Search results for "Pension"

Electrophoretic mobility of electrostatically interacting colloidal spheres

2004

We have measured the electrophoretic mobility μ = vE/E (where E is the electric field strength and vE the electrophoretic velocity) of highly charged colloidal spheres in deionized aqueous suspension at particle number densities n between 0.15 and 150 µm−3. Under these conditions the system exhibits fluid or crystalline order. We used laser Doppler velocimetry to determine the electrophoretic velocities vE as spatially averaged particle velocities from both integral and spatially resolved measurements. With this approach we were for the first time able to extend measurements far into the crystalline region of the phase diagram. We found μ to be constant at low n while at large n we observe …

High-Generation Amphiphilic Janus-Dendrimers as Stabilizing Agents for Drug Suspensions

2018

Pharmaceutical nanosuspensions are formed when drug crystals are suspended in aqueous media in the presence of stabilizers. This technology offers a convenient way to enhance the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drug compounds. The stabilizers exert their action through electrostatic or steric interactions, however, the molecular requirements of stabilizing agents have not been studied extensively. Here, four structurally related amphiphilic Janus-dendrimers were synthesized and screened to determine the roles of different macromolecular domains on the stabilization of drug crystals. Physical interaction and nanomilling experiments have substantiated that Janus-dendrimers with fourth gen…

Critical assessment of particle size analysis of porous silica microbead high-performance liquid chromatographic packings by photosedimentation

1979

Abstract Particle size analysis of commercial spherical silica packings of graduated pore size by means of photosedimentation (PS) is critically examined and compared to results obtained by microscopy. To avoid particle fractionation, the suspension prepared for PS measurements should be subjected to gentle ultrasonic treatment. For computing the particle size distribution, the effective density of solvent-filled porous particles has to be inserted into the Stokes equation. Reproducibility of d p , estimated by PS is found to be largely dependent upon the accuracy of the specific pore volume determination. Satisfactory agreement of data between PS and microscopy is obtained for all products…

England and Wales Family Court; [2016] EWFC 30; 24 maggio 2016; A Local Authority v. T, M, Y (A Child),

2017

MATHEMATICAL MODEL AND SOFTWARE SIMULATION OF SUSPENSION'S SYSTEM FROM OPEL CARS

2014

Direct measurements of the effects of salt and surfactant on interaction forces between colloidal particles at water-oil interfaces

2007

The forces between colloidal particles at a decane-water interface, in the presence of low concentrations of a monovalent salt (NaCl) and of the surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) in the aqueous subphase, have been studied using laser tweezers. In the absence of electrolyte and surfactant, particle interactions exhibit a long-range repulsion, yet the variation of the interaction for different particle pairs is found to be considerable. Averaging over several particle pairs was hence found to be necessary to obtain reliable assessment of the effects of salt and surfactant. It has previously been suggested that the repulsion is consistent with electrostatic interactions between a small nu…

Social capital, public expenditure and the quality of provision. The Sicilian experience

2013

L'articolo si inserisce all’interno del dibattito sul divario nella qualità dei servizi fra Nord e Sud d’Italia che recentemente è tornato a concentrarsi sul tema del capitale sociale, con lo scopo di ricostruire i processi attraverso i quali il capitale sociale influenza i rendimenti istituzionali, di qualificare la natura del nesso esistente, la sua variabilità nel tempo e fra diversi settori di intervento. A questo scopo l'articolo sviluppa una analisi fra i settori della sanità e della formazione professionale negli ultimi dieci anni in Sicilia. Questo articolo si inserisce all'interno del dibattito sul divario nella qualità dei servizi fra Nord e Sud d'Italia che recentemente è tornato…

Does the Pension System’s Income Statement Really Matter? A Proposal for An NDC Scheme with Disability and Minimum Pension Benefits

2019

This paper develops a full accounting model for monitoring the solvency of a notional defined contribution (NDC) pension scheme with disability and minimum pension benefits. Using the annual report of the Swedish pension system as a benchmark (TSPS, 2019), we extend the “Swedish” actuarial balance developed by Perez-Salamero et al. (2017) by adding an income statement which fully explains the reasons behind the changes in the system’s solvency by type of benefit. In line with the reference model, assets and liabilities are measured at present value at each reporting date, and changes in present value are reported in each period as income or expenses and are included on the income statement.…

A “Swedish” actuarial balance for a notional defined contribution pension scheme with disability and minimum pension benefits

2017

This article proposes a “Swedish” type actuarial balance sheet (ABS) for a notional defined contribution (NDC) scheme with disability and minimum pension benefits. The proposed ABS splits the pension system in two parts: the pure NDC part and the redistributive part, which includes the assets and liabilities originating from non-contributory rights. The article contains a numerical example that sheds light on the real applicability of our proposal. The model has practical implications that could be of interest to policy-makers, given that it integrates actuarial and social aspects of public pensions and discloses the real cost of redistribution through minimum pensions.

Self-organization of active particles by quorum sensing rules

2018

Many microorganisms regulate their behaviour according to the density of neighbours. Such quorum sensing is important for the communication and organisation within bacterial populations. In contrast to living systems, where quorum sensing is determined by biochemical processes, the behaviour of synthetic active particles can be controlled by external fields. Accordingly they allow to investigate how variations of a density-dependent particle response affect their self-organisation. Here we experimentally and numerically demonstrate this concept using a suspension of light-activated active particles whose motility is individually controlled by an external feedback-loop, realised by a particl…