Search results for "Parvovirus"

Parvovirus induced alterations in nuclear architecture and dynamics.

2009

The nucleus of interphase eukaryotic cell is a highly compartmentalized structure containing the three-dimensional network of chromatin and numerous proteinaceous subcompartments. DNA viruses induce profound changes in the intranuclear structures of their host cells. We are applying a combination of confocal imaging including photobleaching microscopy and computational methods to analyze the modifications of nuclear architecture and dynamics in parvovirus infected cells. Upon canine parvovirus infection, expansion of the viral replication compartment is accompanied by chromatin marginalization to the vicinity of the nuclear membrane. Dextran microinjection and fluorescence recovery after ph…

Exploitation of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Dynein during Parvoviral Traffic toward the Nucleus

2003

ABSTRACT Canine parvovirus (CPV), a model virus for the study of parvoviral entry, enters host cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis, escapes from endosomal vesicles to the cytosol, and then replicates in the nucleus. We examined the role of the microtubule (MT)-mediated cytoplasmic trafficking of viral particles toward the nucleus. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy showed that capsids were transported through the cytoplasm into the nucleus after cytoplasmic microinjection but that in the presence of MT-depolymerizing agents, viral capsids were unable to reach the nucleus. The nuclear accumulation of capsids was also reduced by microinjection of an anti-dynein antibody. More…

Parvovirus B19-induced angiogenesis in fulminant myocarditis

2020

Role of mitochondria in parvovirus pathology.

2014

Proper functioning of the mitochondria is crucial for the survival of the cell. Viruses are able to interfere with mitochondrial functions as they infect the host cell. Parvoviruses are known to induce apoptosis in infected cells, but the role of the mitochondria in parvovirus induced cytopathy is only partially known. Here we demonstrate with confocal and electron microscopy that canine parvovirus (CPV) associated with the mitochondrial outer membrane from the onset of infection. During viral entry a transient depolarization of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increase in ROS level was detected. Subsequently, mitochondrial homeostasis was normalized shortly, as detected by rep…

Human parvovirus B19 induced apoptotic bodies contain altered self-antigens that are phagocytosed by antigen presenting cells.

2013

Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) from the erythrovirus genus is known to be a pathogenic virus in humans. Prevalence of B19V infection has been reported worldwide in all seasons, with a high incidence in the spring. B19V is responsible for erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) commonly seen in children. Its other clinical presentations include arthralgia, arthritis, transient aplastic crisis, chronic anemia, congenital anemia, and hydrops fetalis. In addition, B19V infection has been reported to trigger autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the mechanisms of B19V participation in autoimmunity are not fully understood. B19V induced chronic dise…

TRE CASI DI MIOCARDITE ACUTA DA PARVOVIRUS B19

2019

L’infezione da Parvovirus B19, responsabile del “megaloeritema infettivo”, può determinare conseguenze cliniche gravi, tra le quali: la miocardite acuta, la crisi aplastica del midollo osseo e l’artrite. Esponiamo tre casi clinici di miocardite acuta secondaria a infezione da Parvovirus B19 che hanno avuto decorso sfavorevole: S, femmina di 18 mesi, M, femmina di 3 anni, A, maschio di 2 anni. Le bambine riferivano anamnesi negativa, invece A era affetto da metilmalonico aciduria. S giungeva in PS dopo tre giorni di febbre: soporosa, pallida, dispnoica e tachicardica con soffio sistolico, crepitii alle basi polmonari ed epatomegalia. M riferiva astenia e iporessia da un mese e, all’ingresso …

PARVOVIRUS INFECTION AND KAWASAKI DISEASE: ONE DISEASE FOR TWO SIBLINGS

2018

Introduction: Kawasaki disease (KD) is rarely described in siblings in the same time. In these cases, an infectious trigger must be excluded. Objectives: We describe the clinical course of two brothers who showed severe KD all at once, secondary to Parvovirus infection. Methods: A 9-month-old female showed fever, pallor, vomiting, bilateral non-secreting conjunctivitis, rash. Anamnesis revealed that 12 days before, she had fever, spontaneously resolved. At admission, 9 days after fever onset, she showed fever, conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, rash, and cervical adenopathy. Haematological parameters showed: leukocytosis, neutrophilia; anaemia; CRP: 2.31; ESR: 120. ECG and echocardiography were n…

DUE FRATELLI, IL PARVOVIRUS E DUE KAWASAKI CON FENOTIPO ATIPICO

2018

E' rara la descrizione della Malattia di Kawasaki (MK) in fratelli, ma -se presente- è necessario escludere un trigger infettivo. Riportiamo il caso di due fratelli affetti da MK esordita contemporaneamente in seguito ad un’infezione da Parvovirus. Una bambina di 9 mesi ha presentato febbre, vomito, esantema, congiuntivite non purulenta bilaterale, linfoadenite. All’anamnesi, emergeva un episodio febbrile 12 giorni prima, con risoluzione spontanea in 5 giorni. Presentava: leucocitosi neutrofila, anemia, con transaminasi, Na, albumina, creatinina, urine nella norma. PCR: 2,31 mg/dl; VES: 120. ECG ed ecocardio sono risultati nella norma, con Z-score coronarici normali. IgM anti-Parvovirus era…

Parvovirus H-1-Induced Tumor Cell Death Enhances Human Immune Response In Vitro via Increased Phagocytosis, Maturation, and Cross-Presentation by Den…

2005

Oncotropic and oncolytic viruses have attracted high attention as antitumor agents because they preferentially kill cancer cells in vitro and reduce the incidence of spontaneous, induced, or implanted animal tumors. Some autonomous parvoviruses (H-1, minute virus of mice) and derived recombinant vectors are currently under preclinical evaluation. Still not fully understood, their antitumor properties involve more than just tumor cell killing. Because wild-type parvovirus-mediated tumor cell lysates (TCLs) may trigger antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to augment the host immune repertoire, we analyzed phagocytosis, maturation, and crosspresentation of H-1-induced TCLs by human dendritic cells …

Cytoplasmic Parvovirus Capsids Recruit Importin Beta for Nuclear Delivery

2019

Parvoviruses are an important platform for gene and cancer therapy. Their cell entry and the following steps, including nuclear import, are inefficient, limiting their use in therapeutic applications. Two models exist on parvoviral nuclear entry: the classical import of the viral capsid using nuclear transport receptors of the importin (karyopherin) family or the direct attachment of the capsid to the nuclear pore complex leading to the local disintegration of the nuclear envelope. Here, by laser scanning confocal microscopy and in situ proximity ligation analyses combined with coimmunoprecipitation, we show that infection requires importin β-mediated access to the nuclear pore complex and …