Search results for "PULMONARY"
showing 10 items of 3030 documents
Effect of Salmeterol on Seasonal Changes in Airway Responsiveness and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Pollen-Sensitive Asthmatic Subjects
2002
Objective Using a model of natural allergen exposure, we examined the effect of regular treatment with salmeterol on allergen-induced changes in airway responsiveness and exhaled nitric oxide (ENO). Design Double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study. Setting Specialist allergy unit in a university hospital. Patients Asthmatic patients sensitized to pollen allergens were randomly allocated to monotherapy with salmeterol (n = 14) or placebo (n = 13). Interventions Salmeterol, 25 μg, and placebo inhalers, two puffs bid, for 6 weeks. Measurements Spirometry, the level of a provocative concentration of a substance (methacholine) causing a 20% fall in FEV 1 (PC 20 ), the PC 20 level for adenos…
18-yr cumulative incidence of respiratory/allergic symptoms/diseases and risk factors in the Pisa epidemiological study
2019
Abstract Background Few population-based studies on the effects of environmental exposure variation exist. Aim Assessing respiratory symptom/disease incidence related to risk factor exposure changes. Methods A longitudinal general population sample from two surveys (PISA2:1991–1993; PISA3:2009–2011; no. = 970), aged ≥20 years at baseline, completed a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms/diseases, risk factor exposure and performed spirometry. 18-year follow-up cumulative incidence of respiratory symptoms/diseases and longitudinal changes (persistence, incidence, remittance) in risk factor exposure were computed. Results Cumulative incidence values were: 3.2% (corresponding to a 1.8‰/year i…
The Effect of Spirometry on Bronchial and Alveolar Nitric Oxide in Subjects with Asthma
2013
The effect of spirometric maneuvers on exhaled nitric oxide (NO) at the constant flow rate of 50 ml/s (FE(NO)) has been studied with equivocal results. Furthermore, the effects of spirometry on bronchial NO flux (J'aw(NO)) and alveolar NO (CA(NO)), two measurements increasingly being used in clinical and research protocols, are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of spirometry on FE(NO), J'aw(NO), and CA(NO) in adults with asthma.Forty-four adults with asthma were studied. To assess the impact of exhaled NO measurement itself on exhaled NO values, FE(NO), J'aw(NO), and CA(NO) were obtained twice, at baseline and after a resting period of 10 min. Then spirometry (with o…
Airway Responsiveness to Histamine in Patients Refractory to Repeated Exercise
1988
To investigate the mechanisms contributing to refractoriness in exercise-induced asthma (EIA), airway responsiveness to histamine was studied in eight asthmatic patients. Patients were included in the study on the basis of their refractory response to multiple exercise challenges. Incremental challenges with inhaled histamine were performed at rest and 40 minutes after single and paired exercise tests. The geometric mean histamine concentration required to produce a 20 percent fall in FEV1 (PC20) for the challenge after paired exercise test (4.34 mg/ml) was significantly higher (p greater than 0.001) than those for the challenges after a single exercise (1.05 mg/ml) and for the challenge at…
Effects of Inhaled Fenoterol on the Circadian Rhythm of Expiratory Flow in Allergic Bronchial Asthma
1983
Metered-dose aerosol treatment with fenoterol for three consecutive days, in eight patients suffering from allergic asthma, caused the disappearance of FEV1 and MEF50 circadian rhythm. We attribute such behavior to the suppression of the bronchomotor tone induced by fenoterol. The administration on different days of a single dose of fenoterol aerosol in another group of eight patients pointed out the variability of the effects of the drug at different hours of the day. We believe the results obtained are important for a better dosage and time distribution of the therapy with beta2 agonists.
Monitoring free serum IgE in severe asthma patients treated with omalizumab
2012
SummaryBackgroundBenefit of treatment with the monoclonal anti-IgE-antibody omalizumab in severe IgE-dependent asthma requires a significant reduction of serum free IgE concentrations. It is unclear if monitoring free serum IgE is clinically meaningful once omalizumab treatment is initiated.MethodsFree IgE and omalizumab serum concentrations were quantified in 22 patients with severe asthma (68% female, 47 ± 11 yrs, mean (±SD) pre-bronchodilator FEV1 62 ± 13%, baseline mean (±SEM) free serum IgE 652 ± 136 ng/ml) treated with omalizumab for 4 months using a Recovery-ELISA.ResultsOmalizumab treatment reduced free serum IgE prior to the second omalizumab injection by 73%, after 16 weeks by 81%…
The prevalence of sleep impairments and predictors of sleep quality among patients with asthma
2020
Background: Sleep is a significant dimension of daily life. However, only a few studies have examined the sleep quality of asthmatics in a real-world clinical settings. Objective: This study is aimed to estimate the prevalence of sleep impairments among asthmatic patients and examine the relationship between sleep quality, asthma control, rhinitis symptoms, and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: The present study adopted the observational cross-sectional research design that has been designed by the Italian Respiratory Society and used valid assessments to measure the study variables. Results: Data from 1150 asthmatic patients (mean age 51.01 years ± 16.03) were subjected to analysi…
Characteristics and Prognostic Value of Morning Dipping of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Stable Asthmatic Subjects
1985
Characteristics and prognostic relevance of morning dip of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were evaluated in stable asthmatic subjects. Among 246 outpatients monitored four times daily for two weeks, 38 (group A) showed a significant difference between morning reading of PEFR and each of the others; they were compared to 38 randomly selected patients (group B) not showing morning dip in PEFR. Less frequent seasonal course, extrinsic pathogenesis, and sensitization to mites characterized group A; starting airflow limitation was more severe in those with morning dip, but no significant difference between mean PEFR measured throughout two weeks was found. At 6 to 12 weeks, morning dip was not…
Effect of QVA149 on lung volumes and exercise tolerance in COPD patients: The BRIGHT study
2014
Summary Introduction QVA149 is a novel, inhaled, once-daily dual bronchodilator containing a fixed-dose combination of the long-acting β 2 -agonist indacaterol and the long-acting muscarinic antagonist glycopyrronium (NVA237), for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study evaluated the effects of QVA149 on exercise tolerance, hyperinflation, lung function and lung volumes versus placebo and tiotropium. Methods Patients with moderate-to-severe COPD were randomized to QVA149 110/50 μg, placebo or tiotropium 18 μg once daily in a blinded, 3-period crossover study for 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was exercise endurance time at Day 21 for QVA149 versus placebo. R…
Benefits and risks of danazol in hereditary angioedema: a long-term survey of 118 patients
2008
Background Hereditary angioedema (HAE) due to C1 inhibitor deficiency is clinically characterized by relapsing skin swellings, abdominal pain attacks, and life-threatening upper airway obstruction. Treatment with androgens prevents attacks for those with this condition. Objective To examine the benefits and risks of long-term treatment with danazol. Methods Data were generated retrospectively from 118 German and Danish patients who had HAE due to C1 inhibitor deficiency and were treated with danazol from 2 months to 30 years. The frequency and severity of acute attacks were registered before and during danazol treatment, and adverse effects to the treatment were noted. Data were collected b…