Search results for "Parus"

Data from: Low but contrasting neutral genetic differentiation shaped by winter temperature in European great tits

2015

Gene flow is usually thought to reduce genetic divergence and impede local adaptation by homogenising gene pools between populations. However, evidence for local adaptation and phenotypic differentiation in highly mobile species, experiencing high levels of gene flow, is emerging. Assessing population genetic structure at different spatial scales is thus a crucial step towards understanding mechanisms underlying intraspecific differentiation and diversification. Here, we studied the population genetic structure of a highly mobile species – the great tit Parus major – at different spatial scales. We analysed 884 individuals from 30 sites across Europe including 10 close-by sites (< 50 km)…

The transcriptome analysis of Strongyloides stercoralis L3i larvae reveals targets for intervention in a neglected disease.

2012

Background: Strongyloidiasis is one of the most neglected diseases distributed worldwide with endemic areas in developed countries, where chronic infections are life threatening. Despite its impact, very little is known about the molecular biology of the parasite involved and its interplay with its hosts. Next generation sequencing technologies now provide unique opportunities to rapidly address these questions. Principal Findings: Here we present the first transcriptome of the third larval stage of S. stercoralis using 454 sequencing coupled with semi-automated bioinformatic analyses. 253,266 raw sequence reads were assembled into 11,250 contiguous sequences, most of which were novel. 8037…

Data from: Gene flow in the European coal tit, Periparus ater (Aves: Passeriformes): low among Mediterranean populations but high in a continental co…

2018

Extant phylogeographic patterns of Palearctic terrestrial vertebrates are generally believed to have originated from glacial range fragmentation. Post-Pleistocene range expansions have led to the formation of secondary contact zones among genetically distinct taxa. For coal tits (Periparus ater), such a contact zone has been localized in Germany. In this study, we quantified gene flow between Fennoscandian and southern European coal tits using a set of 13 microsatellite loci. STRUCTURE analysis revealed four genetic clusters two of these on Mediterranean islands. German populations were genetically admixed but introgression of southern alleles was evident for Fennoscandian populations. In t…

Data from: The role of partial incubation and egg repositioning within the clutch in hatching asynchrony and subsequent effects on breeding success

2019

The main mechanism to achieve hatching asynchrony (HA) for incubating birds is to start heating the eggs before clutch completion. This might be achieved through partial incubation and/or early incubation. Even in the absence of incubation behaviour during the laying phase, clutches still experience a certain degree of asynchrony. Recent studies have shown that eggs located in the centre of the nest receive more heat than peripheral ones during incubation. Since eggs receiving more heat would develop faster, we hypothesised that HA should be shorter in nests where eggs were moved homogeneously along the centre-periphery space during incubation compared to those nests where eggs repeatedly r…

Effects of dietary dehydrated lemon peel on some biochemical markers related to general metabolism, welfare and stress in gilthead seabream (Sparus a…

2019

Dehydrated lemon peel (DLP) at two levels (1.5% and 3%) was included for 30 days in the diet of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) and after 15 and 30 days the serum and skin mucus of fish were analysed. In serum, both experimental diets led to an initial decrease in glucose and lactate after which the levels became comparable to the control. Dietary DLP modulated the activity of transaminases, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. The total antioxidant status showed a progressive increase in relation to levels of inclusion of DLP and time of administration (p '.05). In skin mucus, some biomolecular markers related to general stress, oxidative stress and apoptosis exhib…

Seabream (Sparus aurata) long-term dominant-subordinate interplay affects phagocytosis by peritoneal cavity cells.

2012

Fish are sensitive to stressful conditions that affect their innate immune systems and increase their susceptibility to diseases. We examined the social stress of paired gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Social hierarchies (dominant/subordinate) were characterised by behavioural changes, such as “aggressiveness” and “feeding order”; hierarchical positions were established within an hour of exposure to social stress and remained unchanged for approximately 1 year. To characterise physiological stress, we measured blood plasma levels of cortisol, glucose, and lactate as well as osmolarity and observed that the levels of these stress markers were higher in subordinate individuals than in domi…

No evidence for associations between brood size, gut microbiome diversity and survival in great tit (Parus major) nestlings

2022

Abstract Background The gut microbiome forms at an early stage, yet data on the environmental factors influencing the development of wild avian microbiomes is limited. As the gut microbiome is a vital part of organismal health, it is important to understand how it may connect to host performance. The early studies with wild gut microbiome have shown that the rearing environment may be of importance in gut microbiome formation, yet the results vary across taxa, and the effects of specific environmental factors have not been characterized. Here, wild great tit (Parus major) broods were manipulated to either reduce or enlarge the original brood soon after hatching. We investigated if brood siz…

Evaluation of waterborne exposure to heavy metals in innate immune defences present on skin mucus of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

2015

Aquatic animals are continuously exposed to chemical pollutants but the effects evoked in skin surfaces, which receive the most direct contact with them, are poorly investigated. Terminal carbohydrate composition and immunological components present in skin mucus of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) specimens exposed to waterborne sublethal dosages of heavy metals [arsenic (As2O3), cadmium (CdCl2) and mercury (CH3HgCl) at 5, 5 and 0.04 μM, respectively for 2, 10 and 30 days were analysed. Moreover, the presence of a fucose binding lectin (FBL) was evaluated by western blot and the protein profiles were by SDS-PAGE and HPLC. Results showed little effects of heavy metals in the presence of…

Saalistusriskin vaikutus lintujen pesäpaikan valintaan ja pesimämenestykseen

2007

Production d’hamburger de filet de dorade (Sparus aurata) d’élevage: caractérisation nutritionnelle et sensorielle au cours du shelf-life

2016

Within the framework of the Work Package 5 «Valorisation de l'image des produits aquacoles» and the activity 5.3 «Innovation en vue de valoriser les produits aquacoles» of SecurAqua project, we have assessed the possibility of diversification of Sicilian farmed fish, through the production of processed products, among which seabream fillets hamburgers. In order to verify the feasibility of the process, we have performed a preliminary study of global quality characteristics of the product, including both the nutritional and sensory aspects correlated to the security and sustainability of the product. Results showed that, in terms of nutritional requirements, the hamburger samples maintained …