Search results for "Percept"
showing 10 items of 3839 documents
European public perceptions of homelessness: A knowledge, attitudes and practices survey
2019
peer-reviewed Background Addressing Citizen’s perspectives on homelessness is crucial for the design of effective and durable policy responses, and available research in Europe is not yet substantive. We aim to explore citizens’ opinions about homelessness and to explain the differences in attitudes within the general population of eight European countries: France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden. Methods A nationally representative telephone survey of European citizens was conducted in 2017. Three domains were investigated: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about homelessness. Based on a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), a generalized linear mod…
Disease awareness in patients with COPD: measurement and extent
2018
Ilaria Baiardini,1 Paola Rogliani,2 Pierachille Santus,3 Angelo G Corsico,4 Marco Contoli,5 Nicola Scichilone,6 Fabiano Di Marco,7 Patrizia Lessi,8 Carla Scognamillo,8 Giorgia Molinengo,9 Fabio Ferri,10 Vincenzo Patella,11 Giuseppe Fiorentino,12 Mauro Carone,13 Fulvio Braido14 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; 2Respiratory Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy; 3Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; 4Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 5Department of Medical Sciences, University of F…
Targets and dimensions of social comparison among people with spinal cord injury and other health problems
2006
The present research examined comparison targets and comparison dimensions among two Spanish samples of individuals facing serious illnesses and diseases. In Study 1, 90 older patients (mean age 66.36) with various age-related diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, indicated that they compared themselves most often with others with the same disease, next with others with another disease and least with people without health problems. They compared themselves more often on their mental state, symptoms and physical activities than on their social activities. Social comparison orientation (SCO) as an individual difference characteristic was associated with more frequent co…
Behavioral Health at School: Do Three Competences in Road Safety Education Impact the Protective Road Behaviors of Spanish Children?
2019
Background: Education in road safety (also known as Road Safety Education&mdash
Parental and Peer Support Matters: A Broad Umbrella of the Role of Perceived Social Support in the Association between Children’s Perceived Motor Com…
2021
(1) Background: This study aimed to examine the role of social support in the relationship between perceived motor competence (MC) and physical activity (PA), according to the conceptual model of Motor Development. (2) Methods: Participants were 518 students (46.5% girls), 8–12 years old. By using a structural equation modeling approach, path analysis was used to test the actual-perceived MC relationship and the mediating influence of social support on the perceived MC–PA relationship. Analyses were done with age and sex as covariates. (3) Results: The results showed a good model fit (CFI = 0.98
The context effect in face matching: Effects of feedback.
2011
AbstractFaces are perceived holistically, even when they are presented briefly (Hole, 1994; Richler, Mack, et al., 2009). Results obtained with a context congruency paradigm support dominance of holistic processing for brief timings, but indicate that larger viewing times enable observers to regulate contextual influences, and to use a feature selective focus (Meinhardt-Injac, Persike, & Meinhardt, 2010). Here we provide further evidence for this claim, and illuminate the role of feedback. With trial by trial feedback observers show poor performance in incongruent facial contexts at brief timings, but become quite effective in suppressing information that interferes with the correct judgeme…
Developmental changes in the microgenesis of face perception revealed by effects of context and inversion
2011
AbstractPresent studies on the development of face perception mechanisms are ambiguous about the question of whether holistic face vision arises early, or in the second decade of life (Crookes & McKone, 2009). Measuring the time course of face matching we assess effects of context and inversion as correlates of holistic processing in the microgenesis of face perception within the first 650ms, and compare among 8- to 10-year-old children and adults. Results for adults indicate dominance of holistic viewing at brief timings, which is gradually replaced by feature selective strategies enabling them to selectively attend either internal or external features, as demanded by instruction. For chil…
Perceived stress and reference ranges of hair cortisol in healthy adolescents
2019
BackgroundChronic stress during adolescence has usually been evaluated through subjective measures, leaving aside objective measures such as hair cortisol concentrations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide reference ranges for hair cortisol concentrations by sex and age and to study the relationship between subjective and objective measures of stress and temporal stability.MethodsThe participants were 170 adolescents aged between 12 and 14 years (mean = 12.78 years; standard deviation = 0.71 years; 52.40% girls) who completed the Perceived Stress Scale 4 and had their hair sampled.ResultsThe results revealed hair cortisol concentrations ranging from 0.07 pg/mg to 9.54 pg/mg. Su…
Sex differences in the psychophysiological response to an intergroup conflict.
2018
Abstract Conflict induces psychophysiological responses, but less is known about responses to intergroup conflict. Intergroup relationships activate social processes, adding complexity to people’s physiological responses. This study analyzes the psychophysiological responses to intergroup conflict considering sex differences. Thus, 150 young people were distributed in 50 groups in two conditions (conflict vs. non-conflict). Conflict was created in the interaction between two groups (three people each) in the laboratory. Their responses were compared to a control group. Mood, heart rate variability, cortisol, and testosterone were measured. Results showed that intergroup conflict induced a l…
Caries treatment in a four-year-old boy using hypnosis - a case report.
2021
This clinical case report demonstrates the successful application of hypnosis in an anxious four-year-old boy in whom two primary molars were treated with a composite filling. The almost 16-minute pediatric dental treatment was performed without complications and without interruptions. It could be shown that hypnosis can be used for the pediatric dental treatment of decayed primary tooth lesions. In the specific individual case hypnosis was not only used adjuvant but as an alternative to local anesthesia. A dental anxiety reducing effect and an elimination of pain perception were observed, so that the treatment was possible without anesthesia. It was also found that the communication and ra…