Search results for "Parvovirus B19"
showing 7 items of 27 documents
Human parvovirus B19 induced apoptotic bodies contain altered self-antigens that are phagocytosed by antigen presenting cells.
2013
Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) from the erythrovirus genus is known to be a pathogenic virus in humans. Prevalence of B19V infection has been reported worldwide in all seasons, with a high incidence in the spring. B19V is responsible for erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) commonly seen in children. Its other clinical presentations include arthralgia, arthritis, transient aplastic crisis, chronic anemia, congenital anemia, and hydrops fetalis. In addition, B19V infection has been reported to trigger autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the mechanisms of B19V participation in autoimmunity are not fully understood. B19V induced chronic dise…
The Putative Metal Coordination Motif in the Endonuclease Domain of Human Parvovirus B19 NS1 Is Critical for NS1 Induced S Phase Arrest and DNA Damage
2011
The non-structural proteins (NS) of the parvovirus family are highly conserved multi-functional molecules that have been extensively characterized and shown to be integral to viral replication. Along with NTP-dependent helicase activity, these proteins carry within their sequences domains that allow them to bind DNA and act as nucleases in order to resolve the concatameric intermediates developed during viral replication. The parvovirus B19 NS1 protein contains sequence domains highly similar to those previously implicated in the above-described functions of NS proteins from adeno-associated virus (AAV), minute virus of mice (MVM) and other non-human parvoviruses. Previous studies have show…
Immune tolerance disruption by human parvovirus B19 viral infection mechanisms
2013
Virusinfektioita pidetään kasvavissa määrin suurimpana ympäristöperäisenä syynä, joka vaikuttaa autoimmuunisairauksien kehitykseen ja autoimmuniteetin muodostukseen. Esimerkiksi parvovirus B19 (B19V) on yhdistetty punahukkaan sekä nivelreumaan. On todettu, että B19V:n ei-rakenteellinen proteiini 1 (NS1) aiheuttaa apoptoosia soluissa, jotka eivät tavallisesti ole B19V infektion kohteena. Lisäksi hiljattain on osoitettu, että apoptoosin seurauksena muodostuvat apoptoottiset kappaleet kykenevät esittelemään antigeenejä niitä esittelemään erikoistuneille soluille, kuten makrofageille tai dendriittisoluille. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on löytää B19V infektioon liittyviä autoantigeenejä sekä…
Generation of multifunctional murine monoclonal antibodies specifically directed to the VP1unique region protein of human parvovirus B19.
2007
Little is known about the VP1unique region (VP1u), a part of one major capsid protein of human parvovirus B19 (B19), concerning its involvement in viral replication and infection cycle. Showing a phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-like activity, which is discussed to be necessary for viral release from host cell, its precise function remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to generate multifunctional monoclonal antibodies (mabs) for different applications that may be useful in investigating VP1u's relevance. To establish antiVP1u antibodies, spleen cells from Balb/c mice immunized with purified recombinant viral protein were used for generating antibody-producing hybridoma cell lines. Usability…
Parvovirus B19-Associated Microvesicular Eruption
2015
We report on a 3-year-old girl with a microvesicular generalized rash in whom primary infection by parvovirus B19 was demonstrated by seroconversion. To our knowledge, this is the first instance of an eruption arising from parvovirus B19 with this peculiar clinical pattern.
Pathogenesis and autoimmunity initiated by a viral protein-induced apoptotic bodies
2016
Ihmisen parvovirus B19 (B19) on laajalle levinnyt, yleinen virus, joka aiheuttaa lapsissa parvorokkoa (viides tauti). Aikuisille B19 aiheuttaa erinäisiä sairauksia, muun muassa nivelkipuja ja – tulehdusta, anemiaa, sekä raskaana oleville sikiöpöhöä. Lisäksi B19 infektio saattaa johtaa autoimmuunisairauksiin, kuten punahukkaan (systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE), nivelreumaan ja sydänlihastulehdukseen. Toisaalta infektio voi olla myös täysin oireeton. Mekanismit, jotka johtavat B19 tartunnasta autoimmuunisairauteen, ovat vielä tuntemattomia. Kuitenkin tiedetään, että B19:n ei-rakenteellinen proteiini NS1 on soluille tuhoisa ja aiheuttaa niiden kuoleman (apoptoosin) muodostaen solunjäännösten…
Pathogenic mechanisms of how human parvovirus breaks self-tolerance
2017
It is known that viral infections can cause acute, chronic, and autoimmune diseases (ADs). However, the mechanism of how a persistent viral infection contributes to ADs remains still unclear. In this thesis, pathological and immunological aspects of how common viruses can initiate autoimmunity were investigated, and human parvovirus B19 (B19V) was employed as a model virus. B19V non-structural protein 1 (NS1), a superfamily 3 (SF3) helicase, initiated DNA damage resulting in cellular apoptosis. The apoptotic bodies (ApoBods) induced by B19V NS1 were purified and characterized. These ApoBods contained viral NS1 proteins with modified autoimmune-associated self-antigens, e.g. DNA, Smith, Apol…