Search results for "Paz"
showing 10 items of 1302 documents
Il principio del non refoulement tra controllo dell'accesso al territorio dell'Unione europea e protezione dei diritti umani
2020
Nonostante il non-refoulement sia un principio cardine del diritto internazionale dei rifugiati, il suo preciso ambito di applicazione e l’esatta individuazione degli obblighi a carico degli Stati sono oggetto di incertezza per la tensione costante tra due opposte tendenze. In quanto espressione di un valore umanitario fondamentale, sono fiorite interpretazioni estensive, ma, in quanto limite al potere sovrano dello Stato di regolare l’accesso al territorio, sono emerse tendenze di segno restrittivo. L’articolo presenta la politica comune di asilo come sottoposta alla stessa tensione e ne descrive per grandi linee gli aspetti che costituiscono un ampliamento della protezione offerta dal dir…
SPILLOVER SPAZIALI ED EFFETTI DI SPIAZZAMENTO DELLA POLITICA DI COESIONE: UN’ANALISI SUI PROGETTI NELLE PROVINCE ITALIANE
2022
Una delle possibili cause di inefficacia di una politica pubblica è la totale ricaduta dei suoi effetti fuori delle aree territoriali di intervento. Il presente lavoro tratta questo tema analizzando il legame tra spillover spaziali ed effetti di spiazzamento nell'attuazione della Politica di Coesione europea. Valutiamo l’impatto degli interventi sulla crescita del PIL pro-capite, con una strategia econometrica che incorpora gli effetti spaziali. L'analisi è condotta sulle province italiane (NUTS-III) durante gli ultimi due periodi di programmazione (2007-2013 e 2014-2020), considerando anche la Politica di Coesione nazionale. Utilizziamo la versione panel del modello Spatial Durbin, con l'a…
Per una cittadinanza attiva: esercizi di interazione nella analisi e definizione di politiche urbane innovative per il quartiere Zen di Palermo
2008
Pazemojuma loma Francijas reakcijā uz 13. novembra Parīzes terora aktiem
2017
Bakalaura darbā “Pazemojuma loma Francijas reakcijā uz 13. novembra Parīzes terora aktiem” pētīts pazemojums kā Francijas reakciju uz 13. novembra terora aktiem ietekmējošais faktors. Teorijas daļā tiek definēts pazemojums un izstrādāta metodoloģija tā identificēšanai. Empīriskajā daļā ar kvalitatīvās diskursu analīzes palīdzību tiek izvērtētas Francijas lēmumu pieņēmēju intervijas, jautājumu un atbilžu sesiju atbildes un uzrunas, lai identificētu pazemojumu un noteiktu tā iespaidu. Pētījumā secināts, ka pazemojums ir iespaidojis Francijas lēmumu intensificēt gaisa uzlidojumus virs Sīrijas un ir iespaidojis likumprojekta virzīšanu, kas paredzētu konstitucionālas tiesības atņemt dubultpilson…
Brittle failure in polycrystalline RVEs by a grain-scale cohesive boundary element formulation
2013
Polycrystalline materials are commonly employed in engineering structures. For modern applica- tions a deep understanding of materials degradation is of crucial relevance. It is nowadays widely recognized that the macroscopic material properties depend on the microstructure. The polycrystalline microstructure is characterized by the features of the grains and by the phys- ical and chemical properties of the intergranular interfaces, that have a direct influence on the evolution of the microstructural damage. The experimental investigation of failure mechanisms in 3D polycrystals still remains a challenging task. A viable alternative, or complement, to the experiments is Computational Microm…
A multiscale approach to polycrystalline materials damage and failure
2015
A two-scale three-dimensional approach for degradation and failure in polycrystalline materials is presented. The method involves the component level and the grain scale. The damageinduced softening at the macroscale is modelled employing an initial stress boundary element approach. The microscopic degradation is explicitly modelled associating Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) to relevant points of the macro continuum and employing a cohesive-frictional 3D grain-boundary formulation to simulate intergranular degradation and failure in the Voronoi morphology. Macro-strains are downscaled as RVEs' periodic boundary conditions, while overall macro-stresses are obtained upscaling the micro…
Porosity effects on elastic properties of polycrystalline materials: a three-dimensional grain boundary formulation
2013
Polycrystalline materials are widely used in many technological applications of engineering interest. They constitute an important class of heterogeneous materials, and the investigation of the link between their macro and micro properties, main task of the micromechanics [1], is of relevant technological concern. The internal structure of a polycrystalline material is determined by the size and the shape of the grains, by their crystallographic orientation and by different type of defects within them. In this sense, the presence of internal voids, pores, is important to take into account in the determination of the polycrystalline aggregate properties. Porosity exists in almost all materia…
Intergranular damage and fracture in polycrystalline materials. A novel 3D microstructural grain-boundary formulation
2013
The design of advanced materials requires a deep understanding of degradation and failure pro- cesses. It is widely recognized that the macroscopic material properties depend on the features of the microstructure. The knowledge of this link, which is the main subject of Micromechanics [1], is of relevant technological interest, as it may enable the design of materials with specific requirements by means of suitable manipulations of the microstructure. Polycrystalline materials are used in many technological applications. Their microstructure is characterized by the grains morphology, size distribution, anisotropy, crystallographic orientation, stiffness and toughness mismatch and by the phy…
Polycrystalline materials with pores: effective properties through a boundary element homogenization scheme
2014
In this study, the influence of porosity on the elastic effective properties of polycrystalline materials is investigated using a formulation built on a boundary integral representation of the elastic problem for the grains, which are modeled as 3D linearly elastic orthotropic domains with arbitrary spatial orientation. The artificial polycrystalline morphology is represented using 3D Voronoi tessellations. The formulation is expressed in terms of intergranular fields, namely displacements and tractions that play an important role in polycrystalline micromechanics. The continuity of the aggregate is enforced through suitable intergranular conditions. The effective material properties are ob…
A cohesive boundary element approach to material degradation in three-dimensional polycrystalline aggregates
2013
A new three-dimensional grain-level formulation for intergranular degradation and failure in polycrystalline materials is presented. The polycrystalline microstructure is represented as a Voronoi tessellation and the boundary element method is used to express the elastic problem for each crystal of the aggregate. The continuity of the aggregate is enforced through suitable conditions at the intergranular interfaces. The grain-boundary model takes into account the onset and evolution of damage by means of an irreversible linear cohesive law, able to address mixed-mode failure conditions. Upon interface failure, a non-linear frictional contact analysis is introduced for addressing the contact…