In the first phase of treatment, MG promoted both early ROS generation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, sustained by elevated PERK, Grp78 and CHOP expression levels, as well as an upregulation in intracellular calcium content. Such events were accompanied by an autophagic process (16–24 h), where prolonging the …
Oxymetazoline modulates proinflammatory cytokines and the T‐cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells
2007
The nasal decongestant oxymetazoline (OMZ) is frequently used in the topical treatment of rhinitis/sinusitis. As proinflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the development and maintenance of local inflammation, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of OMZ on immune cells in order to diminish the mucosal infiltration of the nose. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from buffy coats of healthy volunteers were isolated and stimulated in the presence or absence of OMZ. In addition, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) were generated and different concentrations of OMZ were added. DC phenotype and their T-cell stimulatory properties were analysed. The vasoactive su…
Oxysterol mixture in hypercholesterolemia-relevant proportion causes oxidative stress-dependent eryptotic activity.
2014
Increased dosage of Ink4/Arf protects against glucose intolerance and insulin resistance associated with aging
2013
Recent genome-wide association studies have linked type-2 diabetes mellitus to a genomic region in chromosome 9p21 near the Ink4/Arf locus, which encodes tumor suppressors that are up-regulated in a variety of mammalian organs during aging. However, it is unclear whether the susceptibility to type-2 diabetes is associated with altered expression of the Ink4/Arf locus. In the present study, we investigated the role of Ink4/Arf in age-dependent alterations of insulin and glucose homeostasis using Super-Ink4/Arf mice which bear an extra copy of the entire Ink4/Arf locus. We find that, in contrast to age-matched wild-type controls, Super-Ink4/Arf mice do not develop glucose intolerance with agi…
Activation of the p38MAPK cascade is associated with upregulation of TNF alpha receptors in the spinal motor neurons of mouse models of familial ALS.
2005
Phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), but not activated c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), increases in the motor neurons of transgenic mice overexpressing ALS-linked SOD1 mutants at different stages of the disease. This effect is associated with a selective increase of phosphorylated MKK3-6, MKK4 and ASK1 and a concomitant upregulation of the TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2), but not IL1beta and Fas receptors. Activation of both p38 MAPK and JNK occurs in the activated microglial cells of SOD1 mutant mice at the advanced stage of the disease; however, this effect is not accompanied by the concomitant activation of the upstream kinases ASK1 and MKK3,4,6, while both …
Genetic profile and immunohistochemical study of clear cell renal carcinoma: Pathological-anatomical correlation and prognosis.
2021
Abstract Introduction Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2–3% of all tumors being the most frequent solid lesion in the kidney. Objective To determine what genetic alterations and immunohistochemical (IHC) of clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) are associated with prognosis and tumor aggressiveness. Patients and Methods Experimental analytical study with 57 patients who underwent radical and partial nephrectomy between 2005 and 2011, all with diagnosis of ccRCC and minimum post-operative follow-up of 36 months. The pathological study included IHC determination of biomarkers associated (CAIX, CAM 5.2, CD10, c-erbB-2, EGFR, HIF-1a, Ki67, MDM2, PAX-2 y 8, p53, survivin and VEGFR 1 and 2). …