Search results for "Particles"

showing 10 items of 8085 documents

CERN IRRADIATION FACILITIES.

2017

CERN provides unique irradiation facilities for applications in dosimetry, metrology, intercomparison of radiation protection devices, benchmark of Monte Carlo codes and radiation damage studies to electronics.

säteilytysPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsComputer scienceNuclear engineeringPhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodRadiation Dosage01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingradiation physics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRadiation ProtectionRadiation Monitoring0103 physical sciencesRadiation damageDosimetryHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer SimulationIrradiationNeutronsRadiationLarge Hadron Colliderta114irradiationRadiological and Ultrasound Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineMetrologysäteilyfysiikkaBenchmark (computing)Physics::Accelerator PhysicsRadiation protectionbusinessMonte Carlo MethodRadiation protection dosimetry
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Visualization in the integrated SimPhoNy multiscale simulation framework

2018

Abstract We describe three distinct approaches to visualization for multiscale materials modelling research. These have been developed with the framework of the SimPhoNy FP7 EU-project, and complement each other in their requirements and possibilities. All have been integrated via wrappers to one or more of the simulation approaches within the SimPhoNy project. In this manuscript we describe and contrast their features. Together they cover visualization needs from electronic to macroscopic scales and are suited to simulations made on personal computers, workstations or advanced High Performance parallel computers. Examples as well as recommendations for future calculations are presented.

ta113Workstation010308 nuclear & particles physicsComputer scienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic charge density01 natural scienceselectronic charge densityComputational scienceVisualizationComplement (complexity)law.inventionatomisticHardware and Architecturelaw0103 physical sciencesCover (algebra)010306 general physicsvisualizationfluidComputer Physics Communications
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High-precision measurement of the mass difference between 102Pd and 102Ru

2019

Abstract The Q-value for the neutrinoless double electron capture on 102Pd, Qϵϵ(102Pd), is determined as the atomic mass difference between 102Pd and 102Ru. A precise measurement of the Qϵϵ(102Pd) at the SHIPTRAP Penning trap showed a more than 10σ deviation to the adopted Atomic Mass Evaluation (AME) value. The reliability of the SHIPTRAP measurement was challenged because the AME value was based on numerous experiments including β and electron capture decays and very precise (n, γ) data, all agreeing with each other. To solve the discrepancy, the Qϵϵ(102Pd) has now been determined with the JYFLTRAP Penning trap at the IGISOL facility in the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyva…

ta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsChemistryElectron captureneutrinoless double-electron capturepenning trapQ-valuesCondensed Matter PhysicsPenning trap01 natural sciencesAtomic massNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryydinfysiikka010306 general physicshigh-precision mass spectrometryInstrumentationSpectroscopyReliability (statistics)Ion cyclotron resonanceInternational Journal of Mass Spectrometry
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JIMWLK and beyond: From concepts to observables

2016

Volume: 112 Host publication title: 6th International Conference on Physics Opportunities at an Electron-Ion Collider The Color Glass Condensate and its associated evolution equation, the JIMWLK equation have applications to many observables far beyond totally inclusive observables. The phenomenology is so rich that little has been done to explore beyond scaling behavior of correlators. We show first examples that exemplify the considerations necessary to access additional information both experimentally and theoretically and demonstrate that the Wilson line correlators appearing throughout make it imperative to consistently take into account that one is dealing with correlators of group el…

ta114Operations research010308 nuclear & particles physicsComputer sciencePhysicsQC1-999scalingCOLOR GLASS CONDENSATEObservable114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesSTATESMALL X EVOLUTIONColor-glass condensateWilson loopTheoretical physicsODDERONevolution equation0103 physical sciencesEvolution equationcolor glass condensate010306 general physicsScalingN-CEPJ Web of Conferences
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Adsorption and Activation of Water on Cuboctahedral Rhodium and Platinum Nanoparticles

2017

Rh and Pt are widely used as the components in heterogeneous catalysts for multiple industrial applications. Because the metals are typically in the form of nanoparticles in real catalysts, it is important to carefully select models for the computational prediction of the catalytic properties. Here we report a first-principles study on the water activation, an important step in numerous catalytic reactions, using the finite-size Rh and Pt nanoparticle models and compare them to the extended surface models. We show that regardless of the model, adsorption and activation of water is practically identical for both metals, whereas the dissociation is energetically more favorable on Rh. The expe…

ta221Inorganic chemistryOxidemetalsNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPlatinum nanoparticles01 natural sciencesDissociation (chemistry)catalytic reactionsRhodiumCatalysisMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionplatinummetal nanoparticlesmetallitPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrywater activationta116ta114Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologycatalytic properties0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsGeneral Energyadsorptionkatalyysivisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumnanoparticlesnanohiukkasetadsorptio0210 nano-technologyThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Branching Ratios and Spectral Functions of $\tau$ Decays: final ALEPH measurements and physics implications

2005

The full LEP-1 data set collected with the ALEPH detector at the $Z$ pole during 1991-1995 is analysed in order to measure the $\tau$ decay branching fractions. Extensive systematic studies are performed, in order to match the large statistics of the data sample corresponding to over 300 000 measured and identified $\tau$ decays. Branching fractions are obtained for the two leptonic channels and eleven hadronic channels defined by their respective numbers of charged particles and $\pi^0$'s. Using previously published ALEPH results on final states with charged and neutral kaons, corrections are applied to the hadronic channels to derive branching ratios for exclusive final states without kao…

tau; branching fractions; Z poleParticle physicsbranching fractionElectron–positron annihilationHadronFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyStrangeness01 natural sciencesAsymptotic freedomhadronicHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)tau decay; PION FORM-FACTOR; ELECTROWEAK RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONSquantum chromodynamictau decay0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]tau010306 general physicsMinimal subtraction schemeQuantum chromodynamicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsZ poleHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyCharged particle3. Good healthsum rulebranching fractionsIsospinHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentELECTROWEAK RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONSParticle Physics - ExperimentPION FORM-FACTOR
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Addressing Complexity in Science|Environment|Health Pedagogy

2019

This paper aims to discuss complexity as a key feature for understanding the role of science knowledge in environmental and health contexts—a central issue in Science|Environment|Health pedagogy. Complex systems are, in principle, not predictable. In different contexts, ephemeral mechanisms produce different, sometimes completely unexpected results. The art of decision-making in complex contexts is to take scientific knowledge into account but to interpret its meaning in terms of concrete complex contexts. This is illustrated by four empirical studies on Science|Environment|Health issues, presented midway through this paper. The findings underscore the importance of introducing complexity i…

teacher identitySociology of scientific knowledgemiljöundervisningSocio-Scientific IssuesScience educationcontextSTSEH pedagogyInquiry Based Science EducationEmpirical researchteaching complex issuesPedagogyhälsodidaktikComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONteacher roleSociologyenvironmental literacySocio-scientific issuesrisknanotechnologyPedagogySEHhealthSSIBLTeacher Professional DevelopmentEnvironmental educationethical-political dilemmastechnologyPARRISEnanoTPDenvironmenthälsoundervisningScience-Technology-Society-Environment-HealthSTSEHealth literacyContext (language use)decision makingScience|Environment|Health pedagogyhealth educationcomplex systemsmiljödidaktikconflict analysislife-cycle analysiscitizenship educationbusiness.industrynanotechPedagogikcomplex issuesrisk educationScientific literacyenvironmental educationSEH pedagogynanoparticlesscience educationcomplexitybusinesscomplexity-based science educationhealth literacyscientific literacy
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Indistinguishability of Elementary Systems as a Resource for Quantum Information Processing.

2017

Typical elements of quantum networks are made by identical systems, which are the basic particles constituting a resource for quantum information processing. Whether the indistinguishability due to particle identity is an exploitable quantum resource remains an open issue. Here we study independently prepared identical particles showing that, when they spatially overlap, an operational entanglement exists which can be made manifest by means of separated localized measurements. We prove this entanglement is physical in that it can be directly exploited to activate quantum information protocols, such as teleportation. These results establish that particle indistinguishability is a utilizable …

teleportationQuantum PhysicsQuantum networkComputer scienceIdentical particles: Quantum EntanglementFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum entanglement01 natural sciencesTeleportationSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmas0103 physical sciencesQuantum information processingIdentity (object-oriented programming)ParticleStatistical physicsQuantum informationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsQuantumIdentical particlesPhysical review letters
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Effect of Core–Shell Rubber Nanoparticles on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxy and Epoxy-Based CFRP

2022

This research was funded by M-Era.Net project MERF “Matrix for carbon reinforced epoxy laminates with reduced flammability” grant No. 1.1.1.5/ERANET/20/04 from the Latvian State Education Development Agency and M-Era.Net project “EPIC—European Partnership for Improved Composites“ funded by grant No. TH06020001. A.S., K.S. and A.Z. are grateful to funding received from the European Union Horizon 2020 Framework program H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2.

tensile propertiescore–shell rubber nanoparticlesepoxy; CFRP; core–shell rubber nanoparticles; tensile properties; fracture toughness; glass transition temperatureGeneral Materials Science:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics [Research Subject Categories]glass transition temperatureCFRPepoxyfracture toughness
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Formation of Si/SiO2 Luminescent Quantum Dots From Mesoporous Silicon by Sodium Tetraborate/Citric Acid Oxidation Treatment

2019

We propose a rapid, one-pot method to generate photoluminescent (PL) mesoporous silicon nanoparticles (PSiNPs). Typically, mesoporous silicon (meso-PSi) films, obtained by electrochemical etching of monocrystalline silicon substrates, do not display strong PL because the silicon nanocrystals (nc-Si) in the skeleton are generally too large to display quantum confinement effects. Here we describe an improved approach to form photoluminescent PSiNPs from meso-PSi by partial oxidation in aqueous sodium borate (borax) solutions. The borax solution acts to simultaneously oxidize the nc-Si surface and to partially dissolve the oxide product. This results in reduction of the size of the nc-Si core …

theranosticsMaterials sciencePassivationSiliconSilicon dioxideOxidechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencessilicon nanoparticles (SiNPs)Monocrystalline siliconlcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundporous silicon (PS)Silicic acidOriginal ResearchAqueous solutionGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesChemistryChemical engineeringchemistrylcsh:QD1-999photoluminescencebiomedical application0210 nano-technologyMesoporous materialFrontiers in Chemistry
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