Search results for "PULMONARY"
showing 10 items of 3030 documents
The geriatric asthma: pitfalls and challenges
2016
Historically, asthma has been envisioned as a disease of younger ages. This has led to the assumption that respiratory symptoms suggestive of asthma occurring in older ages are to be attributed to conditions other than asthma, mainly COPD. Old observational reports and new epidemiological studies confirm that asthma is as frequent in older as it is in younger populations. Nevertheless, under-recognition, misdiagnosis and under-treatment are still relevant issues. The characterization of asthma in the aged suffers from the fact that there has been very little original research in this field. Indeed, geriatric asthma is often excluded from clinical trials because of age and comorbidities. The…
Tachykinin-, calcitonin gene-related peptide-, and protein gene product 9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibers in alveolar walls of mammals.
1991
The presence and distribution of the presumed pan-neural marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP)- and peptide-immunoreactive (ir) nerve fibers in alveolar walls of various species was investigated by light microscopic single and double staining immunohistochemistry. PGP-, tachykinin (TK)-, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CRGP)-ir fibers were sparsely distributed in a similar pattern in alveolar walls of all species investigated. No vasoactive intestinal peptide-, peptide histidine isoleucine-, galanin-, and opioid-ir nerve fibers could be detected. PGP-ir fibers outnumbered those staining for TKs and CGRP. There was partial coexistence of PGP and TK as well as of TK and CRGP. PGP-, TK-, …
Splanchnic perfusion and regional pulmonary blood flow during cardiac bypass
2001
The Activation Pattern of the Antioxidant Enzymes in the Right Ventricle of Rat in Response to Pressure Overload is of Heart Failure Type
2003
In the left ventricle subjected to pressure overload activity, the antioxidant enzymes increased at the hyperfunctional stage. During the transition to heart failure, these enzymes are down-regulated, oxidative stress increases, and apoptosis progresses. Maladaptative activation of the antioxidant enzymes at an early stage may contribute to the intrinsic vulnerability of right ventricle to pressure overload. The authors studied changes in expression and activity of the enzymes manganese and copper-zinc superoxide dismutases, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in the right ventricle of rat following induction of pulmonary hypertension by injection of monocrotaline. Increase in the manganes…
Anomalous Origins of the Left Main Coronary Artery From the Noncoronary Sinus and of the Right Coronary Artery From the Left Sinus of Valsalva
1997
A 70-year-old man was referred for recent-onset angina. The ECG showed a right-axis deviation and signs of an old anterior infarction with loss of R waves in leads V1 through V5. Chest radiograph demonstrated a markedly enlarged heart, which was shifted to the left side with discrete signs of pulmonary congestion. Transthoracic echocardiography, which was limited by poor imaging quality, revealed a normal left ventricular cavity with reduced ejection fraction (40%) due to hypokinesia of the anterior wall. Coronary angiography showed the dominant RCA to originate from the left sinus of Valsalva. It coursed between the aorta and the pulmonary artery to the right (Figs …
LSC Abstract – Lung-derived prostacyclin (PGI) in endothelial dysfunction in db/db mice
2016
Aim: Increased risk of pulmonary hypertension and not clear response of pulmonary endothelium to diabetes were reasons to compare nitric oxide (NO) and PGI-dependent function in pulmonary and systemic circulation in diabetes type II. Methods: In fasted db mice (male, 20 weeks) we compared the function of pulmonary (isolated perfused lung-IPL) and aortic endothelium (wire myograph). It was supported by determination of nitrite(NO 2 - )/nitrate(NO 3 - ), PGI production, immunostaining (IMS) and western blot. Results: In diabetic IPL NO-dependent modulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction was impaired but filtration coefficient increased; response to U46619 was enhanced; cumulative gener…
COVID ‐19, thromboembolic risk, and Virchow's triad: Lesson from the past
2020
Abstract COronavirus Infectious Disease which started in 2019 (COVID‐19) usually presents with the signs and symptoms of pneumonia. However, a growing number of recent reports highlight the fact that the infection may be by far more than only a respiratory disease. There is evidence of an increased thromboembolic risk in COVID‐19 patients, with a variety of manifestations in terms of ischemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis, acute pulmonary embolism, acute myocardial infarction, systemic arterial embolism, and placental thrombosis. The German physician Rudolph Virchow, about two centuries ago, described three pivotal factors contributing together to thromboembolic risk: endothelial injury, hyp…
Experimental study on the effects of physical training on the defibrillation threshold
2011
Background: Chest compression artifacts during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) deteriorate the rhythm diagnosis of automated external defibrillators (AED). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation must therefore be interrupted for a reliable shock/no-shock decision. However, these hands-off intervals adversely affect the defibrillation success, and, in addition, pauses in chest compressions compromise circulation. An accurate diagnosis of the rhythmwhile performing CPR is therefore needed to minimize these hands-off intervals. Methods: The characteristics of the CPR artifact are very variable, and the artifact presents an important spectral overlap with human cardiac arrest rhythms. Consequently, …
Cardiovascular and Other Health Benefits of Sauna Bathing:A Review of the Evidence
2018
Sauna bathing, an activity that has been a tradition in Finland for thousands of years and mainly used for the purposes of pleasure and relaxation, is becoming increasingly popular in many other populations. Emerging evidence suggests that beyond its use for pleasure, sauna bathing may be linked to several health benefits, which include reduction in the risk of vascular diseases such as high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and neurocognitive diseases; nonvascular conditions such as pulmonary diseases; mortality; as well as amelioration of conditions such as arthritis, headache, and flu. The beneficial effects of sauna bathing on these outcomes have been linked to its effect on circu…