Search results for "Particle physics"
showing 10 items of 6826 documents
Measuring KS0K± interactions using Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV
2019
We present the first measurements of femtoscopic correlations between the KS0 and K± particles in pp collisions at s=7 TeV measured by the ALICE experiment. The observed femtoscopic correlations are consistent with final-state interactions proceeding solely via the a0(980) resonance. The extracted kaon source radius and correlation strength parameters for KS0K− are found to be equal within the experimental uncertainties to those for KS0K+ . Results of the present study are compared with those from identical-kaon femtoscopic studies also performed with pp collisions at s=7 TeV by ALICE and with a KS0K± measurement in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV. Combined with the Pb–Pb results, our pp a…
Odderon Exchange from Elastic Scattering Differences between pp and pp¯ Data at 1.96 TeV and from pp Forward Scattering Measurements
2021
We describe an analysis comparing the p p ¯ elastic cross section as measured by the D0 Collaboration at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV to that in p p collisions as measured by the TOTEM Collaboration at 2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV using a model-independent approach. The TOTEM cross sections, extrapolated to a center-of-mass energy of s = 1.96 TeV , are compared with the D0 measurement in the region of the diffractive minimum and the second maximum of the p p cross section. The two data sets disagree at the 3.4 σ level and thus provide evidence for the t -channel exchange of a colorless, C -odd gluonic compound, also known as the odderon. We combine these results with a TOTEM analysis of th…
Hadron polarizability data analysis: GoAT
2015
The A2 Collaboration at the Institute for Nuclear Physics in Mainz, Germany, is working towards determining the polarizabilities of hadrons from nonperturbative quantum chromodynamics through Compton scattering experiments at low energies. The asymmetry observables are directly related to the scalar and spin polarizabilities of the hadrons. Online analysis software, which will give real-time feedback on asymmetries, efficiencies, energies, and angle distributions, has been developed. The new software is a big improvement over the existing online code and will greatly develop the quality of the acquired data.
Screening effects in Relativistic Models of Dense Matter at Finite Temperature
1998
We investigate screening effects of the medium on the potential interaction between two static 'charges' for different models of dense plasmas in the one-boson exchange approximation. The potential can exhibit an oscillatory behavior, which is related to the analytic structure of the corresponding boson propagators in the complex $q$-plane. We have first revisited the one-pion exchange in a nuclear medium. In addition to Friedel oscillations, which are associated to branch cuts in the $q$-plane, there appears another oscillatory component, which arises from a pole on the pion propagator. This pole is located appart from the axes, giving rise to an oscillating Yukawa-like potential. Therefor…
W+W−Production at Hadron Colliders in Next to Next to Leading Order QCD
2014
Charged gauge boson pair production at the Large Hadron Collider allows detailed probes of the fundamental structure of electroweak interactions. We present precise theoretical predictions for on-shell W+ W- production that include, for the first time, QCD effects up to next to next to leading order in perturbation theory. As compared to next to leading order, the inclusive W+ W- cross section is enhanced by 9% at 7 TeV and 12% at 14 TeV. The residual perturbative uncertainty is at the 3% level. The severe contamination of the W+ W- cross section due to top-quark resonances is discussed in detail. Comparing different definitions of top-free W+ W- production in the four and five flavor numbe…
Exclusive radiative decays of W and Z bosons in QCD factorization
2015
We present a detailed theoretical analysis of very rare, exclusive hadronic decays of the electroweak gauge bosons V=W, Z from first principles of QCD. Our main focus is on the radiative decays V->M+gamma, in which M is a pseudoscalar or vector meson. At leading order in an expansion in powers of Lambda_{QCD}/m_V the decay amplitudes can be factorized into convolutions of calculable hard-scattering coefficients with the leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitude of the meson M. Power corrections to the decay rates arise first at order (Lambda_{QCD}/m_V)^2. They can be estimated in terms of higher-twist distribution amplitudes and are predicted to be tiny. We include one-loop O(alpha…
A measurement of the QCD colour factors and a limit on the light gluino
1997
Using data collected from 1992 to 1995 with the ALEPH detector at LEP, a measurement of the colour factor ratios C-A/C-F and T-F/C-F and the strong coupling constant = C-F alpha(s), (M-Z)/(2 pi) has been performed by fitting theoretical predictions simultaneously to the measured differential two-jet rate and angular distributions in four-jet events. The result is found to be in excellent agreement with QCD. C-A/C-F = 2.20 +/- 0.09 (stat) +/- 0.13 (syst), T-F/C-F = 0.29 +/- 0.05 (stat) +/- 0.06 (syst). Fixing C-A/C-F and T-F/C-F to the QCD values permits a determination of alpha(s) (M-Z) and n(f), the number of active flavours. With this measurement the existence of a gluino with mass below …
Determination of the QCD coupling from ALEPHτdecay data
2016
We present a comprehensive study of the determination of the strong coupling from $\tau$ decay, using the most recent release of the experimental ALEPH data. We critically review all theoretical strategies used in previous works and put forward various novel approaches which allow to study complementary aspects of the problem. We investigate the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods, trying to uncover their potential hidden weaknesses and test the stability of the obtained results under slight variations of the assumed inputs. We perform several determinations, using different methodologies, and find a very consistent set of results. All determinations are in excellent agree…
Impact of the pion mass on nonpower expansion for QCD observables
2005
A new set of functions, which form a basis of the massive nonpower expansion for physical observables, is presented in the framework of the analytic approach to QCD at the four-loop level. The effects due to the $\pi$ meson mass are taken into account by employing the dispersion relation for the Adler function. The nonvanishing pion mass substantially modifies the functional expansion at low energies. Specifically, the spacelike functions are affected by the mass of the $\pi$ meson in the infrared domain below few GeV, whereas the timelike functions acquire characteristic plateaulike behavior below the two-pion threshold. At the same time, all the appealing features of the massless nonpower…
Large Effects from Small QCD Instantons: Making Soft Bombs at Hadron Colliders
2020
It is a common belief that the last missing piece of the Standard Model of particles physics was found with the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider. However, there remains a major prediction of quantum tunnelling processes mediated by instanton solutions in the Yang-Mills theory, that is still untested in the Standard Model. The direct experimental observation of instanton-induced processes, which are a consequence of the non-trivial vacuum structure of the Standard Model and of quantum tunnelling in QFT, would be a major breakthrough in modern particle physics. In this paper, we present for the first time a full calculation of QCD instanton-induced processes in proton…