Search results for "PULMONARY"

Perfil farmacológico del roflumilast

2010

Roflumilast (3-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-difluoromethoxy-n-(3,5-dichloropyrid-4-yl)benzamide) was the first agent of a novel pharmacological class, selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE(4)) inhibitors, approved for the use of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The molecular mechanism of action of roflumilast is inhibition of the PDE(4) isoenzyme with a consequent increase of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Roflumilast evidently has several pharmacological effects: antiinflammatory, anti-emphysema, and antibiotic actions. This drug also inhibits pulmonary hypertension and reduces mucus hypersecretion. The pharmacological actions leading to these effects are: a) inhibition of reactive oxyg…

Corrigendum to “Healthcare costs of the SATisfaction and adherence to COPD treatment (SAT) study follow-up” [Respir. Med. 153 (2019) 68–75]

2019

Cardiovascular Events During and After Bronchiectasis Exacerbations and Long-term Mortality.

2022

ABSTRACT Background Population-based and retrospective studies have shown that risk for cardiovascular events such as arrythmias, ischemic episodes or heart failure, increase during and after bronchiectasis exacerbations. Research Question What are the risk factors for cardiovascular events (CVE) during and after bronchiectasis exacerbations and its impact on mortality? Study Design and Methods This was a post-hoc retrospective analysis of a prospective observational study of 250 patients with bronchiectasis at two tertiary care hospitals. Only the first exacerbation was considered for each patient, collecting demographic, comorbidity, and severity data. The main outcomes were the appearanc…

S61 Analysis of the efficacy and safety of the combination of tiotropium + olodaterol in patients with COPD by previous usage of inhaled corticostero…

2015

Rationale Tiotropium (T), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, and olodaterol (O), a long-acting β 2 -agonist (both administered once daily), have been studied as a once-daily combination. Two Phase III studies have demonstrated that T+O significantly improved lung function and symptoms over T and O monotherapy treatments in patients with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 1 During these studies, patients were allowed to continue existing treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS); this analysis was conducted to determine the effects of study treatment in patients receiving or not receiving ICS as reported at baseline. Methods A total of 5162 patients we…

Aclidinium inhibits human lung fibroblast to myofibroblast transition

2011

Background Fibroblast to myofibroblast transition is believed to contribute to airway remodelling in lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study examines the role of aclidinium, a new long-acting muscarinic antagonist, on human fibroblast to myofibroblast transition. Methods Human bronchial fibroblasts were stimulated with carbachol (10 −8 to 10 −5  M) or transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1; 2 ng/ml) in the presence or absence of aclidinium (10 −9 to 10 −7  M) or different drug modulators for 48 h. Characterisation of myofibroblasts was performed by analysis of collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) mRNA and protein expression as well as α…

Pulmonary hypertension associated with ponatinib therapy

2016

IF 8.332; International audience; A case of pulmonary hypertension associated with ponatinib therapy in a chronic myelogenous leukaemia patient.

Device Therapy for Rate Control: Pacing, Resynchronisation and AV Node Ablation

2017

Atrioventricular node ablation (AVNA) is generally reserved for patients whose atrial fibrillation (AF) is refractory all other therapeutic options, since the recipients will often become pacemaker dependent. In such patients, this approach may prove particularly useful, especially if a tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy is suspected. Historically, an "ablate and pace" approach has involved AVNA and right ventricular pacing, with or without an atrial lead. There is also an evolving role for atrioventricular node ablation in patients with AF who require cardiac resynchronisation therapy for treatment of systolic heart failure. A mortality benefit over pharmacotherapy has been demonstrated in…

Protocol for the EARCO Registry

2020

Rationale and objectives Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic condition that leads to an increased risk of emphysema and liver disease. Despite extensive investigation, there remain unanswered questions concerning the natural history, pathophysiology, genetics and the prognosis of the lung disease in association with AATD. The European Alpha-1 Clinical Research Collaboration (EARCO) is designed to bring together researchers from European countries and to create a standardised database for the follow-up of patients with AATD. Study design and population The EARCO Registry is a non-interventional, multicentre, pan-European, longitudinal observational cohort study enrolling patie…

Which factors affect the choice of the inhaler in chronic obstructive respiratory diseases?

2015

Inhalation is the preferred route of drug administration in chronic respiratory diseases because it optimises delivery of the active compounds to the targeted site and minimises side effects from systemic distribution. The choice of a device should be made after careful evaluation of the patient's clinical condition (degree of airway obstruction, comorbidities), as well as their ability to coordinate the inhalation manoeuvre and to generate sufficient inspiratory flow. These patient factors must be aligned with the specific advantages and limitations of each inhaler when making this important choice. Finally, adherence to treatment is not the responsibility of the patient alone, but should …

Severe eosinophilic asthma: a roadmap to consensus

2017

Asthma is widely accepted as a complex heterogeneous condition with diverse pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentations, comorbidities, physiological characteristics, pathology and outcomes that is typically best managed by a multidisciplinary team [1–4]. Severe asthma is recognised as a major unmet need with a high personal and social impact, as well as a high burden on healthcare resources [4]. As a consequence of advances in the development of precision medicines for patients with severe asthma, the need to identify asthma subtypes by phenotype based on clinical, functional or inflammatory parameters is becoming a mandatory part of management [4–6]. Severe eosinophilic asthma (…