Search results for "PULMONARY"

Lung involvement and drug-induced lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2013

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Usual interstitial pneumonia and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia seem to be the most frequent patterns in RA patients with ILD, although the proportion of patients with usual interstitial pneumonia is higher than among patients with other systemic rheumatic autoimmune diseases. RA patients with ILD most frequently present with chronic symptoms of cough and dyspnea when climbing stairs or walking uphill. A physical examination may reveal inhalatory crackles and a pulmonary function test demonstrates restrictive physiology, often with re…

The Dietary Inflammatory Index and asthma burden in children: A latent class analysis

2021

Introduction: Unbalanced dietary intake has been increasingly recognized as an important modifiable risk factor for asthma. In this study, we assessed whether a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with higher asthma burden in three steps: (1) identification of asthma latent classes (LC) based on symptoms, indoor exposures, and pulmonary function; (2) identification of risk factors associated with LC membership; and (3) estimation of the probabilities of LC membership with variation in DII. Methods: A cross-sectional study on 415 children aged 5–14 years (266 with persistent asthma and 149 controls). LC analysis was performed in asthmatic children. The DII was calculated based on a semiquant…

Guidelines on enhanced recovery after pulmonary lobectomy

2021

International audience; Objective : To establish recommendations for optimisation of the management of patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy, particularly Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS).Design : A consensus committee of 13 experts from the French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (Soci,t, franOaise d'anesth,sie et de r,animation, SFAR) and the French Society of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (Soci,t, franOaise de chirurgie thoracique et cardiovasculaire, SFCTCV) was convened. A formal conflict-of-interest policy was developed at the onset of the process and enforced throughout. The entire guidelines process was conducted independently of any industry funding.…

Anästhesiologisches Management bei der Versorgung von Mukoviszidose-Patienten1

2000

Objective: Improvements in the management of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) result in increased life expectancy. Thus it is likely that anesthetists will see this patients with increasing frequency. This study describes our experiences in the anesthetic management of CF patients. Methods: We descriptively and retrospectively reviewed the records of all CF patients from 1981 until 1997 who underwent elective surgery in our department of ear, nose and throat and in whom general anesthesia was required. Results: 199 anesthetics in 53 patients were reviewed. Premedication with midazolam (0.4±0.07 mg/kg) were given orally in 163 of the 199 anesthetics (82%). In 45 anesthetics the induction w…

Pulmonary Agenesis and Associated Pulmonary Hypertension: A Case Report and Review on Variability, Therapy, and Outcome

2015

Abstract Pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital disorder with large variability in presentation and prognosis. We describe a full-term infant born with right-sided pulmonary agenesis who underwent thoracoscopic placement of a tissue expander. He ultimately died of pulmonary hypertension. Immunohistology showed intimal hyperplasia without the loss of endothelial caveolin-1 expression. A literature review revealed that while some of these patients have favorable outcome, many succumb despite therapy.

Functional Data Analysis for ECG Recordings of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Patients Before and After Pulmonary Vein Isolation

2018

Pulmonary vein isolation is the cornestone of current ablation techniques for patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in order avoid recurrences of the arrhythmia and maintain sinus rhythm. This study aimed to analyse the existence of significant variations in surface ECG after pulmonary vein isolation by means of functional data analysis. 12 consecutive unselected patients suffering from paroxysmal atrial fibrillation who underwent catheter ablation were included in the study. Each patient was monitored in sinus rhythm before and after catheter ablation. P-waves of bipolar lead II were delineated. Functional data were fitted from these segments and the first and second derivatives eva…

New Challenges for the Pulmonologist in the Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Biological Treatment and Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2011

Separation of left atrium from right pulmonary artery: a new echocardiographic sign of pericardial effusion.

1981

We report a new echocardiographic sign of pericardial effusion in patients with pericardial effusion examined by the suprasternal approach. In normal individuals the right pulmonary artery is closely connected with the superior wall of the left atrium. A separation of these structures is only to be noticed during atrial contraction. In 12 of 17 patients with a pericardial effusion observed a separation of the left atrium from the right pulmonary artery ranging from 3 to 20 mm throughout the cardial cycle. We suggest that this echo-free zone represents fluid in the transverse pericardial sinus which is located between the two structures. In five patients with a small pericardial effusion (le…

LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTORS ON HUMAN PULMONARY VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM

1995

1. Cysteinyl-leukotrienes cause contractions and/or relaxations of human isolated pulmonary vascular preparations. Although, the localization and nature of the receptors through which these effects are mediated have not been fully characterized, some effects are indirect and not mediated via the well-described LT1 receptor. 2. In human pulmonary veins (HPV) with an intact endothelium, leukotriene D4 (LTD4) induced contraction above basal tone. This response was observed at lower concentrations of LTD4 in the presence of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG). Contractions (in the absence and presence of L-NOARG) were partially blocked by the LT1 antagonists (MK 5…

Increased Phospholipid Transfer Protein Activity Is Associated With Markers of Enhanced Lipopolysaccharide Clearance in Human During Cardiopulmonary …

2021

Introduction: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of gram-negative bacteria, known for its ability to trigger inflammation. The main pathway of LPS clearance is the reverse lipopolysaccharide transport (RLT), with phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) and lipoproteins playing central roles in this process in experimental animal models. To date, the relevance of this pathway has never been studied in humans. Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is known to favor LPS digestive translocation. Our objective was to determine whether pre-operative PLTP activity and triglyceride or cholesterol-rich lipoprotein concentrations were associated to LPS concentrations in patients undergoing ca…