Search results for "Particle physics"
showing 10 items of 6826 documents
Causality and the Coulomb sum rule in nuclei.
1989
The spectral function in the Jost-Lehmann-Dyson representation of causal commutators is determined for the nonrelativistic limit of inclusive lepton scattering from nuclei. From this an extrapolation of the Coulomb sum rule to higher-momentum transfers is performed which is consistent with the requirement of causality.
Electromagnetic transitions of heavy baryons in theSU(2Nf)⊗O(3)symmetry
2001
We apply heavy quark symmetry to the radiative decays of heavy baryons. Even with this symmetry in place there are too many couplings to make a meaningful set of predictions. We show that if, in addition, light-diquark symmetries are applied, the number of electromagnetic couplings among S wave and P wave states as well as those between P wave to S wave transitions can be reduced significantly. Using this constituent quark model picture a number of predictions are made that will be testable in the near future.
On a topological interpretation of electronic and vibrational molecular energies
1998
Abstract A relationship between Randic's connectivity index and various quantum mechanical parameters derived from the Huckel Molecular Orbital (HMO) approach is demonstrated. When applied to conjugated hydrocarbons, this index represents the measure of the global π electron molecular energy and, therefore, of the resonance energy. Moreover, the development of the procedure, allows the introduction of a new definition of the bond order which, in turn, makes possible a better prediction not only for bond lengths of naphtalene but also for the resonance integral and conjugation energy for butadiene. Also, a corrected value for the Randic index is deduced, which allows for the reduction of the…
Nonlinear optical spectra of conjugated polymers: Effect of long-range coulomb interactions
1993
Abstract Nonlinear optical spectra of conjugated polymers are theoretically studied in the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model supplemented by long-range Coulomb interactions. Excitonic correlation for electron-hole excitations in explicitly taken into account by a standard method. Nonlinear susceptibilities χ (3) are calculated numerically with a standard sum-over-states method for finite chains (up to 1000 sites). Using moderate interaction strength, our calculations can reproduce many distinct features observed in the linear and nonlinear spectra (two-photon absorption, third-harmonic generation, and electroabsorption) of polydiacetylenes and some other polymers. Especially, a hump in the spectru…
Dynamics of Colloidal Hard Spheres in Thin Aqueous Suspension Layers—Particle Tracking by Digital Image Processing and Brownian Dynamics Computer Sim…
1993
Abstract A new experimentally simple technique is introduced for studying dynamical properties of hard sphere colloids in thin aqueous suspension layers by light-microscopy observation supported by computer-aided digital image processing. The thickness of the layers of the colloidal samples confined between two smooth glass plates is accurately adjusted by monodisperse "spacer" spheres which are larger than the diffusing spheres. Tracking of single particles in concentrated phases is accomplished using fluorescence light microscopy where a few dyed particles are mixed with the undyed colloidal spheres of the same size. First results are presented for the self-diffusion coefficient—(i) in ve…
Chiral Symmetry And Low Energy Pion Photoproduction
1992
The low energy theorem based on chiral symmetry for the photoproduction of neutral pions from proton at threshold is reviewed in the light of recent experimental results from Saclay and Mainz. There is no appreciable disagreement at threshold but the energy dependence of the threshold amplitude remains unexplained. A critique of the assumptions made in deriving low energy theorems by various methods is presented.
Bag models and hadron structure
2008
We review the fundamental ideas leading to the basic assumptions behind the bag model description of hadron structure and explore in some detail the so called MIT bag model. We discuss the relevance of chiral symmetry and incorporate it in a bag model scheme by adding a pion field. We show perturbative techniques of calculating gluonic and pionic effects. We discuss the consequences of the solitonic nature of the hedgehog solution of the pion field and introduce the skyrmion bag model. We end up by drawing some conclusions of our study and discussing recent developments in this area.
The role of resonances in chiral perturbation theory
1989
32 páginas, 2 figuras, 5 tablas.-- BUTP-88-18 ; CERN-TH-5185-88 ; CPT-2158 ; UWTHPH-1988-29.
Chiral dynamics in the γ→p→pπ0 reaction
2015
Abstract We investigate the neutral pion photoproduction on the proton near threshold in covariant chiral perturbation theory with the explicit inclusion of Δ degrees of freedom. This channel is specially sensitive to chiral dynamics and the advent of very precise data from the Mainz microtron has shown the limits of the convergence of the chiral series for both the heavy baryon and the covariant approaches. We show that the inclusion of the Δ resonance substantially improves the convergence leading to a good agreement with data for a wider range of energies.
Non-Leptonic Kaon Decays and the Chiral Anomaly
1994
32 páginas, 3 figuras, 4 tablas.-- El PDF es el artículo publicado en el CERN en Junio de 1993.