Search results for "Percept"
showing 10 items of 3839 documents
Concept of an extracellular regulation of muscular metabolic rate during heavy exercise in humans by psychophysiological feedback.
1996
Efferent motor signals to skeletal muscles concern not only the space/ time pattern of motion, but also the setting of muscular performance and through this the control of the current metabolic rate. For an optimal adjustment of metabolic rate during heavy exercise-e.g. in athletic competitions-a feedback control system must exist, including a programmer that takes into consideration a finishing point (teleoanticipation). The presented experiments, using Borg's scale, indicate the existence and functioning of a system for optimal adjustment of performance during heavy exercise and the relevance of teleoanticipatory effects. Thus motor learning includes not only somatosensory control, but al…
New intraocular lens for achromatizing the human eye.
2007
To describe the design of a new intraocular lens (IOL) capable of correcting spherical and chromatic aberrations when implanted in the human eye.University of Murcia, Murcia, and University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.A hybrid singlet achromatic IOL was designed. The IOL has a combination of a refractive and a diffractive surface, with 1 of the surfaces being aspherical. Optical simulations were used to model the polychromatic modulation transfer function (MTF) in pseudophakic eyes to explain the differences in optical quality afforded by the achromatic IOL. Parameters such as focus shift, optical path difference, through-focus, and robustness to tilt and decentering of achromatic IOLs wer…
A Unified Theory of Psychophysical Laws in Auditory Intensity Perception.
2020
Psychophysical laws quantitatively relate perceptual magnitude to stimulus intensity. While most people have accepted Stevens's power function as the psychophysical law, few believe in Fechner's original idea using just-noticeable-differences (jnd) as a constant perceptual unit to educe psychophysical laws. Here I present a unified theory in hearing, starting with a general form of Zwislocki's loudness function (1965) to derive a general form of Brentano's law. I will arrive at a general form of the loudness-jnd relationship that unifies previous loudness-jnd theories. Specifically, the "slope," "proportional-jnd," and "equal-loudness, equal-jnd" theories, are three additive terms in the ne…
Brain stimulation procedures for treatment of contralesional spatial neglect
2011
The application of brain stimulation techniques for modulation of cortical excitability changes underlying spatial neglect following right-brain-damage has been the first application of brain stimulation in the rehabilitation setting. Several factors concur in making neglect a prototype of cognitive disorders that can be modulated by brain stimulation: 1) neglect is highly lateralized deficit, 2) neglect is a network disorder in which lesion of a network node impacts affects excitability of intrahemispehric and interhemispheric connections, and 3) lesions of the right hemisphere, the most frequent cause of neglect, are associated with a transcallosally mediated increase of facilitation of t…
Etnoargumentos y discursos comunes en torno a un megaevento deportivo: La 32ª America's Cup vista por la sociedad anfitriona
2013
Entre 2004 y 2007, se celebró en Valencia, España, la 32ª edición de la America’s Cup, el evento deportivo más antiguo, el más prestigioso del mundo de la vela y uno de los de mayor impacto económico y mediático que existe en la actualidad a escala internacional. Aunque era la primera vez en que tal evento se celebraba en Europa los resultados fueron unánimemente considerados como un éxito de organización, asistencia y audiencias. Este artículo aborda un aspecto menos explorado de los megaeventos deportivos: las percepciones que sobre el mismo elaboraron los propios residentes. Para ello se realizó una investigación cualitativa –consistente en veinte entrevistas– que ha permitido identifica…
Inattentional deafness under dynamic musical conditions
2009
While inattentional blindness is a modern classic in attention and perception research, analogous phenomena of inattentional deafness are less well-known. In music, inattentional deafness has never been demonstrated under controlled experimental conditions, despite of indirect evidence for related effects. We tested inattentional deafness with real music in both musicians and non-musicians. Participants listened to the first 1’50” of Richard Strauss’ Thus Spake Zarathustra, with the experimental group having the task of counting the number of tympani beats and the control group just listening. The unexpected event was an e-guitar solo during the last 20s of this sequence. In Study 1, among …
Hierarchical perception of melody
2009
Two experiments were designed to investigate the hierarchical perception of melodies. The hierarchical structure of tonal melodies is formally described in Lerdahl and Jackendoff's Generative Theory of Tonal Music (GTTM). The experiments were designed to assess different aspects of GTTM time span reduction quantitatively. Subjects were presented with pairs of melodies in a same-different task. A short novel and a longer original tonal melody could differ within the harmonic context at single tones on one of four time span reduction levels. It was found that detection rate of the melodic deviances correlated strongly with time span level. The same method was employed on an atonal and a poorl…
Improving Hand Hygiene Behavior Using a Novel Theory-Based Intervention During the COVID-19 Pandemic
2022
Abstract Background Promoting the adoption of personal hygiene behaviors known to reduce the transmission of COVID-19, such as avoiding touching one’s face with unwashed hands, is important for limiting the spread of infections. Purpose We aimed to test the efficacy of a theory-based intervention to promote the avoidance of touching one’s face with unwashed hands to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Methods We tested effects of an intervention employing imagery, persuasive communication, and planning techniques in two pre-registered studies adopting randomized controlled designs in samples of Australian (N = 254; Study 1) and US (N = 245; Study 2) residents. Participants were randomly assigned…
Funktionskreis e Gestaltkreis: la metafora del circolo nella biologia teoretica
2014
This paper aims to examine the use of the circle metaphor within the functionalist perspective by Jakob von Uexküll and the morphological perspective by Viktor von Weizsäcker. Whereas the functionalist theory dissolves the unity of the organism in the multiplicity of functional relationships, Weizsäcker’s morphology recognizes the fundamental unity of the biological act, leading to a new concept of the living organism.
Pseudo-relatives, gerunds and infinitives in Romance: (only) superficial resemblances and structural connections
2013
L'argomento di questa monografia è un confronto tra i costrutti predicativi di tipo frasale nelle diverse varietà romanze. Mentre le pseudorelative sono diffuse pressoché in tutta la Romània, con qualche variazione parametrica minore, i gerundi predicativi e gli infiniti preposizionali sono usati solo in alcune varietà. Negli studi linguistici sull'argomento è mancata finora l'ottica comparativa, sia tra varietà diverse, sia tra costrutti predicativi diversi. Il mio lavoro si prefissa lo scopo di colmare questa lacuna, senza ignorare però i costrutti percettivi composti da un infinito semplice, che da parte della letteratura sono stati paragonati alle strutture predicative delle pseudorelat…