Search results for "Percept"

Gender Behavioral Issues and Entrepreneurship

2017

Women, despite the fact that they make up around 50% of the world’s population, own and manage significantly fewer businesses than men worldwide. Previous empirical research indicates that the gender gap in entrepreneurial propensity mainly comes from subjective perceptions as self-confidence in one’s own skills and fear of failure, and from women’s lower exposure to other entrepreneurs. In this chapter we present laboratory economic experiments that study, under controlled conditions, subjective perceptions of women and men that seem to affect entrepreneurial propensity. The results of the reviewed experiments indicate that correcting factors such as self-confidence is possible (due to its…

Young People’s Ambiguous and Complex Responses on HIV/AIDS in Cameroon

2017

In the large cities of Cameroon, early sexual relations are a major problem for young people due to the risk of unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS, in this population that has not yet mastered protection and which is ill prepared to convince often older sexual partners to use condoms. The HIV/AIDS epidemic can be analysed as an exogenous trauma that has not given rise to an immediate national response at institutional level, in spite of the pressure and priorities imposed from outside. The survey was aimed at understanding how young people build the idea of protection and risk faced with HIV, and identifying their practices and their relations with protective pract…

Potential Resistance of Employees to Change in the Transition to Industry 5.0

2021

The unprecedented evolution of the technological environment inevitably generates resistance to change in the population. The paper aims to detect these resistances in the conditions of a future transition to Industry 5.0. Firstly, we present the results of a bibliographic study of the specialized literature, in order to answer the dilemma of the existence or absence of the differences between the two concepts, that of Industry 4.0 and that of Industry 5.0. Secondly, the paper contains the results of an online survey based on a questionnaire conducted among employees in the central area of Romania. The research is related to the employees’ perception on the possible evolution of the economi…

2021

The study aims were to 1) examine profiles of perception of motor competence (PMC) in relation to actual motor competence (AMC), i.e. under-estimators (UEs), realistic estimators (REs) and over-estimators (OEs) and 2) investigate associations between the profiles and selected socioecological factors at the individual, family and environmental levels. PMC (Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence) and AMC (Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition) were administered to a representative sample of children from 37 childcare centres in Finland (n=441;6.2±0.6yrs;52% boys). Socioecological factors were investigated using a parental questionnaire. The three profiles were formed b…

Rapid neural encoding of the contrast between native and nonnative speech in the alpha band

2021

AbstractMore than half of the world’s population is multilingual, yet it is not known how the human brain encodes the perception of native vs. nonnative speech. To find out, we asked German native speakers to detect the onset of native and nonnative (English and Turkish) vowels in a roving standard stimulation. Using EEG, we show that nonnativeness is robustly registered by an increase in phase coherence in the alpha band (8-12 Hz), beginning as early as ∼100 ms after stimulus onset and lasting more than 200 ms. The alpha band effect is speech-specific, successfully predicts the response speed advantage of nonnative speech, and grants ∼90% decoding accuracy in distinguishing native vs. nonn…

Considerations on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Romania's Accession to the European Union

2015

Abstract After nine years from Romania's accession to the European Union, the advantages are sustained with specific statistical markers, which could have been more positive if the effect of certain identified causes (reduced administrative ability, political instability, extended corruption, high tax evasion etc.) would have been diminished. Counterbalancing the benefits of the accession the opinion polls show the disadvantages. If a poll conducted four years prior to the accession showed that 66% of Romania's population considered that the accession to the European Union would produce positive effects, after six years from the accession things have reversed and 58% of Romanians considered…

METAPHOR ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS’ ROLES IN THE LESS COMMONLY TAUGHT EUROPEAN LANGUAGES PROGRAMS IN CHINA

2020

Teachers’ individual understanding of the roles in their own profession influences the construction of teacher-student and other work relationships. It is also an important indicator for language program managers to perceive the teaching and learning process. Metaphor analysis is an effective method to raise awareness and reflection of professional roles among teachers. This study employs the open-ended questionnaire to investigate the professional roles of the teachers in the Less Commonly Taught European Languages (LCTELs) programs in China. The framework provided by De Guerrero and Villamil’s research is adapted to design and conduct the questionnaire. The elicited metaphors are collecte…

On Psychological Aspects about Electric Vehicles, Part 1

2021

The high diffusion of electric vehicles is evidenced by every sector magazine or by the catalog of all the manufacturers inserting incessantly new models. But what are the user's most hidden reactions to the new world of vehicles? Is the user ready for the fifth level of automation (fully automatic driving and absence of the driving position)? The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the psychological aspects that influence the adoption of electric vehicles by users and beyond. Topics such as the egg and chicken paradox (electric vehicles and charging stations, who was born first) but also performance anxiety (range anxiety) will be addressed. Contradictions and irony will charac…

Conditioned generalisation in generalised anxiety disorder : the role of concurrent perceptual and conceptual cues

2021

Previous research in extinction indicates no difference in US expectancies for aversive and non-aversive unconditioned stimuli (USs). In this study, we bridged these topics by examining how concurrent perceptual and conceptual cues influence conditioned generalisation of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) patients by using non-aversive USs. The study included two consecutive phases: acquisition and generalisation. In the acquisition phase, we used blue and purple images as the perceptually conditioned stimuli, images of animals and household items as the conceptually conditioned stimuli, and non-aversive images as unconditioned stimuli (US). In the generalisation phase, we used images conta…

On the origin of worries about modern health hazards: Experimental evidence for a conjoint influence of media reports and personality traits

2017

Objective: Worries about health threatening effects of potential health hazards of modern life (e.g. electric devices and pollution) represent a growing phenomenon in Western countries. Yet, little is known about the causes of this growing special case of affective risk perceptions termed Modern Health Worries (MHW). The purpose of this study is to examine a possible role of biased media reports in the formation of MHW. Design: In two experiments, we investigated whether typical television reports affect MHW. In Study 1, 130 participants were randomly assigned to a film on idiopathic environmental intolerance (IEI) or a control film about cystic fibrosis. In Study 2, 82 participants were ra…