Search results for "Passer"
showing 10 items of 122 documents
Ecomorphological predictors of natal dispersal distances in birds.
2008
1. Dispersal is one of the key ecological parameters but it is very difficult to quantify directly. As a consequence, empirical studies often ignore dispersal or use indirect measures. 2. Ringing data have previously been used to estimate the natal dispersal distances of 47 British passerine bird species. This provides an excellent opportunity to examine the potential of various indirect measures to predict natal dispersal distances in British birds. 3. We use a phylogenetic comparative framework and single- and multipredictor models including ecomorphological, behavioural or ecological traits to predict natal dispersal distance. 4. A multipredictor model that includes Kipp's distance (a me…
Population trends of birds across the iron curtain: Brain matters
2011
One approach to assess human impact on species’ population dynamics is to correlate ecological traits of species with their long-term population trends. Yet, few studies investigated population trends in multiple regions that differ in human impact to reveal which traits explain population trends over larger geographic areas and which only regionally. We examined the relationship between various species traits and long-term population trends of 57 common passerine bird species from 1991 to 2007 in three adjacent regions in central Europe that experienced differences in socioeconomic history: North-Western Germany, Eastern Germany and the Czech Republic. We tested effects of habitat, dietary…
Breeding strategy and morphological characters in an urban population of blackbirds, Turdus merula
2001
Pairing patterns in monogamous birds are thought to be the consequence of mutual mate choice by males and females for characters linked to individual quality in the opposite sex. Although this may result in assortative pairing for a single character, there may be no simple match between male and female phenotype if the traits linked to individual quality are sex specific. For instance, in several passerine species, females tend to select males on the basis of territory quality or characters that may reflect health or vigour, whereas males benefit from pairing with females in good condition that breed early because early breeding increases reproductive success. We investigated pairing patter…
Within territory abundance of red wood ants Formica rufa is associated with the body condition of nestlings in the Eurasian treecreeper Certhia famil…
2007
Studies on individual reproductive success in relation to interspecific competition between distantly related taxa are scarce. We studied whether the abundance of red wood ants Formica rufa -group is related to the breeding habitat selection, fecundity and offspring quality in the Eurasian treecreeper Certhia familiaris, an old-growth forest passerine. The nest-box occupancy data were gathered over a five-year study period, whereas the breeding performance analyses were based on a two-year data set. The abundance of wood ants, measured within 50 m around the nest-boxes, was not related to nest-box occupancy rate, fecundity or the physiological stress of nestlings. In contrast, the abundance…
Breeding near heterospecifics as a defence against brood parasites: can redstarts lower probability of cuckoo parasitism using neighbours?
2022
Breeding habitat choice based on the attraction to other species can provide valuable social information and protection benefits. In birds, species with overlapping resources can be a cue of good quality habitats; species with shared predators and/or brood parasites can increase joint vigilance or cooperative mobbing, while raptors may provide a protective umbrella against these threats. We tested whether the migratory common redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus) is attracted to breed near active nests of the great tit (Parus major), a keystone-information source for migrant passerine birds, or a top predator, the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis). This system is unique to test these quest…
Passerini- ja Ugi-reaktiot luonnonainesynteesissä
2015
Tämän pro gradu -tutkielman kirjallisessa osassa käsitellään Passerini- ja Ugi-reaktioita luonnonainesynteesin näkökulmasta. Lisäksi kirjallisessa osuudessa esitellään luonnonainesynteesejä joissa näitä multikomponenttireaktioita on hyödynnetty. Kirjallisen osan ensimmäinen puolisko alkaa lyhyellä johdannolla jossa esitellään luonnonainesynteesiä ja multikomponenttireaktioita yleisemmin. Tästä jatketaan Passerini- ja Ugi-reaktioihin ja niiden erityispiirteisiin. Luonnonainesynteesejä käsittelevät luvut on jaoteltu sen mukaan millaisia funktionaalisia ryhmiä Passerini- tai Ugi-reaktiolla on esiteltyihin luonnonaineisiin valmistettu, joko suoraan näillä reaktioilla tai niitä seuraavilla jatko…
Data from: Multiple aspects of plasticity in clutch size vary among populations of a globally distributed songbird
2014
1. Plasticity in life-history characteristics can influence many ecological and evolutionary phenomena, including how invading organisms cope with novel conditions in new locations or how environmental change affects organisms in native locations. Variation in reaction norm attributes is a critical element to understanding plasticity in life history, yet we know relatively little about the ways in which reaction norms vary within and among populations. 2. We amassed data on clutch size from marked females in eight populations of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) from North America and Europe. We exploited repeated measures of clutch size to assess both the extent of within-individual pheno…
Eight-point compass rose underlay technique in 72 consecutive elderly patients with large incisional hernia
2011
Summary Background Repair of incisional hernia (IH) in the elderly is a challenge for the surgeon. Primary closure is preferable but is not always possible because of high recurrence rates of IH repaired without a prosthesis and/or possible respiratory and cardiovascular complications due to extreme tension of the margins. We report our experience with underlay mesh placement in elderly patients with large IH. Methods A total of 72 patients from January 2003 to December 2009 underwent IH repair involving placement of an intraperitoneal Gore® DualMesh® prosthesis. The prosthesis was first anchored at eight points in a compass rose pattern using a Gore® suture passer and then firmly secured t…
Phylogeography of a Palaearctic sedentary passerine, the willow tit (Parus montanus)
2001
We analysed variation of the mitochondrial control region from willow tits through its Palaearctic distribution range. Although we found high amount of genetic variation (π=1.114%), there was almost no differentiation between subspecies or geographical localities. This may be because of a combination of several ecological and genetic factors, including a relatively homogenic habitat through the distribution range, lack of geographical barriers, high gene flow and a large long-term effective population size. On the contrary, in the songar tit, which is sometimes considered to be conspecific with the willow tit, the mitochondrial lineages seem to correlate with the geographical locality and a…
Footbridge design in Viale Regione Siciliana in Palermo
2007
The paper investigates some solutions designed by the author, as structural consulting engineer of the municipal administration of Palermo, to build a footbridge over Viale Regione Siciliana, in the section between Via Perpignano and Viale Leonardo Da Vinci. The pedestrian underpass put in place in the 1990s, during the construction of the new road, was considered to be unsatisfactory for pedestrian safety due to possible robberies. In the last few years the administration has been oriented towards the creation of footbridges, designed to be accessible to the differently abled too. This is possible in relationship to the definitive abandonment of the project of a flyover. The paper shows so…