Search results for "Particles"

showing 10 items of 8085 documents

Decagram-Scale Synthesis of Multicolor Carbon Nanodots: Self-Tracking Nanoheaters with Inherent and Selective Anticancer Properties

2022

Carbon nanodots (CDs) are a new class of carbon-based nanoparticles endowed with photoluminescence, high specific surface area, and good photothermal conversion, which have spearheaded many breakthroughs in medicine, especially in drug delivery and cancer theranostics. However, the tight control of their structural, optical, and biological properties and the synthesis scale-up have been very difficult so far. Here, we report for the first time an efficient protocol for the one-step synthesis of decagram-scale quantities of N,S-doped CDs with a narrow size distribution, along with a single nanostructure multicolor emission, high near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion efficiency, and sel…

theranosticsMolecular StructureCell SurvivalInfrared RaysOptical ImagingAntineoplastic AgentsBiocompatible Materialstargeted cancer therapyCarbonCell Linemulticolor emissionMaterials TestingHumansNanoparticlesGeneral Materials Sciencecarbon nanodotshigh yield synthesisDrug Screening Assays AntitumorReactive Oxygen SpeciesCell Proliferation
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Photobleaching and Recovery Kinetics of a Palette of Carbon Nanodots Probed by In Situ Optical Spectroscopy

2022

Carbon dots (CDs) are a family of fluorescent nanoparticles displaying a wide range of interesting properties, which make them attractive for potential applications in different fields like bioimaging, photocatalysis, and many others. However, despite many years of dedicated studies, wide variations exist in the literature concerning the reported photostability of CDs, and even the photoluminescence mechanism is still unclear. Furthermore, an increasing number of recent studies have highlighted the photobleaching (PB) of CDs under intense UV or visible light beams. PB phenomena need to be fully addressed to optimize practical uses of CDs and can also provide information on the fundamental m…

time-resolved dynamicsfluorescent nanoparticlesdiffusionSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGeneral Materials Sciencecarbon nanodotsphotoresistancephotobleaching
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Measurement of the top quark charge in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

2013

A measurement of the top quark electric charge is carried out in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider using 2.05 fb[superscript −1] of data at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. In units of the elementary electric charge, the top quark charge is determined to be 0.64 ± 0.02 (stat.) ± 0.08 (syst.) from the charges of the top quark decay products in single lepton t[¯ over t] candidate events. This excludes models that propose a heavy quark of electric charge −4/3, instead of the Standard Model top quark, with a significance of more than 8σ.

top physics; hadron-hadron scatteringNuclear and High Energy PhysicsTop quarkParticle physics530 PhysicsAtlas detectorCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicastop physicsHigh Energy Physics::Lattice:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciences7. Clean energy01 natural sciences530High Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Naturvetenskap0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]High Energy Physics010306 general physicsQCCiencias Exactashadron-hadron scatteringtop quarkPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderHadron-Hadron ScatteringScience & TechnologyATLAS detector010308 nuclear & particles physicsAtlas (topology)Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaATLASTop physicsHADRON-HADRON COLLISIONSproton-proton collisionsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLHCHadron-Hadron Scattering; Top physicsNatural SciencesParticle Physics - ExperimentLepton
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Polyphenols Epigallocatechin Gallate and Resveratrol, and Polyphenol-Functionalized Nanoparticles Prevent Enterovirus Infection through Clustering an…

2021

To efficiently lower virus infectivity and combat virus epidemics or pandemics, it is important to discover broadly acting antivirals. Here, we investigated two naturally occurring polyphenols, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Resveratrol (RES), and polyphenol-functionalized nanoparticles for their antiviral efficacy. Concentrations in the low micromolar range permanently inhibited the infectivity of high doses of enteroviruses (107 PFU/mL). Sucrose gradient separation of radiolabeled viruses, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopic imaging and an in-house developed real-time fluorescence assay revealed that polyphenols prevented infection mainly through clustering of…

torjuntapolyfenolitviruksetvirusesfood and beveragesstabilointi (kemia)epidemiatantiviral efficacyinfektiotArticlefunctionalized gold nanoparticlesenterovirusespandemiatstabilizationRS1-441enteroviruksetPharmacy and materia medicalääkehoitonanohiukkaset3111 Biomedicinepolyphenols
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Three-dimensional core-collapse supernovae with complex magnetic structures: I. Explosion dynamics

2021

Magnetic fields can play a major role in the dynamics of outstanding explosions associated to violent events such as GRBs and hypernovae, since they provide a natural mechanism to harness the rotational energy of the central proto-neutron star and power relativistic jets through the stellar progenitor. As the structure of such fields is quite uncertain, most numerical models of MHD-driven core-collapse supernovae consider an aligned dipole as initial magnetic field, while the field's morphology can actually be much more complex. We present three-dimensional simulations of core-collapse supernovae with more realistic magnetic structures, such as quadrupolar fields and, for the first time, an…

transients: supernovaeField (physics)MHDAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenagamma-ray burst: generalFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesstars: magnetarsAstrophysical jet0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)relativistic processesPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsRotational energyMagnetic fieldDipoleAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsinstabilitiesSpace and Planetary ScienceMagnetohydrodynamicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]HypernovaDynamo
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The impact of non-dipolar magnetic fields in core-collapse supernovae

2019

The magnetic field is believed to play an important role in at least some core-collapse supernovae if its magnitude reaches $10^{15}\,\rm{G}$, which is a typical value for a magnetar. In the presence of fast rotation, such a strong magnetic field can drive powerful jet-like explosions if it has the large-scale coherence of a dipole. The topology of the magnetic field is, however, probably much more complex with strong multipolar and small-scale components and the consequences for the explosion are so far unclear. We investigate the effects of the magnetic field topology on the dynamics of core-collapse supernovae and the properties of forming proto-neutron star (PNS) by comparing pre-collap…

transients: supernovaeMHDAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCompact starMagnetar01 natural sciencesstars: magnetars0103 physical sciences010303 astronomy & astrophysicsrelativistic processesPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Toroid010308 nuclear & particles physicsgamma-ray burststurbulenceAstronomy and AstrophysicsRotational energyComputational physicsMagnetic fieldSupernovaDipoleSpace and Planetary ScienceMagnetohydrodynamicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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Recommendations of the LHC Dark Matter Working Group: Comparing LHC searches for dark matter mediators in visible and invisible decay channels and ca…

2019

Physics of the Dark Universe 26, 100377 (2019). doi:10.1016/j.dark.2019.100377

transverse momentum: missing-energyscale: TeVAtomic01 natural sciencesParticle and Plasma Physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]scattering [p p]TeV [scale]010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderCMSPhysicsaxial-vectorMonte Carlo [numerical calculations]ATLASCERN LHC Collinterpretation of experimentsrelic density [dark matter]colliding beams [p p]numerical calculations: Monte CarloAstronomical and Space SciencessignatureParticle physicsp p: scatteringDark matterlepton: couplingdark matter: production5300103 physical sciencesThermalNuclearddc:530Pseudovector010308 nuclear & particles physicsdark matter: relic densityMolecularAstronomy and Astrophysicsmediation [dark matter]dark matter: mediationproduction [dark matter]Space and Planetary Sciencemissing-energy [transverse momentum][PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]invisible decaycoupling [lepton][PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]p p: colliding beamsvectorLeptonexperimental results
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Forward-central two-particle correlations in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

2016

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2 GeV/c. peerReviewed

trigger particlesp–Pb collisionsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experimenttwo-particle angular correlations
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Effect of the extensional flow on the properties of oriented nanocomposite films for twist wrapping

2011

In this study, we examined the mechanical behavior of nanocomposite films based on polyethylene (PE) and pristine PE films. The films were prepared by film blowing and were then cold-drawn at low temperature. The experimental results show that cold drawing significantly enhanced the orientation; with increasing draw ratio (DR), the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the PE films strongly increased, particularly in the presence of the organoclay. To obtain polymeric films suitable for twist wrapping, the films must be sufficiently stiff so that no shrinkage or elastic recovery occur during or after twisting. The elongation at break and the yield strain sharply decreased with orientation…

twist wrappingNanocompositeMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsNanoparticleGeneral ChemistryPolyethyleneSurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistry.chemical_compoundclay particleschemistryUltimate tensile strengthpolyethylene-based nanocomposite filmMaterials ChemistryOrganoclayElongationComposite materialElastic modulusShrinkage
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Search for photons with energies above 1018 eV using the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

2017

A search for ultra-high energy photons with energies above 1 EeV is performed using nine years of data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory in hybrid operation mode. An unprecedented separation power between photon and hadron primaries is achieved by combining measurements of the longitudinal air-shower development with the particle content at ground measured by the fluorescence and surface detectors, respectively. Only three photon candidates at energies 1-2 EeV are found, which is compatible with the expected hadron-induced background. Upper limits on the integral flux of ultra-high energy photons of 0.027, 0.009, 0.008, 0.008 and 0.007 km-2 sr-1 yr-1 are derived at 95% C.L. for ener…

ultra high energy cosmic rays cosmic ray experimentsPhoton[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]AstronomyHadronFluxultra high energy cosmic rays; cosmic ray experiments7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)energy: thresholdCosmic ray experiments[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physicsphoton: productionconstraint: energyCOSMIC-RAYSAugerobservatoryContent (measure theory)ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearfluorescenceAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenalongitudinalAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDark matterFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayultra high energy cosmic raysdark matterUltra high energy cosmic rays Cosmic ray experiments Astronomy and Astrophysics.Nuclear physics[ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]0103 physical sciencesultra high energy cosmic rays; cosmic ray experiments; Astronomy and Astrophysicscosmic radiation: UHEHigh Energy PhysicsCiencias ExactasPierre Auger ObservatorySPECTRUMhybridbackgrounddetector: surface010308 nuclear & particles physicsFísicaUltra high energy cosmic raysAstronomy and AstrophysicsASTROFÍSICAULTRA-HIGH ENERGYfluxExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentcosmic ray experimentshadron[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Energy (signal processing)
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