Search results for "Particle accelerator"

showing 10 items of 180 documents

First operation of the superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator as an energy recovery linac

2020

The superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator (S-DALINAC) has been operated as an energy recovery linac (ERL) for the first time. The S-DALINAC is a recirculating superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) accelerator and had been upgraded with an additional recirculation beamline. It features a path length adjustment system that provides a freedom of choice of 360\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} for the rf phase difference between the electron bunches recirculated through the new beamline and the phase of the accelerating ${\mathrm{TM}}_{010}$ mode of the oscillating electromagnetic field in the SRF cavities of the accelerator. A choice of around 180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree…

Electromagnetic fieldSuperconductivityPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Phase (waves)Particle acceleratorSurfaces and InterfacesKinetic energylaw.inventionNuclear physicsBeamlinelawlcsh:QC770-798Physics::Accelerator Physicslcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityEnergy (signal processing)Beam (structure)Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
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First attempt of the measurement of the beam polarization at an accelerator with the optical electron polarimeter POLO

2005

The conventional methods for measuring the polarization of electron beams are either time consuming, invasive or accurate only to a few percent. We developped a method to measure electron beam polarization by observing the light emitted by argon atoms following their excitation by the impact of polarized electrons. The degree of circular polarization of the emitted fluorescence is directly related to the electron polarization. We tested the polarimeter on a test GaAs source available at the MAMI electron accelerator in Mainz, Germany. The polarimeter determines the polarization of a 50 keV electron beam decelerated to a few eV and interacting with an effusive argon gas jet. The resulting de…

Electron beamNuclear and High Energy PhysicsElectron[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesFluorescence010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionOpticslawPolarization0103 physical sciencesRadial polarization010306 general physicsInstrumentationCircular polarizationPhysicsPolarization rotatorbusiness.industry07.60.Fs; 29.27.Fh; 33.50.Dq; 34.80.NzParticle acceleratorPolarimeterPolarization (waves)PolarimeterAccelerators and Storage RingsCathode raybusiness
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Inner-shell excitation spectroscopy of closo-carboranes

1997

Oscillator strength spectra in the region of B 1s and C 1s excitation of three isomeric carborane cage compounds [closo-1,2-orthocarborane, closo-1,7-metacarborane, closo-1,12-paracarborane (C2B10H...

Excitation spectroscopyOscillator strengthChemistryParticle acceleratorSpectral lineSurfaces Coatings and Filmslaw.inventionlawMaterials ChemistryCarboraneInner shellPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsExcitation
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Electronic Design for a Bleeding Detector to be Used in Intraoperative Radiotherapy Applications

2021

An electronic design for a bleeding detector used with mobile linac during intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) is presented. It consists on a readout circuit based on a De Sauty Bridge and a wireless power supply using a supercapacitor. The goal is the measurement of the height of fluid present in the applicator in order to avoid a misadministration dose during the irradiation process. A minimum measurement height of 5 mm is required by clinic to be confident with the selected radiation dose. The measurement circuit uses a capacitive sensor which detects variations lower than 0.1 pF. The readout circuit converts dynamic capacitance variation from the bleeding detector into an analog voltage …

FluidsMaterials scienceIntraoperative radiotherapybleeding detectorCapacitive sensingDetectorDe Sauty bridgecapacitive sensorLinearityCapacitive sensorsDetectorsRepeatabilityApplicatorsmobile linacsCapacitanceSignalLinear particle acceleratorBridge circuitswireless supplyElectrical and Electronic EngineeringHemorrhagingInstrumentationVoltageBiomedical engineering
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Semiclassical geons at particle accelerators

2014

We point out that in certain four-dimensional extensions of general relativity constructed within the Palatini formalism stable self-gravitating objects with a discrete mass and charge spectrum may exist. The incorporation of nonlinearities in the electromagnetic field may effectively reduce their mass spectrum by many orders of magnitude. As a consequence, these objects could be within (or near) the reach of current particle accelerators. We provide an exactly solvable model to support this idea.

High Energy Physics - TheoryElectromagnetic fieldPhysicsGeneral relativityquantum black holesFOS: Physical sciencesSemiclassical physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsParticle acceleratorGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmologylaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)Theoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)lawMass spectrumWormholeWormholesGeon (physics)modified gravityJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
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Construction and commissioning of the S-Band high gradient RF laboratory at IFIC

2018

An S-band High-Gradient (HG) Radio Frequency (RF) laboratory is under construction and commissioning at IFIC. The purpose of the laboratory is to perform investigations of high-gradient phenomena and to develop normal-conducting RF technology, with special focus on RF systems for hadron-therapy. The layout of the facility is derived from the scheme of the Xbox-3 test facility at CERN [1] and uses medium peak-power (7.5 MW) and high repetition rate (400 Hz) klystrons, whose RF output is combined to drive two testing slots to the required power. The design and construction of the various components of the system started in 2016 and has been completed. The installation and commissioning of the…

HistoryLarge Hadron ColliderKlystron010308 nuclear & particles physicsComputer sciencebusiness.industryProject commissioningElectrical engineering01 natural sciences7. Clean energyLinear particle acceleratorComputer Science ApplicationsEducationlaw.inventionPower (physics)Rf technologylaw0103 physical sciencesS bandRadio frequency010306 general physicsbusinessJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Precision luminosity measurements at LHCb

2014

Measuring cross-sections at the LHC requires the luminosity to be determined accurately at each centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}$. In this paper results are reported from the luminosity calibrations carried out at the LHC interaction point 8 with the LHCb detector for $\sqrt{s}$ = 2.76, 7 and 8 TeV (proton-proton collisions) and for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5 TeV (proton-lead collisions). Both the "van der Meer scan" and "beam-gas imaging" luminosity calibration methods were employed. It is observed that the beam density profile cannot always be described by a function that is factorizable in the two transverse coordinates. The introduction of a two-dimensional description of the beams improves sig…

Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high energy (linear acceleratorsHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)cluster finding[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear Experiment06.20.fbInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsQCPhysicsLuminosity (scattering theory)Large Hadron ColliderPattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methodssynchrotrons)DetectorPattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methodsComputer interfacecalibration and fitting methodsFísica nuclearTracking and position-sensitive detectorLHCParticle Physics - ExperimentParticle physics29.40.GxPattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methods; Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high energy (linear accelerators synchrotrons)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsLHCb - Abteilung HofmannPattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methodInstrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high energy (linear accelerators synchrotrons)NOConsistency (statistics)Pattern recognitionCalibrationSDG 7 - Affordable and Clean EnergyInstrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high energy (linear accelerators synchrotrons)/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energyInteraction pointStandards and calibrationFunction (mathematics)29.50.+vLHCbInstrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high energy (linear accelerators synchrotrons); Pattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methods; Instrumentation; Mathematical PhysicsTEVPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentInstrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high energy (linear accelerators synchrotrons); Pattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methodsEnergy (signal processing)
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Detector for monitoring potential bleeding during electron intraoperative radiotherapy

2018

Purpose: The aim of this work is to develop a bleeding detector integrated into the acrylic circular applicators for specific mobile linacs. Thus, a bleeding detector has been developed based on a capacitive sensor to be used with plastic applicators, as in the case of LIAC HWL from Sordina IORT Technologies SpA. According to the clinical impact, we have selected 0.5 cm as the minimum depth of fluid that should be detected. Methods: An experiment was developed using water-simulating blood. Two setups were considered: non-beveled applicators with 7 cm and 10 cm diameter. Measurements were done for applicators 0 degrees and 45 degrees tilted, both with respect to the horizontal surface, in or…

Intraoperative radiotherapyMaterials scienceCapacitive sensingBiophysicsPhase (waves)General Physics and AstronomyElectronsHemorrhageRadiation030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingIntraoperative Period03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationRadiation InjuriesRadiotherapybusiness.industryBleedingContinuous monitoringDetectorLinearityGeneral MedicineBevel030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCapacitive sensorParticle AcceleratorsbusinessPhysica Medica
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Phantom development for daily checks in electron intraoperative radiotherapy with a mobile linac.

2020

Abstract Purpose IORT with mobile linear accelerators is a well-established modality where the dose rate and, therefore, the dose per pulse are very high. The constancy of the dosimetric parameters of the accelerator has to be checked daily. The aim of this work is to develop a phantom with embedded detectors to improve both accuracy and efficiency in the daily test of an IORT linac at the surgery room. Methods The developed phantom is manufactured with transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), allocating 6 parallel-plate chambers: a central one to evaluate the on-axis beam output, another on-axis one placed at a fixed depth under the previous one to evaluate the energy constancy and four…

Intraoperative radiotherapyMaterials scienceFlatness (systems theory)BiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronsLinear particle acceleratorImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsDosimetryIonizationDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiometrybusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingDetectorRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineQuality assurance030220 oncology & carcinogenesisParticle AcceleratorsbusinessQuality assuranceBeam (structure)Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
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An FPGA based Topological Processor Prototype for the ATLAS Level-1 Trigger Upgrade

2012

By 2014 the LHC will collide proton bunches at 14TeV with an increased instantaneous luminosity up to 3·10³⁴cm⁻²s⁻¹. The resulting higher event rate will challenge the existing ATLAS trigger system. A reduction on the trigger rate can be achieved by selecting interesting channels based on their expected decay topology and thus reducing background. This will be achieved by introducing of a new FPGA based module in the Level-1 trigger: the Topological Processor L1Topo. With L1Topo it will be possible for the first time to concentrate detailed information from the entire calorimeters and the muon detector into a single module. L1Topo will receive a total aggregate bandwidth of 1Tb/s. The data …

Large Hadron ColliderBandwidth (signal processing)TopologyLinear particle acceleratorComputer Science::Hardware ArchitectureData acquisitionBunchesUpgradePhysics::Accelerator PhysicsTransceiverDetectors and Experimental TechniquesField-programmable gate arrayInstrumentationMathematical Physics
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