Search results for "Particles"

showing 10 items of 8085 documents

Ultra-High Energy Neutrinos at the Pierre Auger Observatory

2013

The observation of ultrahigh energy neutrinos (UHE nu s) has become a priority in experimental astroparticle physics. UHE nu s can be detected with a variety of techniques. In particular, neutrinos can interact in the atmosphere (downward-going nu) or in the Earth crust (Earth-skimming nu), producing air showers that can be observed with arrays of detectors at the ground. With the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can detect these types of cascades. The distinguishing signature for neutrino events is the presence of very inclined showers produced close to the ground (i.e., after having traversed a large amount of atmosphere). In this work we review the procedure and …

ultra high energy neutrino[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCiencias FísicasAstronomyFluxAstrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesAltas energíasAuger//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]surface [detector]ObservatoryneutriniCosmic-rayscosmic rayHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsCascada atmosférica extensaOBSERVATÓRIOS[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]PhysicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsneutrino; Augerlcsh:QC1-999AugercascadeUHE [neutrino]observatoryPhysics::Space PhysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearultra high energy neutrinosNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASsignatureTAU-NEUTRINOSatmosphere [showers]FLUXNuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Article SubjectairAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayFísica de Partículas y CamposLIMITPartícules (Física nuclear)Ultra high energy cosmic rayAtmosphere[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]Air-showersSEARCHNeutrino0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsAstrophysiqueCiencias ExactasPierre Auger ObservatoryAstroparticle physicsSPECTRUM010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaUltra high energy cosmic raystelescopes//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https]Ultrahigh Energyflux13. Climate actionenergy [neutrino]Pierre AugerExperimental High Energy PhysicsARRAYHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstroparticle physicslcsh:Physics
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Dual Enzyme-Triggered Controlled Release on Capped Nanometric Silica Mesoporous Supports

2012

The development of nanoscopic hybrid materials equipped with “molecular gates” showing the ability of releasing target entrapped guests upon the application of an external trigger has attracted great attention and has been extensively explored during recent years.1 These nanodevices are composed of two subunits, namely, a suitable support and certain capping entities grafted on the surface of the scaffolding.2 The support is used as a suitable reservoir in which certain chemicals can be stored whereas the molecules grafted in the outer surface act as a “gate” and can control the release of the entrapped molecules at will. Both components are carefully selected and arranged in order to achie…

ureaseINGENIERIA DE LA CONSTRUCCIONChemistryQUIMICA INORGANICANanoparticleNanotechnologyGeneral Chemistrymesoporous materialsControlled releaseUreaseCommunicationsMesoporous materialsQUIMICA ORGANICADrug deliveryDrug deliverydrug deliveryMoleculeControlled releaseNanoparticlesnanoparticlesMesoporous materialHybrid materialcontrolled releaseNanoscopic scale
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Environmental remediation using nanomaterial as adsorbents for emerging micropollutants

2023

Water shortage and scarcity are issues of global concern. Water pollution caused by organic micropollutants further aggravates the problem, by rendering an already scarce resource unfit for human consumption. The existing conventional wastewater treatment methods and infrastructure were not designed to eliminate micropollutants. Therefore, their inefficiencies call for modern methods for removing emerging micropollutant residues such as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs), personal care products and pesticides. The use of nanomaterials, for the abatement of micropollutants in water is gaining traction in recent years, due to the abundance of susta…

vedenpuhdistusMaterials Science (miscellaneous)antibiootittorjunta-aineetpesticidesjätevesiManagement Monitoring Policy and LawmicropollutantsPollutionantibioticswastewater treatment methodsmikrosaasteetnanoparticlesnanohiukkasetsteroiditwastewaterWaste Management and Disposalsteroidsenvironmental remediationjäteveden käsittelyWater Science and TechnologyEnvironmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management
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Measurement of dielectron production in central Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

2019

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. The first measurement of dielectron (e + e −) production in central (0 – 10 %) Pb – Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76TeV at the LHC is presented. The dielectron invariant-mass spectrum is compared to the expected contributions from hadron decays in the invariant-mass range 0 < mee < 3.5 GeV / c2. The ratio of data and the cocktail of hadronic contributions without vacuum ρ0 is measured in the invariant-mass range 0.15 < mee < 0.7 GeV / c2, w…

virtual [photon]:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]heavy ion collisionsHadrondielectron productionhiukkasfysiikkaPP01 natural sciencesS-W INTERACTIONSthermalALICEPhysics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear ExperimentBrookhaven RHIC CollPhysicsAU COLLISIONSLarge Hadron Colliderphoton: virtual ; photon: direct production ; heavy ion: scattering ; hadron: decay ; Brookhaven RHIC Coll ; transverse momentum ; CERN LHC Coll ; thermal ; ALICE ; mesonVDP::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431DIRECT PHOTON PRODUCTIONddc::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]CERN LHC CollVDP::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431Transverse momentumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRho mesondirect production [photon]MesonPAIR PRODUCTIONPhoton lepton & quark productiontransverse momentumFew-body systemsmesonNuclear physicsDIRECT PHOTON PRODUCTION; S-W INTERACTIONS; AU COLLISIONS; RHO-MESON; DIMUON PRODUCTION; PAIR PRODUCTION; PP; J/PSI; ENHANCEMENT; EMISSIONENHANCEMENTscattering [heavy ion]0103 physical sciencesRelativistic heavy-ion collisionsRHO-MESON010306 general physicsParticle & resonance productionNuclear Physicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physics:Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.J/PSIPair productionDIMUON PRODUCTIONQuark–gluon plasmaHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentEMISSIONdecay [hadron]
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The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC

2008

Journal of Instrumentation 3(08), S08002 (2008). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08002

visible and IR photonsLiquid detectorshigh energyPhotonPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsTransition radiation detectorsTiming detectors01 natural sciencesOverall mechanics designParticle identificationSoftware architecturesParticle identification methodsGaseous detectorscluster findingDetector cooling and thermo-stabilizationDetector groundingParticle tracking detectors[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Special cablesDetector alignment and calibration methodsDetectors and Experimental TechniquesNuclear ExperimentVoltage distributions.Photon detectors for UVInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderSpectrometersPhysicsDetectorcalibration and fitting methodsTransition radiation detectorScintillatorsData processing methodsAnalysis and statistical methodsData reduction methodsParticle physicsCherenkov and transition radiationTime projection chambers610dE/dx detectorsNuclear physicsCalorimetersPattern recognitionGamma detectors0103 physical sciencesddc:610Solid state detectors010306 general physicsMuonInstrumentation for heavy-ion acceleratorsSpectrometerLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsCERN; LHC; ALICE; heavy ion; QGPCherenkov detectorsComputingVoltage distributionsManufacturingscintillation and light emission processesanalysis and statistical methods; calorimeters; cherenkov and transition radiation; cherenkov detectors; computing; data processing methods; data reduction methods; de/dx detectors; detector alignment and calibration methods; detector cooling and thermo-stabilization; detector design and construction technologies and materials; detector grounding; gamma detectors; gaseous detectors; instrumentation for heavy-ion accelerators; instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high energy; large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; liquid detectors; manufacturing; overall mechanics design; particle identification methods; particle tracking detectors; pattern recognition; cluster finding; calibration and fitting methods; photon detectors for uv; visible and ir photons; scintillators; scintillation and light emission processes; simulation methods and programs; software architectures; solid state detectors; special cables; spectrometers; time projection chambers; timing detectors; transition radiation detectors; voltage distributionsInstrumentation for particle accelerators and storage ringsInstrumentation; Mathematical PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSimulation methods and programsDetector design and construction technologies and materials
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Plume composition changes during the birth of a new lava lake - Nyamulagira volcano, DR Congo

2016

Nyamulagira, in the Virunga Volcanic Province (VVP), Democratic Republic of Congo, is one of the most active volcanoes in Africa. The volcano is located about 25 km north-northwest of Lake Kivu in the Western Branch of the East African Rift System (EARS) with a distance of only 15 km to Nyiragongo, which is well known for its decades-old active lava lake. Nyamulagira is a shield volcano with a 3058 m high and 2000 m wide summit caldera. The volcano is characterized by frequent eruptions, which occur both from the summit crater and from the flanks (31 flank eruptions over the last 110 years). Due to the low viscosity lava, although significantly higher than the one of Nyiragongo, wide lava f…

volcanic emissions lava lake plume gases and particlesSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Consolidation tests on the graffiti of the Steri’s prison with nanotechnological Ca(OH)2 dispersed in iso-propanol

2009

The combination of weathering and human activities often induce pyhisicochemical alteration on the surface of wall paintings. One of the most still largely used restoration techniques for these works of art, is based on the application of organic polymers. Due to their ability to stick detached and powdered pigments,these products provide an immediate consolidating effects. Unfortunately, both their aging and their pyhisicochemical incompatibility with the inorganic support can have serious consequences also causing further damage to the work of art. In this paper a new technological approach is presented based on the use of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles dispersed in isopropanol. Some applicative t…

wall paintings conservation Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles consolidation.Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Development of an immunochromatographic assay based on carbon nanoparticles for the determination of the phytoregulator forchlorfenuron

2013

Rapid analytical methods enabling the determination of diverse targets are essential in a number of research areas, from clinical diagnostics to feed and food quality and safety. Herein, the development of a quantitative immunochromatographic assay for the detection of the synthetic phytoregulator forchlorfenuron (CPPU) is described. The competitive lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was based on the immobilization onto a nitrocellulose membrane of an ovalbumin-CPPU conjugate (test line) and on the use of an immunodetection ligand consisting of carbon nanoparticles labeled with an anti-CPPU monoclonal antibody through interaction with a secondary antibody. The presence of CPPU in horticultural…

water samplesCarbon nanoparticlesAnalyteImmunoreactive stripsPyridinesCarbon NanoparticlesBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayCPPUBiosensing Techniquesantibody-based immunoassayForchlorfenuronbiosensorHigh-performance liquid chromatographychemistry.chemical_compoundElectrochemistryImmunoassayDetection limitvalidationChromatographyChemistrystrip testPhenylurea Compoundslateral flow immunoassayAntibodies Monoclonalcomputer image-analysisGeneral MedicineCarbonHaptendipstick assayBBP Bioconversionrapid detectionImmunosensingNanoparticlessensitive detectionBiosensorNitrocelluloseBiotechnologyConjugate
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Few-body insights of multiquark exotic hadrons

2018

In this contribution we discuss the adequate treatment of the $4-$ and $5-$body dynamics within a constituent quark framework. We stress that the variational and Born-Oppenheimer approximations give energies rather close to the exact ones, while the diquark approximation might be rather misleading. Hall-Post inequalities provide very useful lower bounds that exclude possible stable states for some mass ratios and color wave functions.

wave functionhadron: exoticBorn–Oppenheimer approximationConstituent quarkFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesStability (probability)symbols.namesakeTheoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)multiquarkquark: constituent0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsWave functionBorn-Oppenheimer approximationStable statePhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsExotic hadronMass ratiostabilityDiquarkHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]symbolsapproximation: diquarkmass ratio
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Strain hardening in liquid-particle suspensions

2005

The behavior of a liquid-particle suspension induced to sheared motion was analyzed by numerical simulations. When the velocity (strain) of the suspension began to increase, its viscosity first stayed almost constant, but increased then rapidly to a clearly higher level. This increase in viscosity is shown to be related to formation of clusters of suspended particles. Clusters are shown to increase the viscosity by enhanced momentum transfer though clustered particles. This is the mechanism behind the strain-hardening phenomenon observed in small-strain experiments on liquid-particle suspensions.

work hardeningMaterials scienceStrain (chemistry)numerical analysisMomentum transferSuspended particlesStrain hardening exponentshearSuspension (chemistry)Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPhysics::Fluid DynamicsViscosityChemical physicsviscosityParticlesuspensionsshear propertiesPhysical review E
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