Search results for "Particle size"

showing 10 items of 631 documents

Impact and effectiveness of risk mitigation strategies on the insurability of nanomaterial production: evidences from industrial case studies.

2014

Workers involved in producing nanomaterials or using nanomaterials in manufacturing plants are likely to have earlier and higher exposure to manufactured/engineered nanomaterials (ENM) than the general population. This is because both the volume handled and the probability of the effluence of ‘free’ nanoparticles from the handled volume are much higher during a production process than at any other stage in the lifecycle of nanomaterials and nanotechnology‐enabled products. Risk assessment (RA) techniques using control banding (CB) as a framework for risk transfer represents a robust theory but further progress on implementing the model is required so that risk can be transferred to insuranc…

Nanotubes CarbonFocus ArticlesEnvironmental ExposureFocus ArticleRisk AssessmentNanostructuresMetalsOccupational ExposureHumansIndustryNanoparticlesNanotechnologyParticle SizeSafetyRegulatory and Policy Issues in NanomedicineWiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology
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Lipid nanocarriers containing sorafenib inhibit colonies formation in human hepatocarcinoma cells

2015

Here, the potential of two nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) for controlled release of sorafenib was evaluated. The obtained systems showed characteristics suitable as drug delivery systems for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through parenteral administration. The use of a mixture between a solid lipid (tripalmitin) with a liquid lipid (Captex 355 EP/NF or Miglyol 812) to prepare NLC systems could give a higher drug loading capacity and a longer term stability during storage than that obtained by using only solid lipids. The obtained nanoparticles showed a nanometer size and high negative zeta potential values. Scansion electron microscopy (SEM) of the sorafenib loaded NLC…

NiacinamideSorafenibDrugCell Survivalmedia_common.quotation_subjectnanostructured lipid carriersPharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsPharmacologyHemolysischemistry.chemical_compoundNanostructured lipid carriers Sorafenib Drug release Angiogenesis inhibitor HepatocarcinomamedicineZeta potentialHumansParticle SizeChromatography High Pressure LiquidTriglyceridesdrug releasemedia_commonDrug CarriersPhenylurea CompoundsHep G2 Cellsmedicine.diseaseLipidsControlled releasedigestive system diseasesIn vitroDrug Liberationangiogenesis inhibitorchemistryhepatocarcinomaSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoDelayed-Action PreparationsHepatocellular carcinomaTripalmitinDrug deliveryMicroscopy Electron ScanningNanoparticlessorafenibCaprylatesmedicine.drug
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Molecule non-radiative coupling to a metallic nanosphere: an optical theorem treatment.

2009

The non-radiative coupling of a molecule to a metallic spherical particle is approximated by a sum involving particle quasistatic polarizabilities. We demonstrate that energy transfer from molecule to particle satisfies the optical theorem if size effects corrections are properly introduced into the quasistatic polarizabilities. We hope that this simplified model gives valuable information on the coupling mechanism between molecule and metallic nanos-tructures available for, e.g., surface enhanced spectroscopy signal analysis.

Optical Rotationoptical theoremMetal NanoparticlesSpectrum Analysis RamanMolecular physicsCatalysislcsh:ChemistryInorganic ChemistryComputational chemistryRadiative transferMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryOptical rotationPhysics::Chemical PhysicsParticle SizeSpectroscopylcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologySpectroscopyPhysicsCouplingenergy transferCommunicationOrganic ChemistryOptical theoremGeneral MedicineComputer Science Applicationsplasmon modeslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Models Chemicalsurface enhanced spectroscopyParticleGoldQuasistatic processAlgorithmsNanospheresInternational journal of molecular sciences
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Planar metamaterial analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency for plasmonic sensing.

2009

We experimentally demonstrate a planar metamaterial analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency at optical frequencies. The structure consists of an optically bright dipole antenna and an optically dark quadrupole antenna, which are cut-out structures in a thin gold film. A pronounced coupling-induced reflectance peak is observed within a broad resonance spectrum. A metamaterial sensor based on these coupling effects is experimentally demonstrated and yields a sensitivity of 588 nm/RIU and a figure of merit of 3.8.

Optics and PhotonicsMaterials scienceElectromagnetically induced transparencySurface PropertiesPhysics::OpticsBioengineeringlaw.inventionPlanarOpticsElectromagnetic FieldslawFigure of meritNanotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceDipole antennaParticle SizePlasmonbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringMetamaterialResonanceMembranes ArtificialGeneral ChemistryEquipment DesignCondensed Matter PhysicsRefractometryOptoelectronicsGoldAntenna (radio)businessNano letters
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Birth of the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoclusters

2013

Gold nanoclusters protected by a thiolate monolayer (MPC) are widely studied for their potential applications in site-specific bioconjugate labeling, sensing, drug delivery, and molecular electronics. Several MPCs with 1-2 nm metal cores are currently known to have a well-defined molecular structure, and they serve as an important link between molecularly dispersed gold and colloidal gold to understand the size-dependent electronic and optical properties. Here, we show by using an ab initio method together with atomistic models for experimentally observed thiolate-stabilized gold clusters how collective electronic excitations change when the gold core of the MPC grows from 1.5 to 2.0 nm. A …

Optics and PhotonicsSurface PropertiesMetal NanoparticlesGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnologyBiosensing TechniquesLigandsNanoclustersMetalMonolayerNanotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceColloidsParticle SizeSurface plasmon resonancePlasmonta214ta114ChemistryGeneral EngineeringResonanceMolecular electronicsSurface Plasmon ResonanceNanostructuresColloidal goldvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGoldElectronicsAlgorithmsSoftwareACS Nano
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Metallorganic routes to nanoscale iron and titanium oxide particles encapsulated in mesoporous alumina: formation, physical properties, and chemical …

2000

Iron and titanium oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized in parallel mesopores of alumina by a novel organometallic "chimie douce" approach that uses bis(toluene)iron(0) (1) and bis(toluene)titanium(0) (2) as precursors. These complexes are molecular sources of iron and titanium in a zerovalent atomic state. In the case of 1, core shell iron/iron oxide particles with a strong magnetic coupling between both components, as revealed by magnetic measurements, are formed. Mossbauer data reveal superparamagnetic particle behavior with a distinct particle size distribution that confirms the magnetic measurements. The dependence of the Mossbauer spectra on temperature and particle size is explai…

Organic ChemistryInorganic chemistryOxideIron oxideNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCatalysisTitanium oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringParticleParticle sizeMesoporous materialTitaniumChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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The significance of the order of impregnation on the activity of vanadia promoted palladium-alumina catalysts for propane total oxidation

2011

The increased activity of alumina-supported palladium catalysts promoted with vanadium oxide has been investigated. Three different vanadium promoted Pd/Al2O3 catalysts with the same composition but synthesized employing sequential and co-impregnation were tested for the total oxidation of propane. The order of impregnation was critical to produce high activity catalysts. Vanadium and palladium co-impregnation on the Al2O3 support led to the most active catalyst, whereas the step-wise impregnated catalysts show a catalytic performance similar to or slightly better than unpromoted palladium catalysts. The high activity of the co-impregnated catalysts is related to the particle size and oxida…

Oxidation stateChemistryCatalyst supportInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementVanadiumParticle sizeRedoxCatalysisVanadium oxideCatalysisPalladiumCatalysis Science & Technology
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High-Resolution Fluorescence Spectra of Airborne Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols: Comparisons to Primary Biological Aerosol Particles and Implica…

2021

Aqueous extracts of biogenic secondary organic aerosols (BSOAs) have been found to exhibit fluorescence that may interfere with the laser/light-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs). In this study, we quantified the interference of BSOAs to PBAPs by directly measuring airborne BSOA particles, rather than aqueous extracts. BSOAs were generated by the reaction of d-limonene (LIM) or α-pinene (PIN) and ozone (O3) with or without ammonia in a chamber under controlled conditions. With an excitation wavelength of 355 nm, BSOAs exhibited peak emissions at 464–475 nm, while fungal spores exhibited peak emissions at 460–483 nm; the fluorescence intensit…

OzoneAnalytical chemistryautofluorescenceArticlefluorescence spectrachemistry.chemical_compoundAmmoniaOzoneaging processEnvironmental Chemistrysingle-particle measurementRelative humiditybiogenic secondary organic aerosolsParticle SizeAerosolsRange (particle radiation)Air PollutantsAqueous solutionChemistryairborne bioaerosolsGeneral ChemistrySpores FungalFluorescencereal-time detectionAerosolSpectrometry FluorescenceParticleLimoneneEnvironmental sciencetechnology
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Multi-Functional Nanogels for Tumor Targeting and Redox-Sensitive Drug and siRNA Delivery

2016

(1) Background: A new family of nanosystems able to discern between normal and tumor cells and to release a therapeutic agent in controlled way were synthetized by e-beam irradiation. This technique permits to obtain biocompatible, sterile, carboxyl-functionalized polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-co-acrylic acid) nanogels (NGs); (2) Methods: Here, we performed a targeting strategy based on the recognition of over-expressed proteins on tumor cells, like the folate receptor. The selective targeting was demonstrated by co-culture studies and flow cytometry analysis, using folate conjugated NGs. Moreover, nanoparticles were conjugated to a chemotherapeutic drug or to a pro-apoptotic siRNA through a gl…

PVPPharmaceutical ScienceNanogels02 engineering and technologyPharmacology01 natural sciencesAntioxidantsAnalytical Chemistryfolate-targetingPolyethylene GlycolsNanogelchemistry.chemical_compoundMiceRNA interferenceNeoplasmsDrug DiscoveryFluorescence microscopePolyethyleneimineRNA Small InterferingCytotoxicitymedicine.diagnostic_testPovidone021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyControlled releaseCell biologyChemistry (miscellaneous)Folate receptorMolecular Medicinee-beamGSH-responsive release0210 nano-technologyOxidation-Reduction010402 general chemistrydoxorubicinArticleFlow cytometryFolic AcidCell Line TumormedicineAnimalsHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryParticle SizeOrganic ChemistryGlutathione0104 chemical scienceschemistryPVP; nanogels; e-beam; folate-targeting; doxorubicin; siRNA; GSH-responsive releasesiRNACancer cellNIH 3T3 CellsNanoparticlesSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieFolic Acid TransportersHeLa CellsMolecules
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Towards the column bed stabilization of columns in capillary electroendosmotic chromatography

2000

This article discusses a novel method generating a continuous bed inside the CEC column. The column bed composed of microparticulate reversed-phase silica is completely immobilized by a hydrothermal treatment using water for the immobilization process. This process eliminates the manufacture of frits of both ends of the column and all problems associated with their preparation. Fundamental studies on operational parameters will be presented such as the dependence of the immobilization on the column temperature, the type of stationary phase and the column back pressure. The immobilized CEC columns show the same high column efficiency as packed columns with frits.

Packed bedChromatographyChemistryBack pressureCapillary actionSilicon dioxideOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineReversed-phase chromatographyBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundElectrochromatographyColumn (typography)Particle sizeJournal of Chromatography A
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