Search results for "Particle physics"
showing 10 items of 6826 documents
Improved search for $B_{s}^{0} - \overline{B}_{s}^{0}$ oscillations
2003
An improved search for Bs oscillations is performed in the ALEPH data sample collected during the first phase of LEP, and reprocessed in 1998. Three analyses based on complementary event selections are presented. First, decays of Bs mesons into hadronic flavour eigenstates are fully reconstructed. This selection yields a small sample of candidates with excellent decay length and momentum resolution and high average Bs purity. Semileptonic decays with a reconstructed Ds- meson provide a second sample with larger statistics, high average Bs purity, but a poorer momentum and decay length resolution due to the partial decay reconstruction. Finally, semileptonic b-hadron decays are inclusively s…
Implications of tau data for CP violation in K decays
2019
The \bm{D=6}𝐃=6 contribution of the Operator Product Expansion (OPE) of the \bm{\mathrm{VV-AA}}VV−AA correlator of quark currents can be related to hadronic matrix elements associated to CP violation in non-leptonic kaon decays. We use those relations to find an updated value for \bm{\langle(\pi\pi)_{I=2}|\mathcal{Q}_{8}|K\rangle}⟨(𝛑𝛑)𝐈=2|𝒬8|𝐊⟩ in the chiral limit using the updated ALEPH spectral function. Taking instead values of the matrix elements from the lattice to obtain the \bm{D=6}𝐃=6 vacuum elements provides a new short-distance constraint that allows for an inclusive determination of \bm{f_{\pi}}𝐟𝛑 and an updated value for the \bm{D=8}𝐃=8 condensate.
Search for Muon Neutrino and Antineutrino Disappearance in MiniBooNE
2009
The MiniBooNE Collaboration reports a search for nu(mu) and nu(mu) disappearance in the Delta m(2) region of 0.5-40 eV(2). These measurements are important for constraining models with extra types of neutrinos, extra dimensions, and CPT violation. Fits to the shape of the nu(mu) and nu(mu) energy spectra reveal no evidence for disappearance at the 90% confidence level (C.L.) in either mode. The test of nu(mu) disappearance probes a region below Delta m(2)=40 eV(2) never explored before.
Mixing and Decay of Neutral Mesons
2003
Neutral mesons with characteristic quantum numbers, such as the strangeness S, charm C, and beauty B, have the particular property that they can mix with their antiparticles, which carry an opposite-sign quantum number which is described in this chapter.
High-precision comparison of the antiproton-to-proton charge-to-mass ratio
2015
Invariance under the charge, parity, time-reversal (CPT) transformation$^{1}$ is one of the fundamental symmetries of the standard model of particle physics. This CPT invariance implies that the fundamental properties of antiparticles and their matter-conjugates are identical, apart from signs. There is a deep link between CPT invariance and Lorentz symmetry—that is, the laws of nature seem to be invariant under the symmetry transformation of spacetime—although it is model dependent$^{2}$. A number of high-precision CPT and Lorentz invariance tests—using a co-magnetometer, a torsion pendulum and a maser, among others—have been performed$^{3}$, but only a few direct high-precision CPT tests …
GHOSTLY BEACONS OF NEW PHYSICS
2013
The article discusses the elementary particle of the neutrino, with information on research regarding its fundamental properties and how it differs from other particles. Topics include the connection between neutrinos and their antiparticles, the observation of the particles' activity during nuclear beta decay and their interactions, and the possible implications that an asymmetric relationship between neutrinos and their antimatter would suggest regarding the composition of the universe with a majority of matter.
Comb-like Turing patterns embedded in Hopf oscillations: Spatially localized states outside the 2:1 frequency locked region
2017
A generic distinct mechanism for the emergence of spatially localized states embedded in an oscillatory background is demonstrated by using 2:1 frequency locking oscillatory system. The localization is of Turing type and appears in two space dimensions as a comb-like state in either $\pi$ phase shifted Hopf oscillations or inside a spiral core. Specifically, the localized states appear in absence of the well known flip-flop dynamics (associated with collapsed homoclinic snaking) that is known to arise in the vicinity of Hopf-Turing bifurcation in one space dimension. Derivation and analysis of three Hopf-Turing amplitude equations in two space dimensions reveals a local dynamics pinning mec…
On the definition and observability of the neutrino charge radius
2002
We present a brief summary of recent results concerning the unambiguous definition and experimental extraction of the gauge-invariant and process-independent neutrino charge radius.
Atmospheric neutrino oscillations and tau neutrinos in ice
2010
The main goal of the IceCube Deep Core Array is to search for neutrinos of astrophysical origins. Atmospheric neutrinos are commonly considered as a background for these searches. We show here that cascade measurements in the Ice Cube Deep Core Array can provide strong evidence for tau neutrino appearance in atmospheric neutrino oscillations. Controlling systematic uncertainties will be the limiting factor in the analysis. A careful study of these tau neutrinos is crucial, since they constitute an irreducible background for astrophysical neutrino detection.
Higher-order coupled quintessence
2010
We study a coupled quintessence model in which the interaction with the dark-matter sector is a function of the quintessence potential. Such a coupling can arise from a field dependent mass term for the dark-matter field. The dynamical analysis of a standard quintessence potential coupled with the interaction explored here shows that the system possesses a late-time accelerated attractor. In light of these results, we perform a fit to the most recent Supernovae Ia, Cosmic Microwave Background, and Baryon Acoustic Oscillation data sets. Constraints arising from weak equivalence principle violation arguments are also discussed.