Search results for "Pau"
showing 10 items of 1636 documents
Hormone therapy is associated with better body composition and adipokine/glucose profiles
2012
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of preventing the metabolic health consequences of postmenopausal hypogonadism with the use of long-term hormone therapy (HT). Methods: We used a monozygotic co-twin control design including 10 twin pairs (aged 56-62 y) discordant for HT (duration of HT, 2-10 y). In addition, 14 premenopausal women (aged 29-35 y) who did not use HT were studied to evaluate the differences in metabolic health between the premenopausal and postmenopausal states. Body composition was determined, and waist-to-hip ratio was used as an estimate for fat distribution. Serum sex steroids, sex hormone-binding globulin, and serum lipid and glucose profil…
Blood supply, oxygenation status and metabolic micromilieu of breast cancers: characterization and therapeutic relevance.
2000
The metabolic microenvironment of a tumor is predominantly determined by the efficacy of blood flow, flux parameters (such as diffusion and convective currents in the interstitial space) and metabolic rates. The most important factors in this context include oxygen and nutrient supply, tissue pH and the bioenergetic status. It is now widely accepted that the metabolic microenvironment of a tumor can dramatically influence a range of factors such as proliferation rate, cell cycle position, growth rate and the development of apoptosis and necrosis. At the same time, these parameters can have an impact on tumor detection, therapeutic response to conventional irradiation, some chemotherapy agen…
Soluble and nuclear oestrogen receptor status of advanced endometrial cancer in relation to subsequent clinical prognosis
1987
Both soluble and nuclear oestrogen receptors have been measured in at least two separate sections from 72 endometrial cancers and 12 normal endometria. Concentration of oestrogen receptor is shown to be, in our hands, more meaningful when expressed per unit DNA than per unit protein, whether for soluble or nuclear receptor. Endometrial cancer cells from the central part of the tumour are shown to be receptor negative more frequently than those from peripheral tumour. Thus, in large cancers, biopsies from different areas are required before a tumour can be correctly designated as receptor positive, heterogeneous or receptor negative. The intratumoral variation of receptor status may relate t…
A randomised factorial trial of sequential doxorubicin and CMF vs CMF and chemotherapy alone vs chemotherapy followed by goserelin plus tamoxifen as …
2005
The sequential doxorubicin → CMF (CMF = cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil) regimen has never been compared to CMF in a randomised trial. The role of adding goserelin and tamoxifen after chemotherapy is unclear. In all, 466 premenopausal node-positive patients were randomised to: (a) CMF × 6 cycles (CMF); (b) doxorubicin × 4 cycles followed by CMF × 6 cycles (A → CMF); (c) CMF × 6 cycles followed by goserelin plus tamoxifen × 2 years (CMF → GT); and (d) doxorubicin × 4 cycles followed by CMF × 6 cycles followed by goserelin plus tamoxifen × 2 years (A → CMF → GT). The study used a 2 × 2 factorial experimental design to assess: (1) the effect of the chemotherapy regimens (CMF vs A …
Population attributable risk for ovarian cancer
2000
Parity, oral contraceptive (OC) use, age at menopause, a family history of the disease and selected aspects of diet have been related to the risk of ovarian cancer. The quantification of their impact on a population level may help focus and rank the importance of potential prevention strategies. Using data from a case-control study conducted in Italy between 1983 and 1991 on 971 ovarian cancer cases and 2758 control women we computed the multivariate relative risk estimates, and population attributable risks (PARs), i.e. the proportion of ovarian cancers that would have been avoided if a given exposure had not been present in the population. Overall, the PARs were 5% for nulliparity, 12% fo…
Insulin resistance in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome and the measurements of adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and ghrelin.
2005
Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MBS) is a significant health care problem in postmenopausal women and is driven largely by obesity. We wished to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR), diagnosed using practical methods, and whether several adipocyte factors (adiponectin, leptin, resistin) or the gastric peptide ghrelin, associated with cardiovascular risk, might be abnormal and may relate to IR. Study design: We evaluated 37 obese postmenopausal women with MBS and 34 matched obese premenopausal controls, as well as 14 non-obese premenopausal controls. We measured fasting glucose and insulin, performed 75g 2 hr oral glucose tolerance and intravenous insulin tolerance tests to assess…
Peginterferon-Α_2B plus ribavirin is more effective than peginterferon-Α_2A plus ribavirin in menopausal women with chronic hepatitis C.
2012
Under-enrolment of women to randomized clinical trials, including chronic hepatitis C, has long been recognized. The aim of this study was to identify factors predictive of sustained virological response (SVR) to PEG IFN/Ribavirin antiviral therapy in relation to gender and reproductive status of female patients involved. Seven hundred and forty-six treatment-naïve patients (431 men, 315 women) treated with Peg-IFNα-2a (180 μg/week) or Peg-IFNα-2b (1.5 μg/kg/week) plus ribavirin (800–1400 mg/day) for 24 or 48 weeks were studied between 2006 and 2010. Differences in SVR rate, overall and by gender were assessed after adjustment and propensity score matching. SVR was obtained in 44.2% of Peg-…
The role of stress and self-efficacy in somatic and psychological symptoms during the climacteric period - Is there a specific association?
2019
Abstract Objectives To investigate the influence and specificity of sociodemographic and psychological factors on the perception of symptoms associated with menopause. Study design Data are based on a nationwide cross-sectional survey study in Germany. A representative sample of 1350 females aged 14–95 years was examined. Sociodemographic factors, perceived stress, and self-efficacy were assessed. Women were divided into three age groups (young women ≤ 44 years; perimenopausal women 45–60 years; older women ≥ 61 years), and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) was used over the entire life span. Main outcome measures Total score on the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and hot flushes/sweating asses…
In-vivo investigation of material quality of bone tissue by measuring apparent phalangeal ultrasound transmission velocity
1995
The square of ultrasound transmission velocity in a material is related to the modulus of elasticity, which is known to be an indicator of stability in bone. The aim of our study was to use ultrasound transmission velocity to obtain information about the material properties of bone tissue, keeping other factors possibly influencing ultrasound transmission as constant as possible. Apparent phalangeal ultrasound transmission velocity (APU) measured in 54 isolated, fresh pig phalanges was shown to be independent of bone mineral density (BMD) measured by SPA. Fastest sound transmission led exclusively through cortical bone so that intertrabecular connectivity in spongious bone could not influen…